Treatment of six cases of left renal nutcracker phenomenon: surgery and endografting.

Objective: A retrospective study was undertaken to examine therapeutic strategies used in 6 patients with left renal venal nutcracker phenomenon.

Methods: Three patients underwent surgical transposition of the superior mesenteric artery. Three patients underwent endograft stent implantations with intervention.

Spatial patterning of colloidal nanoparticle-based thin film by a combinative technique of layer-by-layer self-assembly and lithography.

A novel approach to generating clear patterns of different types of nanoparticles is presented in this paper. Nanoassembly in the vertical direction was combined with planar micropatterning. This provides industrial applications of a popular layer-by-layer method to produce multilayers of polymers, nanoparticles, and proteins organized on the nanometer scale.

[Arthroscopic double-bundle posterior cruciate ligament reconstruction using quadriceps tendon-patellar bone autograft].

Objective: To describe an alternative procedure of arthroscopic posterior cruciate ligament reconstruction using quadriceps tendon-patellar bone autograft and evaluate the early stage follow-up results.

Methods: Twenty consecutive cases of isolated and combined posterior cruciate ligament deficiency were studied. Quadriceps tendon with patellar bone block was used for preparation of Y-shaped autograft.

Intraparenchymal schwannoma of the medulla oblongata. Case report.

A 48-year-old man presented with a rare intraparenchymal schwannoma of the medulla oblongata. After he underwent gamma knife surgery, the patient's condition deteriorated and the mass, which at the time was thought to be a glioma, became larger on magnetic resonance images. The mass was resected through a suboccipital craniectomy via the transcerebellomedullary fissure approach.

Repeated generalized audiogenic seizures induce plastic changes on acoustically evoked neuronal firing in the amygdala.

Repetition of audiogenic seizures (AGS) (AGS kindling) results in increases in the duration of convulsive behavior and the emergence of cortical epileptiform EEG activity. These changes involve expansion of the neuronal network subserving these seizures. The amygdala (AMG) is postulated to become involved in this expanded network, but the neurophysiological basis of this process is unknown.

Macroporous poly(L-lactide) scaffold 1. Preparation of a macroporous scaffold by liquid--liquid phase separation of a PLLA--dioxane--water system.

A biodegradable poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA) macroporous scaffold with a regular and highly interconnected structure in the size range from 50 to 150 mu m was fabricated from a PLLA--dioxane--water ternary system with the use of the thermally induced phase separation (TIPS) process. The phase diagram of PLLA with molecular weight above 200,000 was measured. It was found that a small change in the water content in the solvent caused a large shift in the cloud-point temperature.