Chondrocyte-targeted bilirubin/rapamycin carrier-free nanoparticles alleviate oxidative stress and modulate autophagy for osteoarthritis therapy.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a prevalent chronic disease, characterized by the destruction of joint cartilage and synovitis, affects over 7 % of people worldwide. Disease-modifying treatments for OA still face significant challenges. Chondrocytes, as the exclusive cellular component of articular cartilage, play a pivotal role in synthesizing the intricate matrix of cartilage, thereby assuming a critical responsibility in facilitating its renewal and repair processes.

Associations of gestational exposure to organophosphate esters with thyroid hormones in cord plasma and the safety threshold of exposure in pregnant women.

Background: As a class of synthetic chemicals, organophosphate esters (OPEs) were shown to have thyroid hormones (THs) disrupting potentials in animal studies, while epidemiological evidence on gestational exposure to OPEs and thyroid disruption is limited. Besides, assessment on the safety threshold of OPEs exposure during gestation is especially scarce.

Methods: Based on the Shanghai Minhang Birth Cohort Study, we measured maternal urine concentration of 8 OPE metabolites and THs levels in cord plasma and examined their associations using multiple linear regression and quantile g-computation (QGC) models.

Absolute quantification of Neuron-specific enolase based on surface plasmon resonance.

Neuron-specific enolase (NSE) is currently the most reliable biomarker for small cell lung cancer (SCLC), which is important for disease monitoring, clinical evaluation and diagnosis. However, traditional methods suffer from various disadvantages, including instability, complexity, time-consuming operations, and the necessity for standards. In this study, we developed a calibration-free concentration analysis (CFCA) method based on surface plasmon resonance (SPR) technology, to accurately quantify the active concentration of NSE without relying on any standards.

Oxygen promotes radical-mediated heterogeneous hygrothermal degradation of konjac glucomannan: Molecular structure and influence mechanism.

Heterogeneous hygrothermal degradation (HHTD) efficiently produces partially depolymerized konjac glucomannan (KGM). However, KGM degrades considerably faster in oxygen-containing air packaging than in oxygen-free vacuum packaging. This study investigated the effects of different atmosphere conditions on the molecular structure of KGM and the radicals involved in its degradation system.

An Amidoxime-functionalized chitosan dual-network hydrogel: Enhanced uranium-water separation capacity.

The source and after treatment of uranium, a key aspect of its use as a nuclear fuel, had been a topic of intense debate among developers. Therefore, a novel antimicrobial amidoxime-functionalized chitosan/polyacrylamide dual network hydrogel (CP-AO) had been developed utilizing a straightforward methodology. The results demonstrated excellent adsorption capacity and selectivity for uranium extraction under varying conditions, the U(VI) removal was above 94 % when pH was 4.

An injectable tricalcium silicate/α-tricalcium phosphate/hydroxypropyl methylcellulose biocomposite with improved physicochemical properties and osteoinductive activity for endodontic application.

Tricalcium silicate (TCS)-based bioactive cements have attracted great attention for various endodontic applications owing to their hydraulic property, sealing ability and biological properties. Nevertheless, poor handling property and anti-washout ability are the main challenges for traditional TCS-based cements and their osteoinductive capacity needs enhance for accelerated pulpal and periapical tissue repair/regeneration. Herein, we developed an injectable TCS/α-tricalcium phosphate (α-TCP)/hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) biocomposite with improved physicochemical properties and osteoinductive ability via the incorporation of α-TCP/HPMC.

Consistent frontal-limbic-occipital connections in distinguishing treatment-resistant and non-treatment-resistant schizophrenia.

Background And Hypothesis: Treatment-resistant schizophrenia (TR-SZ) and non-treatment-resistant schizophrenia (NTR-SZ) lack specific biomarkers to distinguish from each other. This investigation aims to identify consistent dysfunctional brain connections with different atlases, multiple feature selection strategies, and several classifiers in distinguishing TR-SZ and NTR-SZ.

Study Design: 55 TR-SZs, 239 NTR-SZs, and 87 healthy controls (HCs) were recruited from the Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University.

Effect of liquid nitrogen freezing pretreatment on the meat quality of gazami crab (Portunus trituberculatus) during frozen storage.

Liquid nitrogen freezing (LNF) pretreatment is an effective means of maintaining seafood quality during frozen storage. To improve the meat quality of gazami crab (Portunus trituberculatus) during frozen storage, this study investigated the effects of LNF temperatures on the meat quality of gazami crab. Fresh crab was pre-treated with different LNF temperatures (-60 °C, -80 °C, -100 °C, -120 °C), and then freeze in refrigerator at -18 °C.

Volatile profiles and characteristic odorants in camellia seeds with different heat pretreatments.

Heat pretreatment plays a crucial role in affecting the quality, colour and aroma of camellia oil during the extraction process. This study aimed to investigate the effects of steaming, stir-frying, roasting, microwave and infrared treatment on the flavour and physicochemical quality of camellia seeds. The results indicated that, compared with unpretreated samples, the heat-pretreated ones exhibited increased oil content and browning degree, imparting a caramel colour with toasty and nutty flavours.

The ameliorative effects of melatonin against BDE-47-induced hippocampal neuronal ferroptosis and cognitive dysfunction through Nrf2-Chaperone-mediated autophagy of ACSL4 degradation.

Recent studies demonstrate that lipid peroxidation-induced ferroptosis participates in 2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47)-evoked neurotoxicity and cognitive dysfunction. Melatonin has been indicated to confer neuroprotection against brain diseases via its potent anti-ferroptotic effects. Therefore, this study aims to explore whether melatonin can mitigate BDE-47-elicited cognitive impairment via suppressing ferroptosis, and further delineate the underlying mechanisms.

Multi-responsive biosensor prepared based on MXene and PDEA-HRP binary architecture films for HO detection and logic gate construction.

The quantitative detection of HO is of great significance for preventing the occurrence of diseases. In this work, an electrochemical biosensor for detecting HO was constructed through a step-by-step modification method. The PDEA-HRP/MXene/PG biosensor (PDEA = poly(N,N-dimethyl acrylamide), HRP = horseradish peroxidase, PG = pyrolytic graphite) was prepared with two-dimensional metal carbide (MXene) nano materials as the inner layer and PDEA-HRP hydrogel as the outer layer for the detection of HO.

Bullying victimization and self-harm in adolescents: The roles of emotion regulation and bullying peer norms.

Background: While prior research has suggested that experiencing bullying victimization increases the risk of self-harm, the exact role of intrapersonal emotion regulation and bullying peer norms in contributing to this association are not fully understood.

Objective: This study examined the mediating effects of cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression and the moderating effects of bullying descriptive and popularity norms on the association between bullying victimization and self-harm.

Participants And Setting: A total of 3545 Chinese adolescents (52.

Charge transport channel and nonmetallic plasmon synergistically augment surface reaction kinetics and charge separation for efficient photoelectrochemical hydrogen evolution of CdS/TiN-sensitized FeVO photoanode.

Achieving simultaneous enhancement in the light energy utilization efficiency, bulk charge carrier separation and surface charge carrier injection efficiency as well as the surface reaction kinetics of water oxidation is a formidable challenge for photoanodes in photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting hydrogen generation. Herein, nanoparticle-assembled flower-like CdS spheres and nonmetallic plasmonic TiN nanoparticles are exploited to successively sensitize FeVO nanoporous film (NPF) photoanode for achieving efficient PEC hydrogen evolution. The sensitization of TiN and CdS simultaneously integrates type-II band structure, surface plasmon resonance and Schottky junction into FeVO NPF photoanode, synergistically achieving simultaneous enhancement in the light energy utilization efficiency, bulk charge carrier separation efficiency, surface reaction kinetics of water oxidation and surface charge carrier injection efficiency.

A new RRS method for measurement of temperature with magnetic-liquid crystal nanosurface molecularly imprinted polymer probe.

A new magnetic-liquid crystal nanosurface molecularly imprinted polymer (5CB-FeO@MIP) resonance Rayleigh scattering temperature sensor was prepared, using liquid crystal 4'-cyano-4'-pentylbiphenyl as the temperature sensing element, nano-FeO as the substrate, methacrylic acid as the functional monomer and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate as the crosslinking agent. It was characterized by molecular spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The thermosensitive effect of 11 liquid crystals, that is, the relationship between RRS and temperature, was studied.

Radiotherapy-immunomodulated nanoplatform triggers both hypoxic and normoxic tumor associated antigens generation for robust abscopal effect and sustained immune memory.

Radiotherapy (RT) induced abscopal effect has garnered substantial attention, nevertheless, it is rarely observed in clinics, due to the tumor hypoxia-related radioresistance, inadequate immune stimulation, and immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Herein, we construct a radiotherapy-immunomodulated nanoplatform (THUNDER), which synergizes with RT and greatly triggers the generation of both hypoxic and normoxic tumor cells-derived tumor-associated antigens (TAAs), resulting in robust abscopal effect and sustained immune memory. THUNDER exhibits prolonged blood circulation and high tumor retention capacity.

Amplifying Ca overload by engineered biomaterials for synergistic cancer therapy.

Ca overload is one of the most widely causes of inducing apoptosis, pyroptosis, immunogenic cell death, autophagy, paraptosis, necroptosis, and calcification of tumor cells, and has become the most valuable therapeutic strategy in the field of cancer treatment. Nevertheless, several challenges remain in translating Ca overload-mediated therapeutic strategies into clinical applications, such as the precise control of Ca dynamics, specificity of Ca homeostasis dysregulation, as well as comprehensive mechanisms of Ca regulation. Given this, we comprehensively reviewed the Ca-driven intracellular signaling pathways and the application of Ca-based biomaterials (such as CaCO-, CaP-, CaO-, CaSi-, CaF-, and CaH-) in mediating cancer diagnosis, treatment, and immunotherapy.

Comparative effectiveness of non-pharmacological therapies for postoperative cognitive dysfunction: Protocol for a systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Introduction: Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is a common complication following surgery. Electroacupuncture (EA), manual acupuncture (MA), transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation (TEAS), and cognitive training (CT) can effectively maintain or improve the postoperative cognitive function of patients. However, it remains unclear which therapy is the most effective.

Nomogram for predicting early death in elderly patients with laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma: A population-based SEER study.

Background: The disease and mortality rates of patients with laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) stabilize after peaking at the age of 60 years. This study aimed to identify risk factors associated with early death (death within 6 months) in elderly (≥60 years) patients with LSCC and to establish predictive nomograms to aid clinicians in developing individualized treatment plans.

Methods: Data pertaining to elderly patients with LSCC between 2004 and 2015 was obtained from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database (version 8.

Pharmacological blocking of spinal GABA receptors in monkeys reduces sensory transmission to the spinal cord, thalamus, and cortex.

A century of research established that GABA inhibits proprioceptive inputs presynaptically to sculpt spinal neural inputs into skilled motor output. Recent results in mice challenged this theory by showing that GABA can also facilitate action potential conduction in proprioceptive afferents. Here, we tackle this controversy in monkeys, the most human-relevant animal model, and show that GABA receptors (GABARs) indeed facilitate sensory inputs to spinal motoneurons and interneurons and that this mechanism also influences sensory transmission to supraspinal centers.

Regulation of Metabolic Pathways to Enhance Difucosyllactose Biosynthesis in .

Difucosyllactose (DFL), an important kind of fucosylated human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs), has garnered considerable attention due to its excellent physiological activities in infants. Previously, we achieved biosynthesis of DFL; however, substantial residual intermediates of fucosyllactoses (FL) were detected. In this study, DFL biosynthesis was optimized, and residual FL were reduced by regulating metabolic pathways.

Physical Activity During Pregnancy and Preterm Birth Among Women With Gestational Diabetes.

Importance: Physical activity, as a modifiable factor, emerges as a primary intervention strategy for the prevention and management of gestational diabetes (GD). Among women with GD, the association of physical activity during pregnancy with preterm birth remains unclear.

Objective: To examine the association of accelerometer-derived physical activity metrics and patterns with preterm birth among women with GD.

Laparoscopic hepatectomy versus microwave ablation for multifocal 3-5 cm hepatocellular carcinoma: a multi-centre, real-world study.

Background: Researches comparing laparoscopic liver resection (LLR) with microwave ablation (MWA) for 3-5 cm multifocal hepatocellular carcinoma (MFHCC) are rare.

Materials And Methods: From 2008 to 2019, 666 intrahepatic tumours in 289 patients from 12 tertiary medical centres in China were included in this retrospective study. Propensity score matching (PSM) was performed to balance variables between the two treatment groups over time frames 2008-2019 and 2013-2019 to observe the potential impact of advancements in intervention techniques on overall survival (OS), disease-free progression (DFS) of patients.

Rutin Attenuates Distraction Spinal Cord Injury by Inhibiting Microglial Inflammation Through Downregulation of P38 MAPK/NF-κB/STAT3 Pathway.

Distraction spinal cord injury (DSCI) is a severe complication following scoliosis correction surgery, for which there are currently no effective clinical treatments. This study aims to evaluate the inhibitory effects of rutin, a natural product, on inflammation in DSCI and to investigate the underlying mechanisms. In vitro, microglial cells were exposed directly to rutin to assess its ability to inhibit lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation.

Disease burden and health inequality of older adults with edentulism and the projected trend until 2040: based on the global burden of disease study 2021.

Objectives: To comprehensively analyze the current situation and the trends over the next 21 years, focusing on health inequalities related to edentulism among the elderly across global regions.

Materials And Methods: Data on edentulism in older adults were collected from the 2021 global burden of disease (GBD) study. Disease burden trends were analyzed using a joinpoint model.