Development of a CD39 nanobody and its enhancement to chimeric antigen receptor T cells efficacy against ovarian cancer in preclinical studies.

: CD39, a key ectonucleotidase that drives adenosine production, acts as a critical immunosuppressive checkpoint in cancer. Although it has shown promise as a therapeutic target, clinical trials are demonstrating the need for more potent targeting approaches. This need is driving innovation towards the development of novel antibodies and the exploration of strategic combinations with a range of immunotherapies.

Neutral polysaccharide from Panax notoginseng enhanced cyclophosphamide antitumor efficacy in hepatoma H22-bearing mice.

Background: Our previous studies demonstrated that the administration of crude Polysaccharide from Panax notoginseng (CPPN) can effectively prolong the lifespan of tumor-bearing mice via boosting the host immune system as well as weak cytotoxicity against hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In the present study, Neutral Polysaccharide (NPPN) were further purified from crude polysaccharide isolated from panax notoginseng. The effects of NPPN on the immune function and hematopoietic function of mice with low immunity and myelosuppression induced by cyclophosphamide (CTX) were investigated.

Highly active bidentate N-heterocyclic carbene/ruthenium complexes performing dehydrogenative coupling of alcohols and hydroxides in open air.

Eight bidentate NHC/Ru complexes, namely [Ru]-1-[Ru]-8, were designed and prepared. In particular, [Ru]-2 displayed extraordinary performance even in open air for the dehydrogenative coupling of alcohols and hydroxides. Notably, an unprecedentedly low catalyst loading of 250 ppm and the highest TON of 32 800 and TOF of 3200 until now were obtained.

[Expression of B7 Family Co-inhibitory Molecules in the Establishment of Pulmonary Regional Immunity].

Objective: To identify the temporal-spatial expression of B7 family co-inhibitory molecules during lung development, and to explore the roles of B7 family co-inhibitory molecules in the developmental process of pulmonary regional immunity.

Methods: The expression of B7 family co-inhibitory molecules (B7-1, B7-2, B7-H1, B7-DC) in different developmental stages of Rhesus monkey lungs were normalized and calculated by the reads per kilo-base of transcript per million mapped reads (RPKM) method. Immunohistochemical staining was performed to identify the localization and the protein of B7 family co-inhibitory molecules in different developmental phase (canalicular stage, cystic stage, alveolar stage) in mouse.

Ruthenium-Based Catalytic Systems Incorporating a Labile Cyclooctadiene Ligand with -Heterocyclic Carbene Precursors for the Atom-Economic Alcohol Amidation Using Amines.

Transition-metal-catalyzed amide-bond formation from alcohols and amines is an atom-economic and eco-friendly route. Herein, we identified a highly active in situ -heterocyclic carbene (NHC)/ruthenium (Ru) catalytic system for this amide synthesis. Various substrates, including sterically hindered ones, could be directly transformed into the corresponding amides with the catalyst loading as low as 0.

In situ Generated Ruthenium Catalyst Systems Bearing Diverse N-Heterocyclic Carbene Precursors for Atom-Economic Amide Synthesis from Alcohols and Amines.

The transition-metal-catalyzed direct synthesis of amides from alcohols and amines is herein demonstrated as a highly environmentally benign and atom-economic process. Among various catalyst systems, in situ generated N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC)-based ruthenium (Ru) halide catalyst systems have been proven to be active for this transformation. However, these existing catalyst systems usually require an additional ligand to achieve satisfactory results.

Characterization of a Novel Dengue Serotype 4 Virus-Specific Neutralizing Epitope on the Envelope Protein Domain III.

The dengue virus (DENV) envelope protein domain III (ED3) has been suggested to contain receptor recognition sites and the critical neutralizing epitopes. Up to date, relatively little work has been done on fine mapping of neutralizing epitopes on ED3 for DENV4. In this study, a novel mouse type-specific neutralizing antibody 1G6 against DENV4 was obtained with both prophylactic and therapeutic effects.

Enlarge the training set based on inter-class relationship for face recognition from one image per person.

In some large-scale face recognition task, such as driver license identification and law enforcement, the training set only contains one image per person. This situation is referred to as one sample problem. Because many face recognition techniques implicitly assume that several (at least two) images per person are available for training, they cannot deal with the one sample problem.

Immunization with HBsAg-Fc fusion protein induces a predominant production of Th1 cytokines and reduces HBsAg level in transgenic mice.

Background: The Fc receptor associated pathway might improve the immune responses against hepatitis B virus (HBV) as previously described by us. In addition, the Flt3 ligand (FL) has been reported to potentiate antigen presenting cells in vivo and may act as a potential adjuvant to boost antigen-specific immune responses. In this study, the immune efficacies of a set of fusion proteins of HBsAg and Fc and/or FL were evaluated in HBsAg transgenic mice.

Hydride dissociation energies of six-membered heterocyclic organic hydrides predicted by ONIOM-G4Method.

Hydride dissociation energy is of great importance in understanding the hydride-donating abilities of organic hydrides. Although the hydride dissociation energies of some organic hydrides have been experimentally measured, much less attention has been focused on the investigation of these quantities from the first principles of physics. Herein, we developed an ONIOM-G4 method and carefully benchmarked this new method against 48 experimental hydride dissociation energies of diverse bulky molecules.

A broadly flavivirus cross-neutralizing monoclonal antibody that recognizes a novel epitope within the fusion loop of E protein.

Flaviviruses are a group of human pathogenic, enveloped RNA viruses that includes dengue (DENV), yellow fever (YFV), West Nile (WNV), and Japanese encephalitis (JEV) viruses. Cross-reactive antibodies against Flavivirus have been described, but most of them are generally weakly neutralizing. In this study, a novel monoclonal antibody, designated mAb 2A10G6, was determined to have broad cross-reactivity with DENV 1-4, YFV, WNV, JEV, and TBEV.

[Correlation analysis of collateral circulation and clinical locations in patients with ischemic stroke].

Objective: To study the correlation of compensation by collateral circulation and clinical locations in ischemic stroke cases.

Methods: A total of 25 ischemic stroke cases were retrospectively analyzed. MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) and DSA (digital subtraction angiography) were performed in all cases.

Theoretical study on acidities of (S)-proline amide derivatives in DMSO and its implications for organocatalysis.

The acidities (pK(a) values) of proline amide derivatives are of great importance for understanding the catalytic activity of proline-based organocatalysts. The development of new catalysts could also benefit from the systematic study of the pK(a) values of these compounds. However, only a few pK(a) values of the proline-based organocatalysts are currently available due to the difficulty in experimentally measurements.

An extensive ylide thermodynamic stability scale predicted by first-principle calculations.

Thermodynamic stabilities of ylides are measured by the ease of the carbanion formation through the removal of a proton from their precursors. A full-spectrum scale of ylide thermodynamic stability is important to understand the reactivities and selectivities in ylide chemistry. In the present study is reported the first theoretical protocol for predicting the acidities of structurally unrelated ylide precursors in DMSO whose reliability has been tested against almost all the available experimental data.