Oral ADC189 for Adults and Adolescents with Uncomplicated Influenza.

Objectives: ADC189 is a novel anti-influenza virus inhibitor. In this study, we aimed to evaluated the safety and efficacy of ADC189 in outpatients with uncomplicated influenza infection.

Methods: In the phase 2 trial, we assigned patients in a 2:2:1 ratio to receive either single dose 15-mg or 45-mg of ADC189 or placebo.

Spatial covariance reveals isothiocyanate natural products adjust redox stress to restore function in alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency.

Alpha-1 antitrypsin (AAT) deficiency (AATD) is a monogenic disease caused by misfolding of AAT variants resulting in gain-of-toxic aggregation in the liver and loss of monomer activity in the lung leading to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Using high-throughput screening, we discovered a bioactive natural product, phenethyl isothiocyanate (PEITC), highly enriched in cruciferous vegetables, including watercress and broccoli, which improves the level of monomer secretion and neutrophil elastase (NE) inhibitory activity of AAT-Z through the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) redox sensor protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) A4 (PDIA4). The intracellular polymer burden of AAT-Z can be managed by combination treatment of PEITC and an autophagy activator.

Clinical value of -glutamyl transpeptidase to platelet ratio and triglyceride measurement in the diagnosis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: A cross-sectional study.

Objective: In clinical practice, there are few effective biomarkers for identifying non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The aim of this study is to investigate the diagnostic value of γ-glutamyl transpeptidase to platelet ratio (GPR) combined with triglyceride (TG) in NAFLD.

Methods: A total of 14,415 individuals participated in the annual physical examination.

Viral infection and spread are inhibited by the polyubiquitination and downregulation of TRPV2 channel by the interferon-stimulated gene TRIM21.

Interferon (IFN) contributes to the host's antiviral response by inducing IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs). However, their functional targets and the mechanism of action remain elusive. Here, we report that one such ISG, TRIM21, interacts with and degrades the TRPV2 channel in myeloid cells, reducing its expression and providing host protection against viral infections.

The HEAT repeat protein HPO-27 is a lysosome fission factor.

Lysosomes are degradation and signalling centres crucial for homeostasis, development and ageing. To meet diverse cellular demands, lysosomes remodel their morphology and function through constant fusion and fission. Little is known about the molecular basis of fission.

Causal analysis of coach and bus accidents in China based on road alignments.

Given the complexity and the difficulty of controlling contributors effectively, road passenger transport often results in serious injuries and fatalities. The purpose of this study is to identify the main contributors to coach and bus accidents and to provide policy recommendations for making improvements in accident prevention. The Driving Reliability and Error Analysis Method 3.

Electroencephalographic Measurement on Post-stroke Sensory Deficiency in Response to Non-painful Cold Stimulation.

Background: Reduced elementary somatosensation is common after stroke. However, the measurement of elementary sensation is frequently overlooked in traditional clinical assessments, and has not been evaluated objectively at the cortical level. This study designed a new configuration for the measurement of post-stroke elementary thermal sensation by non-painful cold stimulation (NPCS).

Engineering a Synthetic Pathway for Tyrosol Synthesis in .

Tyrosol is an aromatic compound with great value that is widely used in the food and pharmaceutical industry. In this study, we reported a synthetic pathway for converting -coumaric acid (-CA) into tyrosol in . We found that the enzyme cascade comprising ferulic acid decarboxylase (FDC1) from , styrene monooxygenase (SMO), styrene oxide isomerase (SOI) from , and phenylacetaldehyde reductase (PAR) from could efficiently synthesize tyrosol from -CA with a conversion rate over 90%.

Impairments of cortico-cortical connectivity in fine tactile sensation after stroke.

Background: Fine tactile sensation plays an important role in motor relearning after stroke. However, little is known about its dynamics in post-stroke recovery, principally due to a lack of effective evaluation on neural responses to fine tactile stimulation. This study investigated the post-stroke alteration of cortical connectivity and its functional structure in response to fine tactile stimulation via textile fabrics by electroencephalogram (EEG)-derived functional connectivity and graph theory analyses.

An Exoneuromusculoskeleton for Self-Help Upper Limb Rehabilitation After Stroke.

This article presents a novel electromyography (EMG)-driven exoneuromusculoskeleton that integrates the neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES), soft pneumatic muscle, and exoskeleton techniques, for self-help upper limb training after stroke. The developed system can assist the elbow, wrist, and fingers to perform sequential arm reaching and withdrawing tasks under voluntary effort control through EMG, with a lightweight, compact, and low-power requirement design. The pressure/torque transmission properties of the designed musculoskeletons were quantified, and the assistive capability of the developed system was evaluated on patients with chronic stroke ( = 10).

Neuro-perceptive discrimination on fabric tactile stimulation by Electroencephalographic (EEG) spectra.

The precise evaluation of sensory perceptions during fabric-skin interactions is still poorly understood in neuroscience. This study aims to investigate the cortical sensory response to fabric stimuli with different textiles by Electroencephalographic (EEG) spectral intensities, and evaluate the relationships between EEG frequency bands, traditional subjective questionnaires, and the materials' physical properties. Twelve healthy adult participants were recruited to test three fabrics with different textile compositions of 1) cotton, 2) nylon, and 3) polyester and wool.

Bufalin attenuates triple-negative breast cancer cell stemness by inhibiting the expression of SOX2/OCT4.

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) has the poorest prognosis among all types of breast cancer and there is yet no effective therapy. Chemotherapy is the traditional standard of care for patients with TNBC; however, treatment of TNBC with chemotherapy may lead to the enrichment of cancer stem cells (CSCs), which exhibitan enhanced capacity for self-renewal, tumor initiation and metastasis. The present study demonstrated that bufalin, a small molecular compound used in traditional Chinese medicine, exerted anticancer effects on a wide range of cancer cell lines, inhibited cell proliferation through inducing G2/M cell cycle arrest, and triggered apoptosis in the TNBC cell lines MDA-MB-231 and HCC-1937.

MEX3A promotes triple negative breast cancer proliferation and migration via the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) has the characteristics of fast growth, easy invasion, metastasis, poor prognosis, low tumor-free survival rate and overall survival rate. In this study, the RNA-binding protein MEX3A was selected by using the methods of TCGA database analysis, mRNA microarrays, and tissue chip immunohistochemistry experiments. The high expression of MEX3A is associated with malignancy and poor prognosis of TNBC.

Measurement of sensory deficiency in fine touch after stroke during textile fabric stimulation by electroencephalography (EEG).

Objective: Sensory deficiency of fine touch limits the restoration of motor functions after stroke, and its evaluation was seldom investigated from a neurological perspective. In this study, we investigated the cortical response measured by electroencephalography (EEG) on the fine touch sensory impairment during textile fabric stimulation after stroke.

Approach: Both participants with chronic stroke (n = 12, stroke group) and those unimpaired (n = 15, control group) were recruited.

Hysteresis Modelling and Feedforward Control of Piezoelectric Actuator Based on Simplified Interval Type-2 Fuzzy System.

The piezoelectric actuator is indispensable for driving the micro-manipulator. In this paper, a simplified interval type-2 (IT2) fuzzy system is proposed for hysteresis modelling and feedforward control of a piezoelectric actuator. The partial derivative of the output of IT2 fuzzy system with respect to the modelling parameters can be analytically computed with the antecedent part of IT2 fuzzy rule specifically designed.

Rotation velocity detection with orbital angular momentum light spot completely deviated out of the rotation center.

Based on the rotational Doppler effect, an orbital angular momentum beam can measure the lateral rotation velocity of an object, which has broad application prospects. However, all existing research focus on the light spot center coinciding with the rotation center, or only with small center offset. This is difficult to ensure in remote detection applications.

Super-resolved angular displacement estimation based upon a Sagnac interferometer and parity measurement.

Super-resolved angular displacement estimation is of crucial significance to the field of quantum information processing. Here we report an estimation protocol based on a Sagnac interferometer fed by a coherent state carrying orbital angular momentum. In a lossless scenario, through the use of parity measurement, our protocol can achieve a 4ℓ-fold super-resolved output with quantum number ℓ; meanwhile, a shot-noise-limited sensitivity saturating the quantum Cramér-Rao bound is reachable.

[Analysis of Gene Mutation Types in 920 Cases of Thalassemia].

Objective: To investigate the gene mutation types and distribution features of α- and β-thalassemia in reproductive population of Xing bin district of Guangxi Lai bin city so as to provide the scientific basis for formulating the preventive and control measures.

Methods: The high risk population with thalassemia in 6 498 people of child-bearing age admited in department of antenatal care of our hospital from January 2017 to December 2017 were screened by blood cell test and hemoglobin electrophoresis. The gene mutation types and mutation frequency in αandβthalassemia positive cases were diagnosed and analyzied by Gap-PCR and PCR-RDB.

Distinct roles of two myosins in C. elegans spermatid differentiation.

During spermatogenesis, interconnected haploid spermatids segregate undesired cellular contents into residual bodies (RBs) before detaching from RBs. It is unclear how this differentiation process is controlled to produce individual spermatids or motile spermatozoa. Here, we developed a live imaging system to visualize and investigate this process in C.

Tried-and-true binary strategy for angular displacement estimation based upon fidelity appraisal.

We demonstrate a tried-and-true binary strategy for angular displacement estimation, of which the measuring system is a modified Mach-Zehnder interferometer fed by a coherent state carrying orbital angular momentum, and two Dove prisms are embedded in two arms. Unlike previous protocols, in this paper, we use fidelity instead of standard deviation to evaluate the detection strategies. Two binary strategy candidates, parity detection and Z detection, are considered and compared.

Super-sensitive angular displacement estimation via an SU(1,1)-SU(2) hybrid interferometer.

In this paper, we propose a protocol for the estimation of angular displacement based upon orbital angular momentum and an SU(1,1)-SU(2) hybrid interferometer. This interferometer consists of an optical parametric amplifier, a beam splitter, and reflection mirrors; the balanced homodyne detection is used as the detection strategy. The results indicate that super-resolution and super-sensitivity can be achieved with an ideal scenario.

Alteration of gene expression profile in CD3 T-cells after downregulating MALT1.

Background: T cell immunodeficiency is a common feature in patients with different kinds of hematological disease such as T cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (T-NHL), B cells NHL (B-NHL), NK/T cell NHL (NK/T-CL) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML). In our recent research, we found that significantly lower expression levels in MALT1 and NF-κB were related to suppression of T cell activation. Therefore, this study was conducted to further investigate the role of downregulating MALT1 in the development of immunodeficiency in T cells.

Does time-lapse imaging have favorable results for embryo incubation and selection compared with conventional methods in clinical in vitro fertilization? A meta-analysis and systematic review of randomized controlled trials.

Objective: The present study aimed to undertake a review of available evidence assessing whether time-lapse imaging (TLI) has favorable outcomes for embryo incubation and selection compared with conventional methods in clinical in vitro fertilization (IVF).

Methods: Using PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane library and ClinicalTrial.gov up to February 2017 to search for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing TLI versus conventional methods.