A new species of Gosline, 1951 (Actinopterygii, Ophichthidae) from Taiwan.

A unique species of the flappy-snake eel genus, , is described based on a single specimen (270 mm in total length) collected from Dong-gang, southwestern Taiwan. The new species possesses several characters that are distinct from the only other species in the genus, . can be easily distinguished from by having two papillae inside of nasal tube (vs three in ), 25 branchiostegal rays (vs 29), the dorsal-fin origin positioned behind the tip of the pectoral fin (vs not behind, usually above mid-pectoral fin), and the absence of the maxillary teeth (vs present).

Species of the snake eel genus Whitley, 1940 from Taiwan, with descriptions of a new species and two new records (Anguilliformes, Ophichthidae).

The slender snake eel genus from Taiwan is reviewed, and a total of four species are recognized, including a new species described here. is described based on four specimens collected from western Taiwan. It can be distinguished from congeners by the dorsal-fin origin situated above the gill opening, the tip of lower jaw not reaching the base of the anterior-nostril tube, 1 + 3 supraorbital pores, 7-8 predorsal vertebrae, and 147-152 total vertebrae.

An updated checklist of fishes of Dongsha Island, Taiwan, northern South China Sea.

Dongsha Island, situated in the northern part of the South China Sea, is surrounded by coral reefs and deep-sea habitats. The coastal areas of the atoll, a marine protected area, serve as important nursery habitats for many reef fish species. At the same time, the offshore deep-sea continental slopes are historically important fishing grounds.

A new species of the jawfish genus from Taiwan, northwestern Pacific Ocean (Perciformes, Opistognathidae).

A new species of jawfish genus is described based on a specimen collected from a beach in the Peng-hu Islands during a cold snap. The new species, , differs from its congeners in having a rigid upper jaw, 10-11 + 1 + 19-22 = 31-33 gill rakers, 55 scale rows in lateral series, 10 + 16 = 26 vertebrae, the terminus of the lateral line at the base of the fourth segmented dorsal-fin ray (15 in total rays), the head, nape, dorsal-fin base above lateral line, throat, chest, and pectoral-fin base naked, dorsal fin with eight blotches along its entire base, body with five horizontal dark stripes, nape with two dark blotches in front of the dorsal-fin origin, and a caudal fin with five narrow, dark bands. A detailed description is provided and compared to its similar congeners.

Verification of two barracudina species (Tanaka, 1908) and (Fowler, 1934) (Aulopiformes, Paralepididae).

Examination of the type series of Tanaka reveals that the generally accepted concept of this species does not accord with the type series. A historical review of the literature showed that the characterization of changed over time, and what has been recognized as "" for more than 70 years actually represents a distinct and different species. Among the junior synonyms of "", Fowler, 1934 is resurrected as a valid species herein in a new combination, .

Descriptions of two new dark-body snake eels of the genus (Anguilliformes, Ophichthidae) from Taiwan.

Two new species of dark-body snake eels are described based on specimens collected from Taiwan. has a long tail; dorsal-fin origin above posterior third of pectoral fin; tip of lower jaw anterior to anterior-nostril tube; two simple, pointed protrusions along upper lip; preoperculomandibular pores 6 or 7 + 3; teeth on jaws and vomer mostly uniserial, except for biserial on posterior portion of maxilla and anterior portion of symphysis of dentary; vertebral formula 12-55-153 and median fins with narrow dark margins, except the pale fin origins. has a dorsal-fin origin well behind gill opening; mainly 4 rows of teeth on jaws; no protrusions along upper lip; a smaller head; mean vertebral formula 24-64-163 and pale median fins.

A New Cryptic Species of Splitfin Fish from Taiwan with Revision of the Genus (Acropomatiformes: Synagropidae.

A new species of splitfin fish, sp. nov., from Dongsha Island, Taiwan, South China Sea, is described based on its morphological characteristics, including osteology and otolith morphology, and DNA sequence.

New record of Engyprosopon macrolepis (Regan, 1908) from Taiwan (Pleuronectiformes: Bothidae).

Specimens of the largescale dwarf flounder, Engyprosopon macrolepis (Regan, 1908) (Pleuronectiformes: Bothidae), were collected from the fishery landing of Chi-kan, Peng-hu Islands, western Taiwan. Although this species has been recorded from western Pacific Ocean including the Philippines and Japan, it has never been recorded from Taiwanese waters. Therefore, our specimens represent the first record for Taiwanese waters and fill a gap in the distribution of this species between the two countries.

Redescriptions of two Lestidiops species (Aulopiformes: Paralepididae) from Japan, with comments on their morphology.

Specimens of two barracudina species, Lestidiops sphyraenopsis Hubbs and Lestidiops ringens (Jordan & Gilbert), collected from Japan, were examined. Both species were originally described from the northeastern Pacific and are widespread in both sides of northern Pacific Ocean. Diagnoses, detailed descriptions, and complete morphological data for both species are provided.

Description of a large specimen of Paralepis elongata (Brauer, 1906) from Angola, southeastern Atlantic Ocean (Aulopiformes: Paralepididae).

The elongate barracudina, Paralepis elongata (Brauer, 1906), received limited attention in the past, with only a few individuals documented, mostly in publications focusing on the feeding habits of large predatory pelagic fishes. Furthermore, the taxonomic history of the species is complicated, with some earlier sources providing incorrect information that influenced subsequent works. As a result, the accurate distribution range of P.

First case of a reversed Amaoka & Shen, 1993 from Taiwan (Pleuronectiformes: Bothidae), with first evidence of in bothid.

Background: Reversed condition is rarely found in most flatfishes in natural environment, except for some certain species. The mechanism controlling the reversals in flatfishes has been studied in some cultivated species, whereas some have only few cases for the entire family and remain unclear. Here, we report the first record of a dextral (reversed) specimen of Amaoka & Shen, 1993 collected off southwestern Taiwan recently.

DNA mini-barcoding reveals the mislabeling rate of canned cat food in Taiwan.

Background: Domestic cats are important companion animals in modern society that live closely with their owners. Mislabeling of pet food can not only harm pets but also cause issues in areas such as religious beliefs and natural resource management. Currently, the cat food market is booming.

Record of the Amarsipa fish (Family Amarsipidae) from Pratas Island, South China Sea.

Two specimens of the rare Amarsipa fish, Amarsipus carlsbergi, were collected from Pratas Island in the northern South China Sea. They represent the first record of Taiwanese EEZ and fill the distribution gap in the northwestern Pacific Ocean between Japan (East China Sea) and Vietnam. The two specimens were identified based on their diagnostic characteristics, including no pharyngeal sacs, a pelvic fin well in front of the pectoral fin, a slender body and other morphology.

New species of the eel genera Dysomma and Dysommina from Vietnam, South China Sea (Anguilliformes: Synaphobranchidae).

Two new cutthroat eel species are described from Vietnam. Dysomma intermedium sp. nov.

Redescription of the hispidoberycid, Kotlyar, 1981 from Taiwan, with comments on its morphology (Beryciformes, Stephanoberycoidei, Hispidoberycidae).

A rare spiny-scale pricklefish, Kotlyar, 1981, is redescribed based on four specimens collected from Taiwan. Their sampling locality represents the northernmost record of the family, which extends the family's distribution from the eastern Indian Ocean and the South China Sea to northeastern Taiwan in the northwestern Pacific Ocean. A detailed description of these specimens and the first description of its sagittal otoliths are provided.

Foxn1 is not essential for T-cell development in teleosts.

In mammals, T-cell development depends on the activity of the Foxn1 transcription factor in the thymic epithelium; mutations in the vertebrate-specific Foxn1 gene are associated with profound T-cell lymphopenia and fatal immunodeficiency. Here, we examined the extent of T-cell development in teleosts lacking a functional foxn1 gene. In zebrafish carrying a deleterious internal deletion of foxn1, reduced but robust lymphopoietic activity is maintained in the mutant thymus.

New records of a rare gibberfish, (Stephanoberyciformes, Gibberichthyidae), from the South China Sea, with comments on morphological characters.

The gibberfish is recorded for the first time from southwestern Taiwan, northern South China Sea, based on the collection of seven adults and subadults from the Dong-gang fish market, Pingtung. These specimens represent the northernmost extent of the adult range of the species, and they fill a distributional gap in the western Pacific Ocean. Our findings suggest that a population of the species has become recently established in the region.

Redescription of Lestidiops distans (Ege, 1953) and comments on Lestidiops cadenati (Maul, 1962) from the eastern Atlantic Ocean (Teleostei: Aulopiformes).

The paralepidid species Lestidiops distans (Ege, 1953) is redescribed on the basis of adult specimens collected from the eastern Atlantic Ocean. Observations on the holotype, a detailed description, and full data of the adults are provided. The complete lateral line running to the caudal fin base found in L.

Okamejei picta sp. nov., a new rajid skate from the South China Sea (Rajiformes: Rajidae).

A new species of Okamejei is described based on two adult males collected from deep waters in the South China Sea. The new species, Okamejei picta sp. nov.

New records of two roughy fish species of and a confirmed record of Kotlyar, 1980 (Trachichthyiformes, Trachichthyidae) from Taiwan.

Two rarely caught species of the roughy fish genus have been identified for the first time in the fish collections of Taiwan. The first, Roberts & Gomon, 2012 was previously known only from two type specimens collected in the Southern Hemisphere off the coast of New Caledonia. Its distribution is now extended to the Northern Hemisphere off the coast of Pingtung, southern Taiwan.

Adult morphology and redescription of (Ege, 1953), with comments on the features of related species (Teleostei, Aulopiformes, Paralepididae).

Two specimens representing the first known adults of (Ege, 1953) are reported and described from Taiwan, and the validity and generic assignment of this species are confirmed. The origin of the pelvic fin directly below the dorsal-fin base shows that belongs to the species complex. It can be separated from its congeners by the position of the nostrils above the posterior end of the maxilla, the light body color with unevenly distributed melanophores in adults, and a distinct combination of meristic values and other morphological characteristics.

A new species of the congrid eel genus Bathycongrus (Order Anguilliformes) from eastern Taiwan.

A new species of the congrid eel genus Bathycongrus is described on the basis of three specimens collected from the deep waters of eastern Taiwan. Bathycongrus melanostomus sp. nov.