Surgical treatment of pectus excavatum: 30 years 398 patients of experiences.

Purpose: The aim of the study is to review the surgical experiences with pectus excavatum (PE) chest deformities at the Department of Pediatric Surgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University (Sichuan, PR China), during a 30-year period.

Method: Records of 398 PE patients (396 congenital, 2 acquired) who underwent surgical repair between 1975 and 2005 were reviewed. Modified sternal elevation was applied in all patients.

[Clinical characteristics of Bochdalek hernia in neonates and infants].

Objective: To summarize the clinical characteristics, diagnosis and treatment of Bochdalek hernia in neonates and infants.

Methods: The data of 15 neonates and 10 infants with Bochdalek hernia,undergoing the normal diagnosis and surgical repair from August 1983 to June 2004, were retrospectively reviewed. Location was left in 22 cases and right in 3 cases.

Surgical treatment of jugular vein phlebectasia in children.

Background: Jugular vein phlebectasia (JVP) is a cervical mass that occurs relatively infrequently and usually presents in children as a soft cystic swelling in the neck during straining. It is liable to be misdiagnosed or managed inappropriately. This report elucidates the clinical presentation, diagnosis, treatment choices, and postoperative complications of JVP, and diagnostic methods and treatment choices are recommended.

[Analysis of shape and retractability of the prepuce in 1,015 Chinese boys aged from 0 to 18 years old].

Objective: To evaluate the characteristics of the preputial development in Chinese boys and indications as well as occasion of circumcision.

Methods: The shape and retractability of prepuce were evaluated in 1,015 Chinese boys from 0 to 18 years old without heteroplasia of prepuce and penis.

Results: Ratio of children with phimosis decreases progressively with increasing age, from 64.

[The outcome of modified procedure for pectus carinatum correction].

Objective: To improve the surgical procedure to correct pectus carinatum.

Methods: From 1990 to 2003, 9 patients with pectus carinatum were treated, whose ages ranged from 3 years and 6 months to 16 years. The conventional operation was performed on 4 patients, the modified procedure on 5 patients.

Congenital jugular vein phlebectasia.

Background/purpose: The purpose of the present study was to elucidate the clinical presentation, diagnosis, treatment, and postoperative complications of jugular vein phlebectasia (JVP), and to recommend diagnostic methods and treatment choices.

Materials And Methods: Thirty-six cases of JVP were reviewed (right vein in 27, left in 6, and bilateral in 3). The internal jugular veins were the most commonly involved.

Toll-like receptor 4 detected in exocrine pancreas and the change of expression in cerulein-induced pancreatitis.

Objectives: To detect Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) expression and distribution in rat pancreas and the change of TLR4 expression in cerulein-induced pancreatitis (CIP).

Methods: Acute pancreatitis was induced by subcutaneous injections of cerulein at a total dose of 20 microg/kg. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was used to detect and localize TLR4 in rat pancreas, and real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to quantitatively determine the expression of TLR4 mRNA in CIP.

[Surgical correction of Poland's syndrome in children].

Objective: To introduce a method of the surgical correction of Poland's syndrome in children.

Methods: From May 1990 to May 2002, 3 female children with Poland's syndrome were treated. One child of 12 years old with defects of the right second and third costal cartilages, pectoralis major and pectoralis minor underwent repair of chest wall with graft of autologous costal cartilage from left sixth costal cartilage and transfer of the latissimus dorsi flap.

[Purification, induced differentiation and identification of rat embryonic neural stem cells].

The methods of purification, expanding, marking, conservation, induced differentiation and identification of neural stem cells (NSCs) in vitro were explored for further research and treatment of tethered cord syndrome in children and other neural system diseases. The cells derived from the cerebral cortex of frontal lobe in 14.5 d rat embryos were maintained in serum-free DMEM/F12 medium containing 20 ng/ml bFGF, 20 ng/ml EGF and B27 supplement.

[A new procedure in making reliable experimental models of gastroesophageal reflux].

Objective: To provide a reliable experimental model for gastroesophageal reflux (GER) study.

Methods: Twenty Japan 5-month-old male rabbits were randomly divided into two groups: group cardiomyotomy (n=10), group partial cardiomyectomy (n=10). The operations of cardiomyotomy and parital cardiomyectomy were performed in 2 groups respectively.

[Triplex operations for children with extrahepatic portal hypertension].

Objective: To evaluate the effect of triplex operations (splenopneumopexy, portal azygous devascularization and ligation of splenic artery) for children with extrahepatic portal hypertension.

Methods: From March 1993 to November 1998, 7 children with extrahepatic portal hypertension underwent triplex operations. The diagnosis for these patients were confirmed by gastroscopy, barium meal and Doppler ultrasonography.

[Comparative study on a short-term curative result between Nissen, Thal and Toupet fundoplications].

Objective: To compare the short-term curative results between Nissen, Thal and Toupet fundoplications in treatment of gastroesophageal reflux (GER) and to provide the basis for operative procedure.

Methods: Thirty-three male Japan rabbits were randomly divided into six groups: group reflux (n = 7), transabdominal Heller's esophagomyotomy (TAHE); group Nissen (n = 7), TAHE and Nissen fundoplication; group Thal (n = 7), TAHE and Thal fundoplication; group Toupet (n = 7), TAHE and Toupet fundoplication; control group (n = 5), ventrotomy. The anti-reflux efficacy of fundoplication was evaluated by intraesophageal pH monitoring and MGV (maximal gastric volume sustained by lower esophageal sphincter) 4 weeks postoperatively.

Ureteral triplication: the first report in China.

Ureteral triplication is a rare congenital anomaly of the urinary tract. Since the first description of ureteral triplication by Wrany in 1870, only about 100 cases have been reported in the literature. Pediatric cases are very few.

Effect of epidermal growth factor on pulmonary hypoplasia in experimental diaphragmatic hernia.

Background/purpose: Currently, tracheal occlusion (TO) is a potent stimulus for fetal lung growth but also a rather invasive and high-risk procedure. The aim of this study was to investigate a new and much less invasive therapeutic strategy, namely the maternal intraperitoneal administration of epidermal growth factor (EGF) and its effect on pulmonary hypoplasia in the nitrofen-induced congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) rat model, especially its effect on type II pneumocytes.

Methods: CDH was induced by maternal administration of a single oral dose (100 mg) of nitrofen on day 8.

Single ureteral ectopia with congenital renal dysplasia.

Purpose: We reviewed the clinicopathological features and surgical management of 16 cases of single ureteral ectopia with congenital renal dysplasia.

Materials And Methods: Excretory urography, retrograde ureterography, computerized tomography, diuretic B-mode ultrasound (B-US) and color Doppler imaging (CDI) were performed in 16 females. Explorative operations were performed in all 16 patients and renal dysplasia was further confirmed by pathological examination.

Triplex operation for children with extrahepatic portal hypertension.

Background/purpose: How to deal with the vexatious problem of esophageal and gastric varices secondary to extrahepatic portal hypertension has been discussed extensively among pediatric surgeons around the world. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of triplex operation (splenopneumopexy, portal azygous devascularization, and ligation of splenic artery) for children with portal hypertension in the author's hospital.

Methods: From March 1993 to November 1998, 7 children with extrahepatic portal hypertension were admitted to the author's hospital to undergo triplex operation.