Haploinsufficiency of the Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Risk Gene in Mice Causes Alterations in Cognition and Expression of Genes Involved in Myelination and Sialylation.

Genome wide association meta-analysis identified , a gene encoding the beta-galactosidase-alpha-2,3-sialyltransferase-III, as a risk gene for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Although loss-of-function mutations in are implicated in non-syndromic autosomal recessive intellectual disability (NSARID) and West syndrome, the impact of haploinsufficiency on brain function and the pathophysiology of neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs), such as ADHD, is unknown. Since null mutant mice display severe developmental delay and neurological deficits, we investigated the effects of partial inactivation of in heterozygous (HET) knockout ( ) mice on behavior as well as expression of markers linked to myelination processes and sialylation pathways.

A Common Variant Is Associated with Low Agreeableness and Neural Responses to Working Memory Tasks in ADHD.

The cell-cell signaling gene is associated with a wide spectrum of neuropsychiatric disorders, including attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), autism, and major depression. regulates axonal outgrowth and synapse formation, substantiating its relevance for neurodevelopmental processes. Several studies support the influence of on personality traits, behavior, and executive functions.

Cadherin-13 Deficiency Increases Dorsal Raphe 5-HT Neuron Density and Prefrontal Cortex Innervation in the Mouse Brain.

During early prenatal stages of brain development, serotonin (5-HT)-specific neurons migrate through somal translocation to form the raphe nuclei and subsequently begin to project to their target regions. The rostral cluster of cells, comprising the median and dorsal raphe (DR), innervates anterior regions of the brain, including the prefrontal cortex. Differential analysis of the mouse 5-HT system transcriptome identified enrichment of cell adhesion molecules in 5-HT neurons of the DR.