Clinical application and progress in preoxygenation techniques.

Introduction: Airway management is often a life-saving procedure for patients. However, during airway management, difficult ventilation and difficult intubation are not always predictable. Preoxygenation, a crucial technique to improve oxygen reserves, plays a vital role in preventing hypoxemia during anesthesia induction.

Effect of perioperative dexmedetomidine on sleep quality in adult patients after noncardiac surgery: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials.

Background: Dexmedetomidine may improve sleep quality after surgery, but conflicting results also exist. Herein, we explored the effects of perioperative dexmedetomidine on postoperative sleep quality in adult patients.

Methods: In this systematic review and meta-analysis, randomized controlled trials investigating the effects of perioperative dexmedetomidine on sleep quality after noncardiac surgery were retrieved from Cochrane Library, PubMed, and EMBASE from inception to January 12, 2023, and updated on March 15, 2024.

Determination of the Optimal Volume of 0.5% Ropivacaine in Single-injection Retroclavicular Brachial Plexus Block for Arthroscopic Shoulder Surgery: A Phase I/II Trial.

Background: A brachial plexus block plays an important role in providing perioperative analgesia for shoulder surgery; however, the inherent risk of phrenic nerve block and resulting hemidiaphragmatic paralysis may limit its use in patients with compromised pulmonary function. This study aimed to evaluate the safety, efficacy, maximum tolerated volume, and optimal biologic volume of 0.5% ropivacaine used in a single-injection retroclavicular brachial plexus block for arthroscopic shoulder surgery.

Global Highly Cited Publication Trends and Research Hotspots in Osteoporosis and Bone Metabolic Cells: A Bibliometric and Visualization Analysis from 2013 to 2023.

Background: Bone metabolic diseases such as osteoporosis are caused by disruption of the metabolic balance between osteoblasts and osteoclasts. Thousands of papers have been published on osteoporosis and bone metabolizing cells. The purpose of this study is to draw the publication trend of highly cited literature in this field through bibliometrics and to explore the research hotspot analysis.

Clinical evaluation of maxillary sinus floor elevation with or without bone grafts: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials with trial sequential analysis.

Introduction: Our goal was to systematically review the current evidence comparing the relative effectiveness of two maxillary sinus floor elevation (MSFE) approaches (internal and external) without bone grafts with that of conventional/grafted MSFE in patients undergoing implantation in the posterior maxilla.

Material And Methods: Medical databases (PubMed/Medline, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library) were searched for randomised controlled trials published between January 1980 and May 2023. A manual search of implant-related journals was also performed.

Ginsenoside Rc alleviates osteoporosis by the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway.

Osteoporosis is a common chronic bone disorder in postmenopausal women. Ginsenosides are primary active components in ginseng and the effects of various ginsenoside variants in osteoporosis treatment have been widely revealed. We planned to explore the impact of ginsenoside Rc on bone resorption in an osteoporosis rat model.

Effect of postoperative intermittent boluses of subcostal quadratus lumborum block on pulmonary function recovery and analgesia after gastrectomy: a randomized controlled clinical trial.

Background: Following the gastrectomy, the reduction in pulmonary function is partly attributed to postoperative pain. Subcostal quadratus lumborum block (QLB) has recently emerged as a promising component in multimodal analgesia. We aimed to assess the impact of intermittent boluses of subcostal QLB on pulmonary function recovery and analgesic efficacy after gastrectomy.

Regulation of interstitial fluid flow in adventitia along vasculature by heartbeat and respiration.

Converging studies showed interstitial fluid (ISF) adjacent to blood vessels flows in adventitia along vasculature into heart and lungs. We aim to reveal circulatory pathways and regulatory mechanism of such adventitial ISF flow in rat model. By MRI, real-time fluorescent imaging, micro-CT, and histological analysis, ISF was found to flow in adventitial matrix surrounded by fascia and along systemic vessels into heart, then flow into lungs via pulmonary arteries and back to heart via pulmonary veins, which was neither perivascular tissues nor blood or lymphatic vessels.

Multifunctional Sr/Se co-doped ZIF-8 nanozyme for chemo/chemodynamic synergistic tumor therapy apoptosis and ferroptosis.

Cancer continues to be a significant public health issue. Traditional treatments such as surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy often fall short because of intrinsic issues such as lack of specificity and poor drug delivery, leading to insufficient drug concentration at the tumor site and/or potential side effects. Consequently, improving the delivery of conventional chemotherapy drugs like doxorubicin (DOX) is crucial for their therapeutic efficacy.

Comparative oncology chemosensitivity assay for personalized medicine using low-coherence digital holography of dynamic light scattering from cancer biopsies.

Nearly half of cancer patients who receive standard-of-care treatments fail to respond to their first-line chemotherapy, demonstrating the pressing need for improved methods to select personalized cancer therapies. Low-coherence digital holography has the potential to fill this need by performing dynamic contrast OCT on living cancer biopsies treated ex vivo with anti-cancer therapeutics. Fluctuation spectroscopy of dynamic light scattering under conditions of holographic phase stability captures ultra-low Doppler frequency shifts down to 10 mHz caused by light scattering from intracellular motions.

Effect of moderate versus deep sedation on recovery following outpatient gastroscopy in older patients: a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Although gastrointestinal endoscopy with sedation is increasingly performed in older patients, the optimal level of sedation remains open to debate. In this study, our objective was to compare the effects of moderate sedation (MS) and deep sedation (DS) on recovery following outpatient gastroscopy in elderly patients.

Methods: In this randomized, partially blinded, controlled trial, we randomly divided 270 patients older than 60 years who were scheduled for elective outpatient gastroscopy into the MS or DS group based on the Modified Observer's Assessment of Alertness/Sedation (MOAA/S) scale.

Association between meteorological factors and varicella incidence: a multicity study in Yunnan Province, China.

This multicenter study aimed to investigate the relationship between varicella incidence and meteorological factors including mean temperature, relative humidity, sunshine duration, diurnal temperature difference, wind speed, and rainfall, as previous studies have produced varying results. Our study also sought to identify potential sources of heterogeneity. Data on reported daily varicella numbers and meteorological factors were collected for 14 cities in Yunnan Province from 2017 to 2021.

DEAU-Net: Attention networks based on dual encoder for Medical Image Segmentation.

In recent years, variant networks derived from U-Net networks have achieved better results in the field of medical image segmentation. However, we found during our experiments that the current mainstream networks still have certain shortcomings in the learning and extraction of detailed features. Therefore, in this paper, we propose a feature attention network based on dual encoder.

Effect of regional anesthesia and analgesia on long-term survival following abdominal cancer Surgery-A systematic review with meta-analysis.

Background: The impact of regional anesthesia and analgesia (RAA) on long-term survival following cancer surgery is a topic of debate. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of perioperative RAA on long-term oncological outcomes in patients undergoing major abdominal cancer surgery.

Methods: The authors searched computerized databases and reference lists from inception to December 20, 2022.

Better efficacy of triple antibiotics therapy for human brucellosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: The treatment of brucellosis suffers from a high recurrence rate and drug resistance. Our study researched the differences in efficacy and side effects between triple antibiotics therapy and dual antibiotics therapy in the treatment of brucellosis through a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Methods: We searched 4 English electronic databases and 2 Chinese electronic databases for randomized controlled trials and cohort studies published through September 2022 on the use of triple antibiotics versus dual antibiotics in the treatment of brucellosis.

Detection and classification of breast lesions using multiple information on contrast-enhanced mammography by a multiprocess deep-learning system: A multicenter study.

Objective: Accurate detection and classification of breast lesions in early stage is crucial to timely formulate effective treatments for patients. We aim to develop a fully automatic system to detect and classify breast lesions using multiple contrast-enhanced mammography (CEM) images.

Methods: In this study, a total of 1,903 females who underwent CEM examination from three hospitals were enrolled as the training set, internal testing set, pooled external testing set and prospective testing set.

Treating solid tumors with TCR-based chimeric antigen receptor targeting extra domain B-containing fibronectin.

Background: The suppression of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells by the tumor microenvironment (TME) is a crucial obstacle in the T-cell-based treatment of solid tumors. Extra domain B (EDB)-fibronectin is an oncofetal antigen expressed on the endothelium layer of the neovasculature and cancer cells. Though recognized as a T cell therapy target, engineered CAR T cells thus far have failed to demonstrate satisfactory in vivo efficacy.

Non-same-scale feature attention network based on BPD for medical image segmentation.

The accuracy of diagnosis in medical systems requires automatic image segmentation techniques to provide accurate segmented images of lesions. Segmented images need to be more accurate not only in terms of shape size but also in terms of position. In recent years, a large number of deep learning algorithms have worked tirelessly on this goal.

Multitask Deep Learning-Based Whole-Process System for Automatic Diagnosis of Breast Lesions and Axillary Lymph Node Metastasis Discrimination from Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced-MRI: A Multicenter Study.

Background: Accurate diagnosis of breast lesions and discrimination of axillary lymph node (ALN) metastases largely depend on radiologist experience.

Purpose: To develop a deep learning-based whole-process system (DLWPS) for segmentation and diagnosis of breast lesions and discrimination of ALN metastasis.

Study Type: Retrospective.

Resveratrol suppresses neuroinflammation to alleviate mechanical allodynia by inhibiting Janus kinase 2/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 signaling pathway in a rat model of spinal cord injury.

Background: Neuropathic pain (NP) is one of intractable complications of spinal cord injury (SCI) and lacks effective treatment. Resveratrol (Res) has been shown to possess potent anti-inflammatory and anti-nociceptive effects. In this study, we investigated the analgesic effect of Res and its underlying mechanism in a rat model of SCI.