Boron-chelating fluorescent probe (BOPB) in the red region combined with CE-LIF for the detection of NO in mice liver.

Precise measurement of nitric oxide (NO) is of great importance to understand the function of NO in liver and the mechanism of liver injury. 8-(3',4'-Diamino phenyl)-3,5-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-dimethylene pyrrole (BOPB), a fluorescent probe in the red region (>600 nm) newly developed in our group, has good photostability and excitation/emission wavelength of 622/643 nm matching well with commercial 635 nm semiconductor laser of CE-LIF detection. Therefore, BOPB was used in CE-LIF for the determination of NO in mice liver.

One step physically adsorbed coating of silica capillary with excellent stability for the separation of basic proteins by capillary zone electrophoresis.

The coating of capillary inner surface is considered to be an effective approach to suppress the adsorption of proteins on capillary inner surface in CE. However, most of coating materials reported are water-soluble, which may dissolve in BGE during the procedure of electrophoresis. In this study, a novel strategy for selection of physically coating materials has been illustrated to get coating layer with excellent stability using materials having poor solubility in commonly used solvents.

The natural degradation of benzophenone at low concentration in aquatic environments.

The natural degradation caused by sun irradiation and microbes in aquatic environments is of major significance in the elimination process of benzophenone (BP). In this study, the fate of BP in surface water at a low concentration of 10 μg/L was investigated, including both photodegradation and microbial degradation. The result showed that the photodegradation rate of BP was affected by several parameters such as the initial concentration, continuous input, and the presence of the analogue, ions and small molecules.

Capillary electrophoresis strategy to monitor the released and remaining nitric oxide from the same single cell using a specially designed water-soluble fluorescent probe.

Gasotransmitters including nitric oxide (NO), carbon monoxide (CO), and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) have attracted more and more attention in the past decades due to their unique signaling and functions. However, as a fundamental issue in the investigations of gasotransmitters, the cell membrane permeability and release behavior of them is controversial in reports because of the lack of an efficient approach to determine gasotransmitters released out of and remaining in the same cells simultaneously. To solve such problem, taking NO as representative, a robust and facile strategy has been reported based on a completely water-soluble fluorescent probe and a commercially available capillary electrophoresis system.

A new BODIPY-based long-wavelength fluorescent probe for chromatographic analysis of low-molecular-weight thiols.

A new long-wavelength fluorescent probe, 1,7-dimethyl-3,5-distyryl-8-phenyl-(4'-iodoacetamido)difluoroboradiaza-s-indacene (DMDSPAB-I), was designed and synthesized for thiol labeling in high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The excitation and emission wavelengths of DMDSPAB-I are 620 and 630 nm, respectively, with a high fluorescence quantum yield of 0.557, which is advantageous in preventing interference of intrinsic fluorescence from complex biological matrices and enabling high sensitivity HPLC.

Simultaneous determination of primary and secondary phenethylamines in biological samples by high-performance liquid chromatographic method with fluorescence detection.

Phenylalanine is an essential amino acid and its metabolites relate to various physiological and immune functions of living organisms. To monitor the alteration of concentration of primary and secondary phenethylamines including N-methyltyramine, octopamine, tyramine, tyrosine and phenylalanine in the metabolic pathway of phenylalanine, a sensitive and selective reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatographic method has been developed in this study. The identification and quantification of phenethylamines were performed by fluorescent detection after pre-column derivatization with 1,3,5,7-tetramethyl-8-(N-hydroxysuccinimidyl butyric ester)difluoroboradiaza-s-indacene, an excellent fluorescent probe which could react with both primary and secondary amino groups simultaneously.

Dual labeling for simultaneous determination of nitric oxide, glutathione and cysteine in macrophage RAW264.7 cells by microchip electrophoresis with fluorescence detection.

A simple, rapid and efficient method based on microchip electrophoresis coupled with fluorescence detection (MCE-FLD) was developed for simultaneous determination of nitric oxide (NO), glutathione (GSH) and cysteine (Cys) using dual labeling strategy. Two highly reactive fluorogenic probes, 1,3,5,7-tetramethyl-8-(3',4'-diaminophenyl)-difluoroboradiaza-s-indacene (DAMBO) and 1,3,5,7-tetramethyl-8-phenyl-(2-maleimide)-difluoroboradiaza-s-indacene (TMPAB-o-M), were used for labeling NO and thiols, respectively, under physiological conditions. The rapid separation and sensitive detection of the derivatives were achieved on a glass microchip within 70s in a running buffer of 20mM H3Cit-Na2HPO4 solution (pH 7.

Subacute effect of decabromodiphenyl ethane on hepatotoxicity and hepatic enzyme activity in rats.

Information regarding decabromodiphenyl ethane (DBDPE) effects on hepatotoxicity and metabolism is limited. In the present study, Wistar rats were given oral DBDPE at different doses. DBDPE induced oxidative stress, elevated blood glucose levels, increased CYP2B2 mRNA, CYP2B1/2 protein, 7-pentoxyresorufin O-depentylase (PROD) activity, and induced CYP3A2 mRNA, CYP3A2 protein, and luciferin benzylether debenzylase (LBD) activity.

Development of a potential method based on microchip electrophoresis with fluorescence detection for the sensitive determination of intracellular thiols in RAW264.7 cells.

This paper, for the first time, reported the development of a simple, rapid, and reliable method for the separation and sensitive determination of four thiol compounds including homocysteine, cysteine, glutathione, and N-acetylcysteine based on glass MCE with fluorescence detection using a highly reactive fluorogenic probe, 1,3,5,7-tetramethyl-8-phenyl-(2-maleimide)-difluoroboradiaza-s-indacene (TMPAB-o-M), as the labeling reagent. TMPAB-o-M reacted selectively with thiols to produce highly fluorescent derivatives and the highest derivatization efficiency was achieved within 6 min in physiological conditions. After the optimization of separation conditions, a baseline separation of the four thiol compounds was achieved with the detection limits ranging from 2 nM for glutathione to 4 nM for cysteine (S/N = 3) and RSDs (n = 5) in the range of 3.

Highly sensitive determination of nitric oxide in biologic samples by a near-infrared BODIPY-based fluorescent probe coupled with high-performance liquid chromatography.

Nitric oxide (NO) acts as an important regulator and mediator in numerous processes of biological systems. In this work, the analytical potential of a novel near-infrared (NIR, >600 nm) BODIPY-based fluorescent probe for NO, 8-(3,4-diaminophenyl)-4,4-difluoro-4-bora-3a,4a-diaza-di(1,2-dihydro) naphtho[b, g]s-indacene (DANPBO-H) has been evaluated in high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). In 25 mM pH 6.

Novel B,O-chelated fluorescent probe for nitric oxide imaging in Raw 264.7 macrophages and onion tissues.

A novel fluorescent probe based on B,O-chelated dipyrromethene chromophore in far-visible and near-infrared spectral region (600-900 nm), boron chelated 8-(3,4-diaminophenyl)-3,5-bis(2-hydroxyphenyl)-4-bora-3a,4a-diaza-s-indancene (BOPB), has been first developed for nitric oxide (NO) imaging. BOPB, a turn-on fluorescent probe, can react with NO rapidly under physiological condition. The reaction product of BOPB with NO, BOPB-T, emits bright red fluorescence at 643 nm when excited at 622 nm.

Determination of neurotransmitter amino acids in mouse central nervous system by CE-LIF.

An MEKC method with LIF detection has been developed for the determination of seven neurotransmitter amino acids (NAAs) using 1,3,5,7-tetramethyl-8-(N-hydroxysuccinimidyl butyric ester)difluoroboradiaza-S-indacene as the labeling reagent. After derivatization at room temperature for 30 min, the seven target NAAs including glycine, alanine, γ-aminobutyric acid, taurine, glutamine, glutamic acid, and aspartic acid were separated in running buffer, which consisted of 70 mM pH 4.00 H3 PO4 /Na3 PO4 buffer, 5.

"Off-on" red-emitting fluorescent probes with large Stokes shifts for nitric oxide imaging in living cells.

Fluorescent probes with larger Stokes shifts in the far-visible and near-infrared spectral region (600-900 nm) are more superior for cellular imaging and biological analysis due to avoiding light scattering interference, reducing autofluorescence from biological sample and encouraging deeper tissue penetration in vivo imaging. In this work, two bis-methoxyphenyl-BODIPY fluorescent probes for the detection of nitric oxide (NO) have been firstly synthesized. Under physiological conditions, these probes can react with NO to form the corresponding triazoles with 250- and 70-fold turn-on fluorescence emitting at 590 and 620 nm, respectively.

Determination of fatty acids in bio-samples based on the pre-column fluorescence derivatization with 1,3,5,7-tetramethyl-8-butyrethylenediamine-difluoroboradiaza-s-indacene by high performance liquid chromatography.

1,3,5,7-Tetramethyl-8-butyrethylenediamine-difluoroboradiaza-s-indacene (TMBB-EDAN) has been designed and synthesized as a highly fluorescent labeling reagent for carboxylic acids. By using TMBB-EDAN, a sensitive and rapid method based on high performance liquid chromatography-fluorescence detection for the determination of twelve fatty acids (FAs) in bio-samples has been developed. Under optimized conditions, these FAs were tagged with TMBB-EDAN in the presence of 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethyla-minopropyl) carbodiamide at 20°C for 30min and then the baseline separation was achieved on a C18 column with a linear gradient elution in 26min.

Determination of thiol compounds by HPLC and fluorescence detection with 1,3,5,7-tetramethyl-8-bromomethyl-difluoroboradiaza-s-indacene.

Altered levels of thiols in biological fluids are considered to be an important indicator for several diseases. In this article, 1,3,5,7-tetramethyl-8-bromomethyl-difluoroboradiaza-s-indacene is proposed as a fluorescent derivatization reagent for the determination of thiols including glutathione, cysteine, N-acetylcysteine, and homocysteine by HPLC. Under the optimized derivatization and separation conditions, a baseline separation of all the four derivatives has been achieved using isocratic elution on an RP C(8) column within 26 min.

Impact of traffic emissions on local air quality and the potential toxicity of traffic-related particulates in Beijing, China.

Objective: Air-borne particulates from different sources could have different physicochemical properties and inflammatory potentials. This study aims to characterize the chemical compositions and the toxicity of ambient particulate matter (PM) associated with traffic emissions.

Methods: The concentrations of trace elements, organic carbon (OC), elemental carbon (EC) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in PM2.

Analysis of short-chain aliphatic amines in food and water samples using a near infrared cyanine 1-(ε-succinimydyl-hexanoate)-1'-methyl-3,3,3',3'-tetramethyl-indocarbocyanine-5,5'-disulfonate potassium with CE-LIF detection.

Precolumn derivatization of six short-chain aliphatic amines by a near-infrared dye, 1-(ε-succinimydyl-hexanoate)-1'-methyl-3,3,3',3'-tetramethyl-indocarbocyanine-5,5'- disulfonate potassium (MeCy5-OSu), followed by MEKC-CE-LIF detection has been developed as a method for the determination of aliphatic amines in environmental water and food. Optimum derivatization was operated nicely in pH 9.0 borate buffer at 20°C for 30 min.

Real-time and in-situ cell imaging of thiol compounds in living cells using maleimide BODIPY labeling.

In this paper, a simple analytical method for the visualization of thiol compounds including glutathione (GSH), N-acetylcysteine (NAC), cysteine (Cys) and coenzyme A (CoA) in living cells is developed based on 1,3,5,7-tetramethyl-8-phenyl-(2-maleimide)-difluoroboradiaza-s-indacene (TMPAB-o-M) labeling. By using of this fluorogenic reagent, in-situ imaging of thiol compounds in cells could be achieved in only 90 s, which is much faster than that mentioned in other reports. The fluorescence of derivative products in living cells could be stable for atleast 15 min under irradiation, and can be quantified by HPLC easily in only 6 min.

Determination of thiols by capillary micellar electrokinetic chromatography with laser induced fluorescence detection using 1,3,5,7-tetramethyl-8-phenyl-(4-iodoacetamido) difluoroboradiaza-s-indacene as labeling reagent.

A sensitive and effective micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography with laser-induced fluorescence detection approach was described for the determination of low molecular-mass thiols using 1,3,5,7-tetramethyl-8-phenyl-(4-iodoacetamido) difluoroboradiaza-s-indacene as the labeling reagent. After precolumn derivatization, baseline separation of six thiol compounds including cysteine, glutathione, N-acetylcysteine, homocysteine, 6-mercaptopurine, and penicillamine were achieved within 18 min. The optimal running buffer was composed of mixtures involving 25 mM sodium dodecyl sulfate, 25% (v/v) acetonitrile and 15 mM sodium phosphate buffer, pH 7.

Ultrasensitive determination of jasmonic acid in plant tissues using high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection.

An ultrasensitive and selective high-performance liquid chromatographic method for the volatile signaling hormone, jasmonic acid, has been developed based on precolumn derivatization with 1,3,5,7-tetramethyl-8-aminozide-difluoroboradiaza-s-indacene (BODIPY-aminozide). The derivatization reaction was carried out at 60 °C for 30 min in the presence of phosphoric acid. The formed jasmonic acid derivative was eluted using a mobile phase of methanol/pH 6.

Single-wall carbon nanotubes induce oxidative stress in rat aortic endothelial cells.

Oxidative stress is a major factor contributing to endothelial cell damage. Single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) have oxidative properties; however, the oxidative effects of SWCNTs on endothelial cells are not fully understood. In the present study, we investigated the effects of oxidative stress induced by SWCNTs on rat aortic endothelial cells (RAECs).

Optimization of ultrasonic-assisted extraction of water-soluble polysaccharides from Boletus edulis mycelia using response surface methodology.

An ultrasound-assisted procedure for the extraction of water-soluble polysaccharides from the submerged-cultured mycelia of Boletus edulis was investigated using response surface methodology (RSM). Three independent variables were ratio of dried mycelia to water (X: 1:40-1:60), extraction time (X: 6-10min), and ultrasonic temperature (X: 50-70°C). The statistical analysis indicated the independent variables (X, X), the quadratic terms (X and X) and the interaction between X and X had significant effects on the yield of polysaccharides (p<.