TCEDN: A Lightweight Time-Context Enhanced Depression Detection Network.

The automatic video recognition of depression is becoming increasingly important in clinical applications. However, traditional depression recognition models still face challenges in practical applications, such as high computational costs, the poor application effectiveness of facial movement features, and spatial feature degradation due to model stitching. To overcome these challenges, this work proposes a lightweight Time-Context Enhanced Depression Detection Network (TCEDN).

Effect of Si and Holding Time on TiAlLa Phase in Al-Ti-La Intermediate Alloy.

The effects of holding time and Si on the content, shape size and structure of TiAlLa phase in Al-Ti-La intermediate alloy were investigated by an X-ray diffractometer, scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscope. The results show that the volume fraction and aspect ratio of TiAlLa phase in Al-Ti-La intermediate alloy decrease significantly, from 21% and 2.3 without Si addition to 4% and 2.

Evaluating the causal association between bronchiectasis and different types of inflammatory bowel disease: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study.

Background And Objectives: Previous observational studies have established a connection between bronchiectasis and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), but none of these studies have provided a clear explanation for the underlying cause of this relationship. The present study thus implemented Mendelian randomization (MR) design to explore possible bidirectional relationships between IBD and bronchiectasis risk, with an additional focus on Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) as IBD subtypes.

Materials And Methods: A large genome-wide association study (GWAS)-derived data pool was leveraged to examine the relationships between bronchiectasis and IBD, CD, and UC.

Investigating the Nexus of NLRP3 Inflammasomes and COVID-19 Pathogenesis: Unraveling Molecular Triggers and Therapeutic Strategies.

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) global pandemic, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has been marked by severe cases demonstrating a "cytokine storm", an upsurge of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the bloodstream. NLRP3 inflammasomes, integral to the innate immune system, are speculated to be activated by SARS-CoV-2 within host cells. This review investigates the potential correlation between NLRP3 inflammasomes and COVID-19, exploring the cellular and molecular mechanisms through which SARS-CoV-2 triggers their activation.

Recent Advances in Enterovirus A71 Infection and Antiviral Agents.

Enterovirus A71 (EV-A71) is one of the major causative agents of hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) that majorly affects children. Most of the time, HFMD is a mild disease but can progress to severe complications, such as meningitis, brain stem encephalitis, acute flaccid paralysis, and even death. HFMD caused by EV-A71 has emerged as an acutely infectious disease of highly pathogenic potential in the Asia-Pacific region.

Algorithmic assessment of shoulder function using smartphone video capture and machine learning.

Tears within the stabilizing muscles of the shoulder, known as the rotator cuff (RC), are the most common cause of shoulder pain-often presenting in older patients and requiring expensive advanced imaging for diagnosis. Despite the high prevalence of RC tears within the elderly population, there is no previously published work examining shoulder kinematics using markerless motion capture in the context of shoulder injury. Here we show that a simple string pulling behavior task, where subjects pull a string using hand-over-hand motions, provides a reliable readout of shoulder mobility across animals and humans.

Modified lateral approach combined with medial percutaneous approach versus triceps tongue-shaped flap approach and bilateral triceps brachii approach for pin fixation in treatment of irreducible displaced pediatric supracondylar humeral fractures.

To evaluate the clinical outcomes of the modified lateral approach combined with the medial percutaneous approach (MLACMPA) versus the triceps tongue-shaped flap approach (TTSFA) and the bilateral triceps brachii approach (BTBA) in the treatment of irreducible displaced supracondylar humeral fractures (SHFs) in children. Between March 2000 and July 2022, a total of 135 children who underwent open reduction and Kirschner wire cross internal fixation for irreducible displaced SHFs caused by trauma were retrospectively analyzed. According to the surgical approach, the patients were assigned to the TTSFA group (n = 36), the BTBA group (n = 40) and the MLACMPA group (n = 59).

Inflammasomes during SARS-CoV-2 infection and development of their corresponding inhibitors.

Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) continues to be a burden for human health since its outbreak in Wuhan, China in December 2019. Recently, the emergence of new variants of concerns (VOCs) is challenging for vaccines and drugs efficiency. In severe cases, SARS-CoV-2 provokes inappropriate hyperinflammatory immune responses leading to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and even death.

A Tool for Low-Cost, Quantitative Assessment of Shoulder Function Using Machine Learning.

Tears within the stabilizing muscles of the shoulder, known as the rotator cuff (RC), are the most common cause of shoulder pain-often presenting in older patients and requiring expensive, advanced imaging for diagnosis. Despite the high prevalence of RC tears within the elderly population, there are no accessible and low-cost methods to assess shoulder function which can eschew the barrier of an in-person physical exam or imaging study. Here we show that a simple string pulling behavior task, where subjects pull a string using hand-over-hand motions, provides a reliable readout of shoulder health across animals and humans.

Antiviral effects and mechanisms against EV71 of the novel 2-benzoxyl-phenylpyridine derivatives.

A series of 2-Benzoxyl-Phenylpyridine derivatives were evaluated for their potential antiviral activities against EV71. The preliminary assays indicated that some of these compounds exhibited excellent antiviral effects on EV71, they could effectively inhibit virus-induced cytopathic effects (CPEs), reduce progeny viral yields, and present similar or better antiviral activities compared to the positive control drug ribavirin. Among these derivatives, compounds WY7, WY13 and WY14 showed the most potency against EV71.

Prediction method of surface settlement of rectangular pipe jacking tunnel based on improved PSO-BP neural network.

To provide theoretical support for the safety control of rectangular pipe jacking tunnels crossing an existing expressway, a method for predicting the surface settlement of a rectangular pipe jacking tunnel is proposed in this study. Therefore, based on the high approximation of the BP neural network to any function under the multiparameter input, the PSO-BP mixed prediction model of the ground subsidence of the ultrashallow buried large section rectangular pipe jacking tunnel is established by taking into account the adaptive mutation method, adopting the improved particle swarm optimization (IPSO) algorithm with adaptive inertia weight and mutation particles in the later stage to determine the optimal hyperparameters of the prediction model. Through the case study of an ultrashallow large cross-section rectangular pipe jacking tunnel, this algorithm is compared with the traditional algorithm and combined with field monitoring data for analysis and prediction.

Melanoma: Molecular genetics, metastasis, targeted therapies, immunotherapies, and therapeutic resistance.

Cutaneous melanoma is a common cancer and cases have steadily increased since the mid 70s. For some patients, early diagnosis and surgical removal of melanomas is lifesaving, while other patients typically turn to molecular targeted therapies and immunotherapies as treatment options. Easy sampling of melanomas allows the scientific community to identify the most prevalent mutations that initiate melanoma such as the BRAF, NRAS, and TERT genes, some of which can be therapeutically targeted.

Compound betamethasone in the treatment of pain after supraspinatus tendon repair.

Objective: To investigate the effect of compound betamethasone on pain points of the supraspinatus tendon by local blocking therapy after repair surgery.

Methods: This non-randomised controlled trial included patients who underwent arthroscopic repair of supraspinatus tendon tears and who had long-term pain. At 3 months following surgery, patients were assigned to an experimental group, whose pain points were treated with compound betamethasone, or a control group who did not receive compound betamethasone.

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide attenuates acetaminophen-induced acute liver injury via activation of PARP1, Sirt1, and Nrf2 in mice.

The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effect of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) against acute liver injury (ALI) induced by acetaminophen (APAP) overdose in mice. First, serum transaminases were used to assess the protective effect of NAD, and the data revealed that NAD mitigated the APAP-induced ALI in a dose-dependent manner. Then, we performed hematoxylin-eosin staining of liver tissues and found that NAD alleviated the abnormalities of histopathology.

Quantitative Evaluation of Extramural Vascular Invasion of Rectal Cancer by Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging.

This study was carried out to explore the preoperative predictive value of dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) in extramural vascular invasion (EMVI) in patients with rectal cancer. 124 patients with rectal cancer were randomly divided into two groups, with 62 groups in each group. One group used conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and was recorded as the control group.

Syntheses, Characterizations, and Inhibition Activities Against Coxsackievirus B3 of Iodobenzoic Hydrazide Functionalized Hexamolybdates.

A class of iodobenzoyldiazenido-functionalized POMs (TBA) [MoO(=N=NCOAr)] (Ar = Ph--I ; Ph--I ; Ph--I ; Ph-3,4-I ; Ph-2,3,5-I (TBA = tetrabutylammonium) were prepared the refluxing reaction of -octamolybdates, DCC, and corresponding hydrazides in dry acetonitrile. Their structures were determined by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, ultraviolet-visible spectra, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, hydrogen-1 nuclear magnetic resonance, and high-resolution mass spectrometry. Research on the biological activity of title compounds shows that , , and demonstrate potent inhibitory activity against coxsackievirus B3 and low cytotoxic activity against Hep-2 cell lines.

Dyslipidemia is associated with risk for rotator cuff repair failure: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Lipid deposition secondary to dyslipidemia (DLD) is shown to have a significant impact on tendon pathology, including tendon elasticity, fatty infiltration, and healing properties. Rotator cuff repair is a common procedure, susceptible to influence from many tear-related and patient-related characteristics. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between DLD and rotator cuff repair outcomes with analysis of retear risk and function.

Identification of a prognostic signature based on copy number variations (CNVs) and CNV-modulated gene expression in acute myeloid leukemia.

Objectives: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is caused by multiple genetic alterations in hematopoietic progenitors, and molecular genetic analyses have provided useful information for AML diagnosis and prognostication. This study aimed to integratively understand the prognostic value of specific copy number variation (CNV) patterns and CNV-modulated gene expression in AML.

Methods: We conducted integrative CNV profiling and gene expression analysis using data from the Therapeutically Applicable Research To Generate Effective Treatments (TARGET) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) AML cohorts.

A one-step construction of adenovirus (OSCA) system using the Gibson DNA Assembly technology.

Adenovirus (Ad) is a non-enveloped linear double-stranded DNA virus with >50 serotypes in humans. Ad vectors have been used as gene delivery vehicles to express transgenes, small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) for gene silencing, or CRISPR/Cas and designer nucleases for genome editing. Although several methods are used to generate Ad vectors, the Ad-making process remains technically challenging and time consuming.

OUHP: an optimized universal hairpin primer system for cost-effective and high-throughput RT-qPCR-based quantification of microRNA (miRNA) expression.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs or miRs) are single-stranded, ∼22-nucleotide noncoding RNAs that regulate many cellular processes. While numerous miRNA quantification technologies are available, a recent analysis of 12 commercial platforms revealed high variations in reproducibility, sensitivity, accuracy, specificity and concordance within and/or between platforms. Here, we developed a universal hairpin primer (UHP) system that negates the use of miRNA-specific hairpin primers (MsHPs) for quantitative reverse transcription PCR (RT-qPCR)-based miRNA quantification.

What Factors Lead to Racial Disparities in Outcomes After Total Knee Arthroplasty?

Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is one of the most commonly performed, major elective surgeries in the USA. African American TKA patients on average experience worse clinical outcomes than whites, including lower improvements in patient-reported outcomes and higher rates of complications, hospital readmissions, and reoperations. The mechanisms leading to these racial health disparities are unclear, but likely involve patient, provider, healthcare system, and societal factors.

Exosomes Derived from Hydroquinone-transformed Human Bronchial Epithelial Cells Inhibited Recipient Cell Apoptosis by transferring miR-221.

Objective: Although benzene is a confirmed environmental carcinogen, the mechanism of its carcinogenicity remains largely unclear. The suggested oncogene, miR-221, is elevated and plays important roles in various tumors, but its role in benzene-induced carcinogenesis remains unknown.

Methods: In the present study, we constructed hydroquinone (HQ, a representative metabolite of benzene with biological activity)-transformed malignant cell line (16HBE-t) and analyzed the level of miR-221 in it with qRT-PCR.

Patient-Reported Outcomes After Total Hip Arthroplasty in a Low-Resource Country by a Visiting Surgical Team.

Background: Total hip arthroplasty (THA) is a highly successful procedure but limited in many low-resource nations. In response, organizations globally have conducted service trips to provide arthroplasty care to underserved populations. Few outcomes data are currently available related to these trips.

Nicotinic Acid against Acetaminophen-Induced Hepatotoxicity via Sirt1/Nrf2 Antioxidative Pathway in Mice.

Acetaminophen (N-acetyl-p-aminophenol, APAP) overdose causes hepatotoxicity, even liver failure, and oxidative stress plays pivotal role in its pathogenesis. Nicotinic acid (NA) is one form of vitamin B3, which has been used to treat a series of diseases in clinic for decades. To date, several studies have evidenced that NA has anti-oxidative property.

Applications of Biocompatible Scaffold Materials in Stem Cell-Based Cartilage Tissue Engineering.

Cartilage, especially articular cartilage, is a unique connective tissue consisting of chondrocytes and cartilage matrix that covers the surface of joints. It plays a critical role in maintaining joint durability and mobility by providing nearly frictionless articulation for mechanical load transmission between joints. Damage to the articular cartilage frequently results from sport-related injuries, systemic diseases, degeneration, trauma, or tumors.