A secreted fungal laccase targets the receptor kinase OsSRF3 to inhibit OsBAK1-OsSRF3-mediated immunity in rice.

The identification effector targets and characterization of their functions are crucial for understanding pathogen infection mechanisms and components of plant immunity. Here, we identify the effector UgsL, a ustilaginoidin synthetase with a key role in regulating virulence of the rice false smut fungus Ustilaginoidea virens. Heterologous expression of UgsL in rice (Oryza sativa) enhances plant susceptibility to multiple pathogens, and host-induced gene silencing of UgsL enhances plant resistance to U.

A microfluidic-based chemiluminescence biosensor for sensitive multiplex detection of exosomal microRNAs based on hybridization chain reaction.

The analysis of microRNAs (miRNAs) in exosomes is of great importance for noninvasive early disease diagnosis. However, current techniques to detect exosomal miRNAs is hampered either by laborious exosome isolation or low abundance of miRNAs in exosomes. Here, we developed a microfluidic chemiluminescence (CL) analysis method for the multiplexed detection of exosomal miR-21 and miR-155.

Isotope-Based Characterization of Soil Elemental Mercury Emissions from Historical Mercury Mining Areas: Driving Pathways and Relative Contributions.

Photo-, microbial, and abiotic dark reduction of soil mercury (Hg) may all lead to elemental mercury (Hg(0)) emissions. Utilizing lab incubations, isotope signatures of Hg(0) emitted from mining soils were characterized to quantify the interplay and contributions of various Hg reduction pathways, which have been scarcely studied. At 15 °C, microbial reduced Hg(0) showed a negative mass-dependent fractionation (MDF) (δHg = -0.

Adaptive Channel Allocation for Robust Differentiable Architecture Search.

Differentiable architecture search (DARTS) has attracted much attention due to its simplicity and significant improvement in efficiency. However, the excessive accumulation of the skip connection, when training epochs become large, makes it suffer from weak stability and low robustness, thus limiting its practical applications. Many works have attempted to restrict the accumulation of skip connections by indicators or manual design.

Turning the industrially relevant marine alga Nannochloropsis red: one move for multifaceted benefits.

Nannochloropsis oceanica is an industrially relevant marine microalga rich in eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, a valuable ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid), yet the algal production potential remains to be unlocked. Here we engineered N. oceanica to synthesize the high-value carotenoid astaxanthin independent of high-light (HL) induction for achieving multifaceted benefits.

Four novel species of collected from freshwater habitats in Jiangxi Province, China.

During an investigation of fungal diversity from freshwater environments in different regions in Jiangxi Province, China, four interesting species were collected. Morphology coupled with combined gene analysis of an ITS, LSU, SSU, and DNA sequence data showed that they belong to the family . Four new species, , , , and are herein described.

Lactate-mitochondrial crosstalk: A new direction in the treatment of sepsis-induced acute kidney injury.

Independent risk factors for sepsis-associated acute kidney injury (S-AKI) patients include elevated lactate levels, but the specific mechanism remains unclear. Recently, An et al. discovered that excessive acetylation and inactivation of PDHA1 lead to overproduction of lactate, resulting in mitochondrial fragmentation, ATP depletion, excessive mtROS production, and mitochondrial apoptosis, thereby exacerbating AKI in sepsis.

Postoperative clearance of high-risk human papillomavirus for patients with high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion: Conization versus hysterectomy.

To compare the clearance rate of high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) in patients with high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) after 2 different treatments (conization vs hysterectomy), and investigate the influencing factors. A retrospective cohort was established in HSIL patients with HR-HPV infection treated with conization or hysterectomy from July 2020 to May 2022. Age matching (1:1) was conducted between conization group and hysterectomy group.

Relationship between TIGIT expression on T cells and the prognosis of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background: Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) combined with targeted therapy and immunotherapy can significantly improve the prognosis of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). T-cell immunoreceptor with immunoglobulin and immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif domains (TIGIT) is a novel immunosuppressive molecule. This study aimed to analyze the clinical correlation between TIGIT expression on T cells and patients with HCC.

Occurrence and risk assessment of quinolones and sulfonamides in freshwater aquaculture ponds in Northeast Zhejiang, China.

Antibiotics play an essential role in the aquaculture industry, but their overuse and weak degradability inevitably lead to light to severe residues in natural and aquaculture environments. Most studies were interested in the occurrence, distribution, and ecological risks of a limited number of antibiotics in natural environments (rivers, lakes, and coastal regions) with a minor focus on antibiotic presence in either water, sediments, or organisms in aquaculture environments located in specific regions. In this study, we conducted a comprehensive investigation into the occurrence and distribution of up to 32 antibiotics [including 15 quinolones (QNs) and 17 sulfonamides (SAs)] in organisms and their corresponding environmental matrices from 26 freshwater aquaculture ponds in Northeast Zhejiang, China.

A novel computed tomography enterography radiomics combining intestinal and creeping fat features could predict surgery risk in patients with Crohn's disease.

Objective: The objective of this study is to segment creeping fat and intestinal wall on computed tomography enterography (CTE) and develop a radiomic model to predict 1-year surgery risk in patients with Crohn's disease.

Methods: This retrospective study included 135 Crohn's disease patients who underwent CTE between January and December 2021 (training cohort) and 69 patients between January and June 2022 (test cohort). A total of 1874 radiomic features were extracted from the intestinal wall and creeping fat respectively on the venous phase CTE images, and radiomic models were constructed based on the selected features using the Boruta and extreme gradient boosting algorithms.

TACE Combined with Portal Vein Tumor Thrombus I Seed Implantation in the Treatment of HCC with Hepatic Arterioportal Shunts.

Background And Objectives: Transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) and I seed implantation are methods used to treat hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with portal vein tumor thrombus (PVTT), PVTT often associated with arterioportal shunts(APS), there are few reports on the combined use of TACE and I seed implantation for such patients. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of TACE combined with PVTT I seed implantation in the treatment of HCC patients with APS.

Methods: Forty-two patients diagnosed with HCC combined with PVTT and APS between January 2020 and December 2021 were included.

Affibody-based molecular probe Tc-(HE)Z for non-invasive HER2 detection in ovarian and breast cancer xenografts.

Purpose: This study aimed to assess the biodistribution and bioactivity of the affibody molecular probe Tc-(HE)Z, prepared by genetic recombination, and to investigate its potential for targeted human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) imaging in SKOV3 ovarian cancer and MDA-MB-361 breast cancer xenografts.

Methods: Affibody molecules were generated through genetic recombination. The radiochemical purity of the Tc-labeled HER2 affibody was determined using reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC).

Ferroptosis-Related Gene Signature for Prognosis Prediction in Acute Myeloid Leukemia and Potential Therapeutic Options.

Background: Limited data were available to understand the significance of ferroptosis in leukemia prognosis, regardless of the genomic background.

Methods: RNA-seq data from 151 AML patients were analyzed from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, along with 70 healthy samples from the Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) database. Ferroptosis-related genes (FRGs) features were constructed by multivariate COX regression analysis and risk scores were calculated for each sample and a novel prediction model was identified.

A prospective randomized controlled study of multi-intravenous infusion of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells in patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction (PRIME-HFrEF) trial: Rationale and design.

Background And Objective: The use of mesenchymal stem cells for heart failure treatment has gained increasing interest. However, most studies have relied on a single injection approach, with no research yet confirming the effects of multiple administrations. The present trial aims to investigate the safety and efficacy of multi-intravenous infusion of umbilical cord-mesenchymal stem cells (UC-MSCs) in patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF).

Decoupled tin-silver batteries with long cycle life and power output stability based on dendrite-free tin anode and halide insertion cathode chemistry.

Conventional Ag-Zn batteries have historically faced the challenge of poor cycling stability, rooting in issues associated with Ag cathode dissolution and Zn anode dendrites. Herein, we present a pioneering decoupled Sn-Ag cell, which features two chambers separated by a cation-exchange membrane, containing a dendrite-free Sn metal anode immersed in an alkaline anolyte, and an Ag nanowires/carbon nanotube 3D thick-network cathode in a neutral catholyte. Benefiting from the achieved high electroplating/stripping stability of the metallic Sn anode in the alkaline electrolyte and the electrochemical reversibility of the Ag/AgCl cathode redox couple in the neutral electrolyte, the assembled decoupled Sn-Ag cell demonstrates superior cycling stability, retaining 82.

RNA-binding protein SYNCRIP contributes to neuropathic pain through stabilising CCR2 expression in primary sensory neurones.

Background: Nerve injury-induced changes in gene expression in the dorsal root ganglion (DRG) contribute to the genesis of neuropathic pain. SYNCRIP, an RNA-binding protein, is critical for the stabilisation of gene expression. Whether SYNCRIP participates in nerve injury-induced alterations in DRG gene expression and nociceptive hypersensitivity is unknown.

Molecular simulation of CO/N injection on CH adsorption and diffusion.

As an efficient and clean energy, coalbed methane development and utilization have deep significance in promoting energy conservation and emission reduction, reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Therefore, molecular simulation was utilized to study the influence of N/CO on the adsorption and diffusion of methane in coal under different gas injection methods and to elucidate the influence of varying gas injection methods on the efficiency of coalbed methane extraction, which provides a basis for the efficient development of coalbed methane. The results show that the adsorption effect of gases in coal decreases with the increase of temperature and increases with the rise of pressure, and the adsorption performance of the three gases in coal shows the law of CO > CH > N.

SIRT5 safeguards against T-2 toxin induced liver injury by repressing iron accumulation, oxidative stress, and the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome.

T-2 toxin, a highly toxic trichothecene mycotoxin widely found in food and feed, poses a significant threat to human health as well as livestock and poultry industry. Liver, being a crucial metabolic organ, is particularly susceptible to T-2 toxin induced damage characterized by inflammation and oxidative stress. Despite the role of Sirtuin 5 (SIRT5) in mitigating liver injury has been confirmed, its specific impact on T-2 toxin induced liver injury remains to be elucidated.

Theory of the Spectral Function of Fermi Polarons at Finite Temperature.

We develop a general theory of Fermi polarons at nonzero temperature, including particle-hole excitations of the Fermi sea shakeup to arbitrarily high orders. The exact set of equations of the spectral function is derived by using both Chevy ansatz and diagrammatic approach, and their equivalence is clarified to hold in free space only, with an unregularized infinitesimal interaction strength. The correction to the polaron spectral function arising from two-particle-hole excitations is explicitly examined for an exemplary case of Fermi polarons in one-dimensional optical lattices.