Mechanism and Characterization of Bicomponent-Filler-Reinforced Natural Rubber Latex Composites: Experiment and Molecular Dynamics (MD).

The incorporation of reinforcing fillers into natural rubber latex (NR) to achieve superior elasticity and mechanical properties has been widely applied across various fields. However, the tendency of reinforcing fillers to agglomerate within NR limits their potential applications. In this study, multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT)-silica (SiO)/NR composites were prepared using a solution blending method, aiming to enhance the performance of NR composites through the synergistic effects of dual-component fillers.

Effect of Gradient Transition Layer on the Cracking Behavior of Ni60B (NiCrBSi) Coatings by Laser Cladding.

Laser cladding technology is an effective method for producing wear-resistant coatings on damaged substrates, improving both wear and corrosion resistance, which extends the service life of components. However, the fabrication of hard and brittle materials is highly susceptible to the problem of cracking. Using gradient transition layers is an effective strategy to mitigate the challenge of achieving crack-free laser-melted wear-resistant coatings.

Mendelian Randomization Reveals Potential Causal Relationships Between DNA Damage Repair-Related Genes and Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

DNA damage repair (DDR) plays a key role in maintaining genomic stability and developing inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, no report about the causal association between DDR and IBD exists. Whether DDR-related genes are the precise causal association to IBD in etiology remains unclear.

Using Commercial Bio-Functional Fungal Polysaccharides to Construct Emulsion Systems by Associating with SPI.

Fungi polysaccharides are nutraceutical-rich compounds with bioactive properties, offering promising applications in food formulation. This study examined the non-covalent complexation of commercial polysaccharides derived from the fruiting bodies of (AA) and (GL) and soy protein isolate to enhance emulsifying properties. Complexes were examined across protein-to-polysaccharide ratios (0:1 to 1:0), pH levels (3 to 7), and heat treatment conditions.

Aptamer-antibody sandwich immunosensor for electrochemical detection of FT4.

An aptamer-antibody sandwich electrochemical immunosensor was studied. FeO/MWCNTs-COOH/Nafion was modified and fixed on a glassy carbon electrode to amplify electrical signals. The antibody was coupled with AuNPs to form conjugates.

High-resolution spatially resolved proteomics of complex tissues based on microfluidics and transfer learning.

Despite recent advances in imaging- and antibody-based methods, achieving in-depth, high-resolution protein mapping across entire tissues remains a significant challenge in spatial proteomics. Here, we present parallel-flow projection and transfer learning across omics data (PLATO), an integrated framework combining microfluidics with deep learning to enable high-resolution mapping of thousands of proteins in whole tissue sections. We validated the PLATO framework by profiling the spatial proteome of the mouse cerebellum, identifying 2,564 protein groups in a single run.

3D printed clear resin stir bar sorptive extraction coupled with high performance liquid chromatography for trace chlorophenols analysis in environmental water samples.

3D printing is an additive manufacturing technology based on digital model files. 3D printing has become a popular manufacturing tool in various fields. Stereolithography offers a series of advantages compared to its counterparts, such as smooth prints, appropriate resolution in all the axes, acceptable organic solvent compatibility and sufficient tightness to the flowing of solutions/solvents at moderate/high pressure.

Wearable Sensors for Plants: Status and Prospects.

The increasing demand for smart agriculture has led to the development of agricultural sensor technology. Wearable sensors show great potential for monitoring the physiological and surrounding environmental information for plants due to their high flexibility, biocompatibility, and scalability. However, wearable sensors for plants face several challenges that hinder their large-scale practical application.

Complex hierarchical structures analysis in single-cell data with Poincaré deep manifold transformation.

Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) offers remarkable insights into cellular development and differentiation by capturing the gene expression profiles of individual cells. The role of dimensionality reduction and visualization in the interpretation of scRNA-seq data has gained widely acceptance. However, current methods face several challenges, including incomplete structure-preserving strategies and high distortion in embeddings, which fail to effectively model complex cell trajectories with multiple branches.

Multimodal artificial intelligence system for detecting a small esophageal high-grade squamous intraepithelial neoplasia: A case report.

Background: Recent advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) have significantly enhanced the capabilities of endoscopic-assisted diagnosis for gastrointestinal diseases. AI has shown great promise in clinical practice, particularly for diagnostic support, offering real-time insights into complex conditions such as esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

Case Summary: In this study, we introduce a multimodal AI system that successfully identified and delineated a small and flat carcinoma during esophagogastroduodenoscopy, highlighting its potential for early detection of malignancies.

Switching CO2 Electroreduction toward C2+ Products and CH4 by Regulate the Protonation and Dimerization in Platinum/Copper Catalysts.

Copper (Cu)-based catalysts exhibit distinctive performance in the electrochemical CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) with complex mechanism and sophisticated types of products. The management of key intermediates *CO and *H is a necessary factor for achieving high product selectivity, but lack of efficient and versatile strategies. Herein, we designed Pt modified Cu catalysts to effectively modulate the competitive coverage of those intermediates.

Identification of novel rodent and shrew orthohepeviruses sheds light on hepatitis E virus evolution.

The family has seen an explosive expansion in its host range in recent years, yet the evolutionary trajectory of this zoonotic pathogen remains largely unknown. The emergence of rat hepatitis E virus (HEV) has introduced a new public health threat due to its potential for zoonotic transmission. This study investigated 2 464 wild small mammals spanning four animal orders, eight families, 21 genera, and 37 species in Yunnan Province, China.

Bioorthogonal reaction-mediated photosensitizer-peptide conjugate anchoring on cell membranes for enhanced photodynamic therapy.

Photodynamic therapy (PDT), utilizing a photosensitizer (PS) to induce tumor cell death, is an effective modality for cancer treatment. PS-peptide conjugates have recently demonstrated remarkable antitumor potential in preclinical trials. However, the limited cell membrane binding affinity and rapid systemic clearance have hindered their transition to clinical applications.

Exosomes Derived from Apelin-Pretreated Mesenchymal Stem Cells Ameliorate Sepsis-Induced Myocardial Dysfunction by Alleviating Cardiomyocyte Pyroptosis via Delivery of miR-34a-5p.

Background: Exosomes sourced from mesenchymal stem cells (MSC-EXOs) have become a promising therapeutic tool for sepsis-induced myocardial dysfunction (SMD). Our previous study demonstrated that Apelin pretreatment enhanced the therapeutic benefit of MSCs in myocardial infarction by improving their paracrine effects. This study aimed to determine whether EXOs sourced from Apelin-pretreated MSCs (Apelin-MSC-EXOs) would have potent cardioprotective effects against SMD and elucidate the underlying mechanisms.

CD4-Derived Double-Negative T Cells Ameliorate Alzheimer's Disease-Like Phenotypes in the 5×FAD Mouse Model.

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a debilitating neurodegenerative disorder that is difficult to predict and is typically diagnosed only after symptoms manifest. Recently, CD4 T cell-derived double-negative T (DNT) cells have shown strong immuno-regulatory properties in both in vitro and in vivo neuronal inflammation studies. However, the effectiveness of DNT cells in treating on AD are not yet fully understood.

Resveratrol Reduces Cisplatin-induced Cochlear Hair Cell Pyroptosis by Inhibiting the mtROS/TXNIP/NLRP3 Pathway.

Background: Cisplatin is an effective anti-cancer drug with limited clinical applications due to ototoxicity. Resveratrol, known for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, has been reported to mitigate these adverse effects, although the underlying mechanism remains under-researched.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effects and underlying mechanisms of resveratrol on cisplatin-induced ototoxicity.

Optimizing Shoulder Joint Positioning During Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery: A Prospective Study on Prevention of Postoperative Ipsilateral Shoulder Pain.

Background: Ipsilateral shoulder pain (ISP) is a common complication following video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS), significantly affecting postoperative recovery and quality of life. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between intraoperative upper limb positioning, and the occurrence of ISP, with the goal of optimizing positioning to reduce postoperative complications.

Methods: This prospective cohort study included 252 patients undergoing VATS for lung resection.

Identification of a new alphacoronavirus (Coronaviridae: ) associated with the greater horseshoe bat () in the south of European part of Russia.

Introduction: Bats are recognized as primary natural reservoirs for alpha- and betacoronaviruses. The interspecies transmission of bat coronaviruses to other mammalian hosts, including livestock and humans, can lead to epidemics, epizootics, and global pandemics.

Objective: This study aims to describe coronaviruses associated with horseshoe bats ( spp.

Adult Kerion Caused by Trichophyton tonsurans.

Adult tinea capitis, especially kerion, caused by Trichophyton tonsurans is relatively rare in China. Here, we report a case caused by the agent in an old woman with normal immune function. Fungal microscopic examination and culture were positive.

Dual-Mode ZnO/SnSe Heterojunction Devices with Integrated Bipolar Response Photodetectors and Artificial Optoelectronic Synapses for in-Sensor Computing.

Optoelectronic synapse devices (OESDs) inspired by human visual systems enable to integration of light sensing, memory, and computing functions, greatly promoting the development of in-sensor computing techniques. Herein, dual-mode integration of bipolar response photodetectors (PDs) and artificial optoelectronic synapses based on ZnO/SnSe heterojunctions are presented. The function of the fabricated device can be converted between the PDs and OESDs by modulating the light intensity.

Elucidating the molecular basis of salt tolerance in potatoes through miRNA expression and phenotypic analysis.

Potatoes are a critical staple crop worldwide, yet their yield is significantly constrained by salt stress. Understanding and enhancing salt tolerance in potatoes is crucial for ensuring food security. This study evaluated the salt tolerance of 17 diverse potato varieties using principal component analysis, membership function analysis, cluster analysis, and stepwise regression analysis.

Intravenous beta-blockers versus amiodarone on in-hospital mortality and safety profile in adult septic patients.

Objective: In the present study, we aimed to compare in-hospital mortality and safety of intravenous beta-blockers and amiodarone in septic patients with new-onset atrial fibrillation (NOAF). The null hypothesis is that there is no significant difference in in-hospital mortality and safety of Beta-blocker (BBs) and amiodarone in treating NOAF in patients with sepsis.

Design: We conducted a retrospective analysis based on the MIMIC-IV database.

Intramicellar sensor assays: Improving sensing sensitivity of sensor array for thiol biomarkers.

Array-based analysis allows for precise disease diagnosis by simultaneously detecting multiple biomarkers. However, most array sensing platforms rely on non-covalent interactions between sensors and analytes, which limits their sensitivity. This study enhances the sensitivity of array analysis for thiol biomarkers by incorporating polyion complex micelles into the sensor array design.

NAT10 promotes pyroptosis and pancreatic injury of severe acute pancreatitis through ac4C modification of NLRP3.

Severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) is a highly morbid acute digestive disorder linked to pyroptosis. N-acetyltransferase 10 (NAT10) facilitates the production of N4-acetylcytidine (ac4C) modifications in mRNA, thereby contributing to the progression of various diseases. However, the specific role of NAT10 in SAP remains to be elucidated.

Corrigendum: Ginkgolide C alleviates myocardial ischemia/reperfusion-induced inflammatory injury via inhibition of CD40-NF-κB pathway.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.