Microglial depletion impairs glial scar formation and aggravates inflammation partly by inhibiting STAT3 phosphorylation in astrocytes after spinal cord injury.

Astrocytes and microglia play an orchestrated role following spinal cord injury; however, the molecular mechanisms through which microglia regulate astrocytes after spinal cord injury are not yet fully understood. Herein, microglia were pharmacologically depleted and the effects on the astrocytic response were examined. We further explored the potential mechanisms involving the signal transducers and activators of transcription 3 (STAT3) pathway.

Ginsenoside Re Improves Isoproterenol-Induced Myocardial Fibrosis and Heart Failure in Rats.

is used widely for treatment of cardiovascular disorders in China. Ginsenoside Re is the main chemical component of . We aimed to investigate the protective effect of ginsenoside Re on isoproterenol-induced myocardial fibrosis and heart failure in rats.

Ginsenoside Re Attenuates Isoproterenol-Induced Myocardial Injury in Rats.

is widely used for treatment of cardiovascular disorders in China. Ginsenoside Re is the main chemical component of . This study aimed to investigate the protective effect of Ginsenoside Re on isoproterenol-induced myocardial injury in rats.

20(S)-Protopanaxadiol-Induced Apoptosis in MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cell Line through the Inhibition of PI3K/AKT/mTOR Signaling Pathway.

20(S)-Protopanaxadiol (PPD) is one of the major active metabolites of ginseng. It has been reported that 20(S)-PPD shows a broad spectrum of antitumor effects. Our research study aims were to investigate whether apoptosis of human breast cancer MCF-7 cells could be induced by 20(S)-PPD by targeting the Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Protein kinase B/Mammalian target of rapamycin (PI3K/AKT/mTOR) signal pathway in vitro and in vivo.

[Transcription of protein arginine N-methyltransferase genes in mouse dorsal root ganglia following peripheral nerve injury].

Objective: To investigate the changes in the transcription of protein arginine methylation enzyme family genes in the dorsal root ganglia (DRG) following peripheral nerve injury in mice.

Methods: C57BL6 mouse models of neuropathic pain induced by peripheral nerve injury were established by bilateral L4 spinal nerve ligation (SNL). At 7 days after SNL or sham operation, the DRG tissue was collected for transcriptional analysis of 9 protein arginine methylation enzyme genes (Prmt1?3, Carm1, and Prmt5?9) using RNA?Seq to identify the differentially expressed genes in the injured DRGs.

Delivery of curcumin by directed self-assembled micelles enhances therapeutic treatment of non-small-cell lung cancer.

Background: It has been widely reported that curcumin (CUR) exhibits anticancer activity and triggers the apoptosis of human A549 non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells. However, its application is limited owing to its poor solubility and bioavailability. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a new CUR formulation with higher water solubility and better biocompatibility for clinical application in the future.

Neurotoxicity Comparison of Two Types of Local Anaesthetics: Amide-Bupivacaine versus Ester-Procaine.

Local anaesthetics (LAs) may lead to neurological complications, but the underlying mechanism is still unclear. Many neurotoxicity research studies have examined different LAs, but none have comprehensively explored the distinct mechanisms of neurotoxicity caused by amide- (bupivacaine) and ester- (procaine) type LAs. Here, based on a CCK8 assay, LDH assay, Rhod-2-AM and JC-1 staining, 2',7'-dichlorohy-drofluorescein diacetate and dihydroethidium probes, an alkaline comet assay, and apoptosis assay, we show that both bupivacaine and procaine significantly induce mitochondrial calcium overload and a decline in the mitochondrial membrane potential as well as overproduction of ROS, DNA damage and apoptosis (P < 0.

Ginsenoside Rg3 Improves Cardiac Function after Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion via Attenuating Apoptosis and Inflammation.

. Ginsenoside Rg3 is one of the ginsenosides which are the main constituents isolated from . Previous study demonstrated that ginsenoside Rg3 had a protective effect against myocardial ischemia/reperfusion- (I/R-) induced injury.

20(S)-Protopanaxadiol induces human breast cancer MCF-7 apoptosis through a caspase-mediated pathway.

20(S)-Protopanaxadiol (PPD), a ginsenoside isolated from Pananx quinquefolium L., has been shown to inhibit growth and proliferation in several cancer cell lines. The aim of this study was to evaluate its anticancer activity in human breast cancer cells.

20(S)-protopanaxadiol triggers mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis in human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells via inhibiting the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.

20(S)-Protopanaxadiol (PPD), an aglycone saponin ginsenoside isolated from Panax quinquefolium L, has been shown to inhibit the growth and proliferation in several cancer lines. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the apoptosis-induced effects and the mechanism of 20(S)-PPD on human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells.

Juglone, from Juglans mandshruica Maxim, inhibits growth and induces apoptosis in human leukemia cell HL-60 through a reactive oxygen species-dependent mechanism.

Juglone, a major chemical constituent of Juglans mandshruica Maxim, is a promising anticancer agent that has shown a strong activity against cancer cells in vitro. Our previous study showed that juglone inhibited the proliferation of HL-60 cells with an IC50 value ∼8 μM. To further explore the proapoptotic mechanism of juglone, we investigated the role of the reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the apoptosis induced by juglone in HL-60 cells.

Ginsenoside Rb3 inhibits angiotensin II-induced vascular smooth muscle cells proliferation.

This study was designed to examine the effect of ginsenoside Rb3 on angiotensin (Ang) II-induced proliferation of cultured rat vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). VSMCs proliferation was evaluated by [3H]Thymidine incorporation. The cell cycle was examined by flow cytometry.

Anti-proliferative effect of Juglone from Juglans mandshurica Maxim on human leukemia cell HL-60 by inducing apoptosis through the mitochondria-dependent pathway.

Induction of apoptosis in tumor cells has become the major focus of anti-tumor therapeutics development. Juglone, a major chemical constituent of Juglans mandshurica Maxim, possesses several bioactivities including anti-tumor. Here, for the first time, we studied the molecular mechanism of Juglone-induced apoptosis in human leukemia HL-60 cells.

[Effects of CASI on myocardial ischemia-reperfusion arrhythmia in rats].

Objective: To observe the protective effect of compound acanthopanax senticosus injection (CASI) on myocardial ischemia-reperfusion arrhythmia in rats.

Method: The myocardial ischemia-reperfusion model was induced by 30 min coronary occulusion and 60 min reperfusion in openchest anesthetized rats. The changes of arrhythmia with electrocardiogram lead II, the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), the contents of malondialdehyde (MDA) and Ca2+ in myocardium were determined.