Genome-wide association study and transcriptome analysis reveal the genetic basis underlying the environmental adaptation of plant height in a woody plant.

Studies on plant height have been conducted in several crops. However, the underlying genetic mechanisms in woody plants remain unclear. To improve the genetic understanding of plant height, the genome-wide association study (GWAS) was conducted on the 298 individuals of paper mulberry (Broussonetia papyrifera), and the individuals with the highest and lowest plant heights were selected for comparative transcriptome analysis.

Study on the stability and magnetically induced demulsification performance of Pickering emulsions based on arginine-modified lignin/FeO nanoparticles.

In this study, four different arginine-modified lignin composites (Lig-Arg-x) were synthesized via the Mannich reaction, followed by the preparation of Lig-Arg-x/FeO magnetic nanoparticles (NPs) using hydrothermal reduction. The magnetic particles were characterized, and their emulsification properties were investigated. The highest grafting degree was achieved at a 1:1 M ratio of arginine to lignin.

Efficient uranium(VI) recovery from fluorinated wastewater via deferiprone ligand complexation.

Extracting uranium (U(VI)) from fluoride-rich radioactive wastewater is of great significance for the development of nuclear energy and environmental remediation. The presence of thermodynamically stable [UOF] (n = 0, 1, 2, 3, 4) aqueous complexes in fluoride-rich U(VI)-containing wastewater significantly hinders the efficiency of uranyl extraction and recovery using conventional methods. In this study, we report a direct precipitation method using deferiprone ligands for efficient uranyl extraction from fluoride-rich wastewater that offsets the preparation of solid materials.

Visible-Light-Induced Cascade Radical Trifluoromethylation/Cyclization/Dearomatization of Isocyanide-Containing Indoles: Synthesis of Trifluoromethylated 3-Spiroindolines.

A visible-light-induced cascade radical trifluoromethylation/cyclization/dearomatization reaction between isocyanide-containing indoles and CFBr has been developed to afford trifluoromethylated spiro[indole-3,3-quinoline] and spiro [indole-3,3-pyrrole] derivatives in good yields. The utility of the process is demonstrated by a scale-up experiment. The mechanism was proposed based on the control experiments.

Characteristic volatile compounds of white tea with different storage times using E-nose, HS-GC-IMS, and HS-SPME-GC-MS.

This paper studied the influence of storage duration on the flavor profile of white tea in detail, with samples produced between 2020 and 2023. Sensory evaluation was performed by quantitative descriptive analysis (QDA), followed by an in-depth aroma components analysis employing an electronic nose (E-nose), headspace gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry (HS-GC-IMS), and headspace solid-phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC-MS). The QDA findings revealed a gradual transition in the flavor profile of white tea during storage, shifting from sweet, fruity, and floral to more herbal and stale characteristics.

Formal 1,1-Hydrocyanation Reaction of Alkynyl Halides with Isocyanides Enabled by Dual Nickel/Base Catalysis Relay.

We herein describe a formal 1,1-hydrocyanation reaction of alkynyl halides with isocyanides enabled by a dual nickel/base catalysis relay. -Butyl isocyanide serves as a "HCN" precursor that is introduced to the α-position of alkynyl halides, and the halogen atom is moved to the β-position. As a result, a series of ()-3-bromo/iodo acrylonitrile derivatives could be obtained in moderate yields.

Smad1 Promotes Tumorigenicity and Chemoresistance of Glioblastoma by Sequestering p300 From p53.

Acetylation is critically required for p53 activation, though it remains poorly understood how p53 acetylation is regulated in glioblastoma (GBM). This study reveals that p53 acetylation is a favorable prognostic marker for GBM, regardless of p53 status, and that Smad1, a key negative regulator of p53 acetylation, is involved in this process. Smad1 forms a complex with p53 and p300, inhibiting p300's interaction with p53 and leading to reduced p53 acetylation and increased Smad1 acetylation in GBM.

E3 ubiquitination ligase XIAP lightens diabetes-induced cognitive impairment by inactivating TXNIP-ERS-mediated neuronal injury.

Diabetes-induced cognitive dysfunction (DCD) is a neurological disorder associated with diabetes, characterized by cognitive impairment driven by neuronal injury from chronic high glucose (HG) exposure. This study aims to elucidate the role and mechanisms of the X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP)/thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) in hippocampal neuron cell death and cognitive function within DCD models. A diabetic rat model was established using a high-fat/sucrose diet and streptozotocin injection.

Instruments to Assess Transition Readiness Among Adolescents With Chronic Disease: A COSMIN Systematic Review of Measurement Properties.

Background: Transition readiness is a key predictor of the success of the medical transition. There are numerous categories of assessment instruments for transition readiness in adolescents with chronic disease, but systematic integration and standardized evaluation of instruments are limited regarding measurement properties, complicating the selection of scientifically valid and reasonable instruments. This review aimed to critically appraise, compare, and summarize the transition readiness assessment instruments in adolescents with chronic diseases.

Fully Automated and AI-Assisted Optical Fiber Sensing System for Multiplexed and Continuous Brain Monitoring.

Continuous and comprehensive brain monitoring is crucial for timely identification of changes or deterioration in brain function, enabling prompt intervention and personalized treatments. However, existing brain monitoring systems struggle to offer continuous and accurate monitoring of multiple brain biomarkers simultaneously. This study introduces a multiplexed optical fiber sensing system for continuous and simultaneous monitoring of six cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers using tip-functionalized optical fibers and computational algorithms.

Quantum spin Hall states in MX (M = Ru, Os; X = As, Sb) monolayers.

The quantum spin Hall (QSH) effect has attracted extensive research interest due to its great promise in topological quantum computing and novel low-energy electronic devices. Here, using first-principles calculations, we find that MX (M = Ru and Os; X = As and Sb) monolayers are 2D topological insulators (TIs). The spin-orbit coupling (SOC) band gaps for RuAs, RuSb, OsAs, and OsSb monolayers are predicted to be 80, 131, 118, and 221 meV, respectively.

Vaginal Cuff Dehiscence and Small Intestinal Prolapse in a Middle-Aged Woman Due to Ring Pessary Use.

Objective: Vaginal cuff rupture is a rare but serious postoperative complication predominantly occurring after hysterectomy. Given that it can lead to partial or total evisceration, bowel strangulation, sepsis, and acute mesenteric ischemia. Any instance of this complication should be treated as a surgical emergency.

Decreased lncRNA HNF4A-AS1 facilitates resistance to sorafenib-induced ferroptosis of hepatocellular carcinoma by reprogramming lipid metabolism.

Resistance to sorafenib remains a major challenge in the systemic therapy of liver cancer. However, the involvement of lipid metabolism-related lncRNAs in this process remains unclear. Different expression levels of lipid metabolism-related lncRNAs in HCC were compared by analysis of Gene Expression Omnibus and The Cancer Genome Atlas databases.

Treatment of recurrent tracheal adenoid cystic carcinoma with a covered airway stent loaded with Iodine-125 seeds: a 5-year follow-up case report.

Background: The treatment of recurrent tracheal adenoid cystic carcinoma (TACC), a rare pulmonary malignant tumor, typically involves bronchoscopic interventional therapy for patients ineligible for surgery or external radiotherapy. This report describes an innovative treatment approach for TACC, initially managed with interventional bronchoscopy and subsequently with a Y-shaped airway stent loaded with I seeds, following recurrence after 2 years.

Case Presentation: A 50-year-old man presented with intermittent coughing for 2 months and was admitted to the hospital after the discovery of TACC a month earlier.

Human and natural factors affect habitat quality in ecologically fragile areas: evidence from Songnen Plain, China.

Habitat quality (HQ) has been progressively degrading worldwide in recent decades due to rapid climate change and intensive human activities. These changes not only threaten biodiversity and ecosystem functions, but also impact socio-economic development. Therefore, a few studies have focused on the dynamics of HQ and its natural and anthropogenic drivers.

[Soil Fertility and Influencing Factors of Cultivated Land Based on the Geodetector].

Taihe County in Jiangxi Province was chosen as the study area to analyze the soil fertility condition and affecting elements of cultivation at the county level. Classical statistics, geostatistics, and geodetector were utilized to examine soil fertility quality and investigate its primary affecting aspects based on experimental data from 206 cultivated soil samples. The results showed that： ① Taihe County had an average soil pH of 4.

Constructing a LiO/LiZn Mixed Ionic Electron Conductive Layer by Ultrasonic Spraying to Enhance Li/Garnet Solid Electrolyte Interface Stability for Solid-State Batteries.

Garnet-type LiGaLaZrO(LGLZO) is believed to be a promising solid electrolyte for solid-state batteries due to its high ionic conductivity, safety, and good stability toward Li. However, one of the most challenges in practical application of LGLZO is the poor contact between Li and LGLZO. Herein, a ZnO layer is prepared on the surface of LGLZO pellet by ultrasonic spraying.

Machine learning based metabolomic and genetic profiles for predicting multiple brain phenotypes.

Background: It is unclear regarding the association between metabolomic state/genetic risk score(GRS) and brain volumes and how much of variance of brain volumes is attributable to metabolomic state or GRS.

Methods: Our analysis included 8635 participants (52.5% females) aged 40-70 years at baseline from the UK Biobank.

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances, apolipoproteins and the risk of coronary heart disease in US men and women.

Background: Existing evidence for associations of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) with blood lipids, lipoproteins and apolipoproteins (apo), and coronary heart disease (CHD) risk is limited and inconsistent. This study aims to explore associations between plasma PFASs, blood lipoprotein subspecies defined by apolipoproteins, and CHD risk.

Methods: A case-control study of CHD was conducted in the Health Professionals Follow-Up Study (HPFS) and Nurses' Health Study (NHS).