Bovine NMRAL2 Protein Blunts Nitric Oxide Production and Inflammatory Response in Infected Bovine Lung Epithelial Cells.

Tuberculosis (TB), primarily caused by () and (), remains the leading cause of death from a single infectious agent globally. Intracellular survival is crucial for their virulence; yet, the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. This study aimed to demonstrate the significance of a previously unannotated bovine gene ENSBTAG00000011305 in intracellular survival.

CRISPR-Cas13a-Based Lateral Flow Assay for Detection of Bovine Leukemia Virus.

Bovine leukemia virus (BLV) is the causative agent of enzootic bovine leukosis (EBL), which presents worldwide prevalence. BLV caused substantial economic loss in China around the 1980s; then, it could not be detected for some time, until recently. Due to its latent and chronic characteristics, the efficient and accurate detection of BLV is of utmost significance to the timely implementation of control measures.

GW3, encoding a member of the P450 subfamily, controls grain width by regulating the GA content in spikelets of rice (Oryza sativa L.).

A stable QTL, GW3, controlling grain width was identified in two populations. Its causal gene LOC_Os03g04680 was verified by gene-based haplotype analysis, expression analysis, gene knockout and complementation transgenic tests. Grain width (GW) is one of the key traits affecting grain size and determines grain yield and appearance quality in rice.

The Prevalence and Molecular Characterization of Bovine Leukemia Virus among Dairy Cattle in Henan Province, China.

Enzootic bovine leukosis, a neoplastic disease caused by the bovine leukemia virus (BLV), was the primary cancer affecting cattle in China before 1985. Although its prevalence decreased significantly between 1986 and 2000, enzootic bovine leukosis has been re-emerging since 2000. This re-emergence has been largely overlooked, possibly due to the latent nature of BLV infection or the perceived lack of sufficient evidence.

Prolactin Modulates the Proliferation and Secretion of Goat Mammary Epithelial Cells via Regulating Sodium-Coupled Neutral Amino Acid Transporter 1 and 2.

The prolactin (PRL) hormone is a major regulator of mammary gland development and lactation. However, it remains unclear whether and how PRL contributes to mammary epithelial cell proliferation and secretion. The Boer and Macheng black crossbred goats are superior in reproduction, meat, and milk, and are popular in Hubei province.

Efficacy of Short Novel Antimicrobial Peptides in a Mouse Model of Skin Infection.

As the clinical application of antibiotics for bacterial skin infections in companion animals becomes increasingly prevalent, the issue of bacterial resistance has become more pronounced. Antimicrobial peptides, as a novel alternative to traditional antibiotics, have garnered widespread attention. In our study, synthetic peptides ADD-A and CBD3-ABU were tested against skin infections in KM mice.

Identifying the Quantitative Trait Locus and Candidate Genes of Traits Related to Milling Quality in Rice via a Genome-Wide Association Study.

Milling quality directly affects production efficiency in rice, which is closely related to the brown rice recovery (BRR), the milled rice recovery (MRR) and the head milled rice recovery (HMRR). The present study investigated these three traits in 173 germplasms in two environments, finding abundant phenotypic variation. Three QTLs for BRR, two for MRR, and three for HMRR were identified in a genome-wide association study, five of these were identified in previously reported QTLs and three were newly identified.

A Novel Multiepitope Fusion Antigen as a Vaccine Candidate for the Prevention of Enterotoxigenic -Induced Calf Diarrhea.

Calf diarrhea caused by enterotoxigenic (ETEC) poses an enormous economic challenge in the cattle industry. Fimbriae and enterotoxin are crucial virulence factors and vaccine targets of ETEC. Since these proteins have complicated components with large molecular masses, the development of vaccines by directly expressing these potential targets is cumbersome Therefore, this study aimed to develop a multiepitope fusion antigen designated as MEFA by integrating major epitopes of FanC and Fim41a subunits and a toxoid epitope of STa into the F17G framework.

The Establishment of a Novel γ-Interferon In Vitro Release Assay for the Differentiation of -Infected and BCG-Vaccinated Cattle.

BCG vaccination is increasingly reconsidered in the effective prevention of bovine tuberculosis (bTB). However, the primary challenge in BCG vaccination for cattle is the lack of a technique for differentiating between infected and vaccinated animals (DIVA). This study aimed to establish a novel DIVA diagnostic test based on an interferon-gamma in vitro release assay (IGRA).

The Identification of a Novel Nucleomodulin MbovP467 of and Its Potential Contribution in Pathogenesis.

is a causative agent of crucial diseases in both dairy and beef cattle leading to substantial economic losses. However, limited control measures for -related diseases exist due to a lack of understanding about the virulence factors of this pathogen, a common challenge in mycoplasma research. Consequently, this study aimed to characterize a novel nucleomodulin as a virulence-related factor of .

MbovP0725, a secreted serine/threonine phosphatase, inhibits the host inflammatory response and affects metabolism in .

Unlabelled: species are able to produce and release secreted proteins, such as toxins, adhesins, and virulence-related enzymes, involved in bacteria adhesion, invasion, and immune evasion between the pathogen and host. Here, we investigated a novel secreted protein, MbovP0725, from encoding a putative haloacid dehalogenase (HAD) hydrolase function of a key serine/threonine phosphatase depending on Mg for the dephosphorylation of its substrate and it was most active at pH 8 to 9 and temperatures around 40°C. A transposon insertion mutant strain of HB0801 that lacked the protein MbovP0725 induced a stronger inflammatory response but with a partial reduction of adhesion ability.

QTL Detection and Candidate Gene Identification for Eating and Cooking Quality Traits in Rice ( L.) via a Genome-Wide Association Study.

The eating and cooking quality (ECQ) directly affects the taste of rice, being closely related to factors such as gelatinization temperature (GT), gel consistency (GC) and amylose content (AC). Mining the quantitative trait loci (QTLs), and gene loci controlling ECQ-related traits is vital. A genome-wide association study on ECQ-related traits was conducted, combining 1.

Identification of Differential Circular RNA Expression Profiles and Functional Networks in Human Macrophages Induced by Virulent and Avirulent Strains.

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are noncoding RNAs with diverse functions. However, most ()-related circRNAs remain undiscovered. In this study, we infected THP-1 cells with virulent and avirulent strains and then sequenced the cellular circRNAs.

Comparative Proteomic Analysis of Secretory Proteins of and subsp. Investigates Virulence and Discovers Important Diagnostic Biomarkers.

The most important pathogenic species in bovines are () and subsp. (). causes contagious bovine pleuropneumonia (CBPP), which is a severe respiratory disease widespread in sub-Saharan Africa but eradicated in several countries, including China.

An atypical GdpP enzyme linking cyclic nucleotide metabolism to osmotic tolerance and gene regulation in .

Nucleotide second messengers play an important role in bacterial adaptation to environmental changes. Recent evidence suggests that some of these regulatory molecular pathways were conserved upon the degenerative evolution of the wall-less mycoplasmas. We have recently reported the occurrence of a phosphodiesterase (PDE) in the ruminant pathogen , which was involved in c-di-AMP metabolism.

Fatty Acyl-CoA Synthetase D33 Promotes Survival in Hostile Extracellular and Intracellular Microenvironments in the Host.

Tuberculosis, caused by (), remains a significant global health challenge. The survival of in hostile extracellular and intracellular microenvironments is crucial for its pathogenicity. In this study, we discovered a (BCG) mutant B1033 that potentially affected mycobacterium pathogenicity.

Evaluation of Antiviral Activity of Ivermectin against Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis Virus in Rabbit Model.

Infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR) caused by bovine herpes virus 1 (BoHV-1) can lead to enormous economic losses in the cattle industry. Vaccine immunization is preferentially used to decrease its transmission speed and resultant clinical signs, rather than to completely stop viral infection. Therefore, a drug effective in treating IBR is urgently needed.