Zygotic Splicing Activation of the Transcriptome is a Crucial Aspect of Maternal-to-Zygotic Transition and Required for the Conversion from Totipotency to Pluripotency.

During maternal-to-zygotic transition (MZT) in the embryo, mRNA undergoes complex post-transcriptional regulatory processes. However, it is unclear whether and how alternative splicing plays a functional role in MZT. By analyzing transcriptome changes in mouse and human early embryos, dynamic changes in alternative splicing during MZT are observed and a previously unnoticed process of zygotic splicing activation (ZSA) following embryonic transcriptional activation is described.

The RNA ligase RNA terminal phosphate cyclase B regulates mRNA alternative splicing and is required for mouse oocyte development and maintenance.

Recent large-scale mRNA sequencing has shown that introns are retained in 5-10% of mRNA, and these events are named intron retention (IR). IR has been recognized as a key mechanism in the regulation of gene expression. However, the role of this mechanism in female reproduction in mammals remains unclear.

Access to benzene-modified 2 generation strigolactams and GR24 by merging C-H olefination with decarboxylative Giese cyclization.

Herein, we reported an efficient and general synthetic route to assemble benzene-modified 2 generation strigolactams and GR24. The key features of this synthesis include a palladium-catalyzed ortho-selective olefination of the commercially available substituted N-Boc phenylalanine and a decarboxylative Giese radical cyclization. The bioactivities of these compounds to stimulate the seed germination of Orobanche aegyptiaca parasitic weed were also analysed.

Biomimetic Total Syntheses of Ergot Alkaloids via Decarboxylative Giese Coupling.

Biomimetic total syntheses of Festuclavine and Pyroclavine were achieved by a sequential radical coupling. The key steps include intramolecular decarboxylative Giese reaction to form the central C ring and 4-nitrobenzenesulfonyl (Ns)-directed indole C4-H olefination to introduce the indole C4 component. In addition, D-ring formation was completed by decarboxylative alkenylation and intramolecular S2 reaction.

Equine infectious anemia virus in China.

Equine infectious anemia is an equine disease caused by equine infectious anemia virus, which was first reported in 1840. Equine infectious anemia virus research in China started in the 1960s, focusing on etiology, pathology, diagnosis, and immunology. Notably, in 1978 an attenuated vaccine was successfully developed for equine infectious anemia virus, effectively preventing equine infectious anemia virus in China.

Synthesis and Characterization of a Rosmarinic Acid Derivative that Targets Mitochondria and Protects against Radiation-Induced Damage In Vitro.

Mitochondrial dysfunction plays an important role in gamma-radiation-induced mediating oxidative stress. Scavenging radiation-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) can help mitochondria to maintain their physiological function. Rosmarinic acid is a polyphenol antioxidant that can scavenge radiation-induced ROS, but the structure prevents it from accumulating in mitochondria.

[Cross-sectional Study on the Relationship among Syndrome of TCM, BODE Index and Qulity of Life, in Patients with COPD at Stable Phase].

Objective: To study the syndrome of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and relevant indexes of conventional Western medicine for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) at stable phase, and further explore the trend of change of the deficiency syndrome of TCM, and the correlation of each syndrome with the BODE index (body mass index, airflow obstruction, dyspnea, and exercise capacity index) and quality of life.

Methods: 300 cases with COPD which were in line with the standard were differentiated to 5 groups (60 cases for each group) by the symptoms. which were Lung Qi deficiency (Group A), Lung and Spleen Qi deficiency (Group B), Lung and Kidney Qi deficiency (Group C), Lung, Spleen and Kidney Qi deficiency (Group D), and deficiency of both Qi and Yin (Group E).