Topical application of Glauber's salt accelerates the absorption of abdominal fluid after pancreatectomy.

Background: Abdominal fluid collection (AFC) is one of the most common complications after pancreatic surgery, yet there are few recommendations on how to manage it. Most cases of AFC only require observation, while others may require more invasive techniques. Unfortunately, there are no drugs that effectively promote the absorption of AFCs.

Configuration-Mediated Efficient Non-Radiative Transition for R848-Assisted Photothermal Immunotherapy to Inhibit Tumor Growth and Metastasis by An In Situ Tumor Vaccine Strategy.

Cancer metastasis remains a critical factor contributing to the current limitations in cancer treatment. Photothermal immunotherapy has emerged as a safe and potent therapeutic approach, demonstrating the capability to suppress tumor growth and metastasis. While researchers have extensively investigated various structural modifications to enhance photothermal conversion performance, the influence of molecular configuration has received comparatively limited attention.

The causal association between COVID-19 and ischemic stroke: a mendelian randomization study.

Background: Current observational data indicates that ischemic stroke (IS) affects a significant proportion of people with COVID-19. The current study sought to evaluate the causal relationship between COVID-19 and IS.

Methods: A two-sample Mendelian randomization (2 S-MR) approach was used to probe the relationship between genetic determinants of three COVID-19 parameters (SARS-CoV-2 infection, COVID-19 hospitalization, and severe COVID-19) and the incidence of IS based on genome-wide association studies (GWAS) data.

CircRREB1 Mediates Metabolic Reprogramming and Stemness Maintenance to Facilitate Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Progression.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a highly lethal tumor with limited treatment options and poor patient survival. Circular RNAs (circRNA) play crucial regulatory roles in the occurrence and development of various cancers, including PDAC. In this study, using circRNA sequencing of diverse PDAC samples, we identified circRREB1 as an oncogenic circRNA that is significantly upregulated in PDAC and is correlated with an unfavorable patient prognosis.

Identifying the plasma metabolome responsible for mediating immune cell action in severe COVID-19: a Mendelian randomization investigation.

Introduction: The immune response regulates the severity of COVID-19 (sCOVID-19). This study examined the cause-and-effect relationship between immune cell traits (ICTs) and the risk of severe COVID-19. Additionally, we discovered the potential role of plasma metabolome in modulating this risk.

Identifying the risk factors for pancreatic fistula after laparoscopic pancreaticoduodenectomy in patients with pancreatic cancer.

Background: Laparoscopic pancreaticoduodenectomy (LPD) is a surgical procedure for treating pancreatic cancer; however, the risk of complications remains high owing to the wide range of organs involved during the surgery and the difficulty of anastomosis. Pancreatic fistula (PF) is a major complication that not only increases the risk of postoperative infection and abdominal hemorrhage but may also cause multi-organ failure, which is a serious threat to the patient's life. This study hypothesized the risk factors for PF after LPD.

Efficient Quasi-Two-Dimensional Perovskite Light-Emitting Diodes Achieved through the Passivation of Multi-Fluorine Phosphate Molecules.

The surface morphology of perovskite films significantly influences the performance of perovskite light-emitting diodes (PeLEDs). However, the thin perovskite thickness (~10 nm) results in low surface coverage on the substrate, limiting the improvement of photoelectric performance. Here, we propose a molecular additive strategy that employs (FDPP) molecules as additives.

Autophagy-related molecular clusters identified as indicators for distinguishing active and latent TB infection in pediatric patients.

Background: Autophagy is crucial for controlling the manifestation of tuberculosis. This study intends to discover autophagy-related molecular clusters as biomarkers for discriminating between latent tuberculosis (LTBI) and active tuberculosis (ATB) in children through gene expression profile analysis.

Methods: The expression of autophagy modulators was examined in pediatric patients with LTBI and ATB utilizing public datasets from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) collection (GSE39939 and GSE39940).

Self-efficacy with Pelvic floor muscle training mediates the effect of an App-based intervention on improving postpartum urinary incontinence severity among pregnant women: A causal mediation analysis from a randomised controlled trial.

Background: A pragmatic randomised controlled trial has confirmed the effectiveness of Urinary Incontinence for Women (UIW) app-based intervention in improving postpartum urinary incontinence (UI) severity among pregnant women. However, the causal mechanisms underlying this intervention effect remain unclear.

Objective: To examine the mediating role of self-efficacy with pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) on the effect of the UIW app-based intervention in improving postpartum UI severity.

ARID3A enhances chemoresistance of pancreatic cancer via inhibiting PTEN-induced ferroptosis.

Currently, chemotherapy remains occupying a pivotal place in the treatment of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Nonetheless, the emergence of drug resistance in recent years has limited the clinical efficacy of chemotherapeutic agents, especially gemcitabine (GEM). Through bioinformatics analysis, AT-rich Interactive Domain-containing Protein 3A (ARID3A), one of transcription factors, is discovered to possibly participate in this progress.

The role of RNA in the maintenance of chromatin domains as revealed by antibody-mediated proximity labelling coupled to mass spectrometry.

Eukaryotic chromatin is organized into functional domains, that are characterized by distinct proteomic compositions and specific nuclear positions. In contrast to cellular organelles surrounded by lipid membranes, the composition of distinct chromatin domains is rather ill described and highly dynamic. To gain molecular insight into these domains and explore their composition, we developed an antibody-based proximity biotinylation method targeting the RNA and proteins constituents.

Integration of single-nucleus and exosome RNA sequencing dissected inter-cellular communication and biomarkers in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.

Background: Mounting evidence underscores the importance of cell communication within the tumor microenvironment, which is pivotal in tumor proliferation, invasion, and metastasis. Exosomes play a crucial role in cell-to-cell communication. Although single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) provides insights into individual cell transcriptional characteristics, it falls short of comprehensively capturing exosome-mediated intercellular communication.

Intratumoral CD38CD19B cells associate with poor clinical outcomes and immunosuppression in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.

Background: The widespread involvement of tumor-infiltrating B cells highlights their potential role in tumor behavior. However, B cell heterogeneity in PDAC remains unexplored. Studying TIL-Bs in PDAC aims to identify new treatment strategies.

O-GlcNAcylation stimulates the deubiquitination activity of USP16 and regulates cell cycle progression.

Histone 2A monoubiquitination (uH2A) underscores a key epigenetic regulation of gene expression. In this report, we show that the deubiquitinase for uH2A, ubiquitin-specific peptidase 16 (USP16), is modified by O-linked N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc). O-GlcNAcylation involves the installation of the O-GlcNAc moiety to Ser/Thr residues.

Bioinformatics analysis identifies a key gene HLA_DPA1 in severe influenza-associated immune infiltration.

Background: Severe influenza is a serious global health issue that leads to prolonged hospitalization and mortality on a significant scale. The pathogenesis of this infectious disease is poorly understood. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the key genes associated with severe influenza patients necessitating invasive mechanical ventilation.

Identification of apoptosis-related gene signatures as potential biomarkers for differentiating active from latent tuberculosis via bioinformatics analysis.

Background: Apoptosis is associated with the pathogenesis of infection. This study aims to identify apoptosis-related genes as biomarkers for differentiating active tuberculosis (ATB) from latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI).

Methods: The tuberculosis (TB) datasets (GSE19491, GSE62525, and GSE28623) were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database.

CPT1B maintains redox homeostasis and inhibits ferroptosis to induce gemcitabine resistance via the KEAP1/NRF2 axis in pancreatic cancer.

Background: Although we have made progress in treatment and have increased the 5-year survival by ≤30% in pancreatic cancer, chemotherapy resistance remains a major obstacle. However, whether reprogrammed lipid metabolism contributes to chemoresistance still needs to be further studied.

Methods: Gene expression was determined using Western blotting and quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction.

A diagnostic model for distinguishing between active tuberculosis and latent tuberculosis infection based on the blood expression profiles of autophagy-related genes.

Background: Autophagy is closely involved in the control of mycobacterial infection.

Objectives: Here, a diagnostic model was developed using the levels of autophagy-related genes (ARGs) in the blood to differentiate active tuberculosis (ATB) and latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI).

Design: Secondary data analysis of three prospective cohorts.

High-efficiency all-fluorescent white organic light-emitting diode based on TADF material as a sensitizer.

The use of TADF materials as both sensitizers and emitters is a promising route to achieve high-efficiency all-fluorescent white organic light-emitting diodes (WOLEDs). In this study, the thermally-activated delayed-fluorescent (TADF) material DMAC-TRZ (9,9-dimethyl-9,10-dihydroacridine-2,4,6-triphenyl-1,3,5-triazine) was selected as a sensitizer for the conventional fluorescent emitter DCJTB (4-(dicyanomethylene)-2--butyl-6-(1,1,7,7-tetramethyljulolidyl-9-enyl)-4-pyran), which was co-doped in a wide bandgap host of DPEPO (bis[2-(diphenylphosphino)phenyl]ether oxide) to fabricate WOLEDs. For the emitting layer of DPEPO:DMAC-TRZ:DCJTB, the DPEPO host can dilute the exciton concentration formed on the DMAC-TRZ sensitizer, which benefits the suppression of exciton quenching.

Targeting neoadjuvant chemotherapy-induced metabolic reprogramming in pancreatic cancer promotes anti-tumor immunity and chemo-response.

The molecular dynamics of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) under chemotherapy remain incompletely understood. The widespread use of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) provides a unique opportunity to investigate PDAC samples post-chemotherapy. Leveraging a cohort from Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, encompassing PDAC samples with and without exposure to neoadjuvant albumin-bound paclitaxel and gemcitabine (AG), we have compiled data from single-cell and spatial transcriptomes, proteomes, bulk transcriptomes, and metabolomes, deepening our comprehension of the molecular changes in PDACs in response to chemotherapy.

The multi-media environmental behavior of heavy metals around tailings under the influence of precipitation.

Precipitation can lead to significant leaching of heavy metals from abandoned tailings，resulting in a decline in the quality of the surrounding environment. This study aimed to simulate and quantify the migration patterns and fate of heavy metals in tailings caused by precipitation in various environmental media (tailings, air, water, soil, and sediments) using leaching tests, source apportionment, and a fugacity model. Results revealed that the average contents of Cd, Cu, As, Pb, Zn, and Cr in the un-weathered tailings were 3.

Adaptive Frequency Learning Network With Anti-Aliasing Complex Convolutions for Colon Diseases Subtypes.

The automatic and dependable identification of colonic disease subtypes by colonoscopy is crucial. Once successful, it will facilitate clinically more in-depth disease staging analysis and the formulation of more tailored treatment plans. However, inter-class confusion and brightness imbalance are major obstacles to colon disease subtyping.

Source-sink response analysis of heavy metals and soil pollution assessment in non-ferrous metal industrial agglomeration areas based on decision unit.

Soil heavy metals (HMs) pollution is a worldwide concern. In this study, decision units based on "source-sink relationship" were established using multi-source data. The source-sink response of heavy metals in agricultural soils at the regional scale was analyzed using machine learning methods, receptor models, and geospatial analysis.

Determining the soil odor control area: A case study of an abandoned organophosphorus pesticide factory in China.

Currently, soil odor-active substance screening and evaluation methods for contaminated sites are underdeveloped, with unclear treatment objectives and areas. Consequently, some sites suffer from odor issues during and even after remediation. This study focused on an organophosphorus pesticide factory site in Guangdong Province, China.

Exosomes from TNF-α preconditioned human umbilical cord mesenchymal stromal cells inhibit the autophagy of acinar cells of severe acute pancreatitis via shuttling bioactive metabolites.

Severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) is a common critical disease of the digestive system, with high mortality and a lack of effective prevention and treatment measures. Despite mesenchymal stromal cell transplantation having the potential to treat SAP, its clinical application prospect is limited, and the mechanism is unclear. Here, we reveal the therapeutic role of exosomes from TNF-α-preconditioned human umbilical cord mesenchymal stromal cells (HUCMSCs) in attenuating SAP and show that it is partly dependent on exosomal metabolites.