Zeeman laser scanning confocal microscope and its ability on reduction of specimen-induced spherical aberration.

The spherical aberration induced by refractive-index mismatch results in the degradation on the quality of sectioning images in conventional confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM). In this research, we have derived the theory of image formation in a Zeeman laser scanning confocal microscope (ZLSCM) and conducted experiments in order to verify the ability of reducing spherical aberration in ZLSCM. A Zeeman laser is used as the light source and produces the linearly polarized photon-pairs (LPPP) laser beam.

Properties of a diffused photon-pair density wave in a multiple-scattering medium.

A novel diffused photon-pair density wave (DPPDW) composed of correlated polarized photon pairs at different temporal frequencies and orthogonal linearly polarized states is proposed. A theory of DPPDWs is developed. A DPPDW selected by coherence gating and polarization gating that satisfies the diffusion equation has been verified experimentally.