Ultrasound-guided suprascapular nerve block with lidocaine vs. saline combined with physical exercises for the rehabilitation of supraspinatus tendinitis: a randomized double-blind controlled trial.

Introduction: Shoulder pain is the third leading cause of musculoskeletal complaints in primary care clinics. Its prevalence varies from 14% to 34%. Among all the structures that can cause shoulder pain, the most vulnerable to injury is the tendon of the supraspinatus muscle.

Surgery is associated with better long-term outcomes than pharmacological treatment for obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Obesity is a highly prevalent disease with numerous complications. Both intensive medical treatment with the use of pharmacological drugs and bariatric surgery are current options. The objective of this meta-analysis was to compare, in the long-term, intensive medical treatment and surgery based on twelve parameters related to weight loss, cardiovascular and endocrine changes.

The impact of low-mode symmetry on inertial fusion energy output in the burning plasma state.

Indirect Drive Inertial Confinement Fusion Experiments on the National Ignition Facility (NIF) have achieved a burning plasma state with neutron yields exceeding 170 kJ, roughly 3 times the prior record and a necessary stage for igniting plasmas. The results are achieved despite multiple sources of degradations that lead to high variability in performance. Results shown here, for the first time, include an empirical correction factor for mode-2 asymmetry in the burning plasma regime in addition to previously determined corrections for radiative mix and mode-1.

Time-resolved X-ray diffraction diagnostic development for the National Ignition Facility.

We present the development of an experimental platform that can collect four frames of x-ray diffraction data along a single line of sight during laser-driven, dynamic-compression experiments at the National Ignition Facility. The platform is comprised of a diagnostic imager built around ultrafast sensors with a 2-ns integration time, a custom target assembly that serves also to shield the imager, and a 10-ns duration, quasi-monochromatic x-ray source produced by laser-generated plasma. We demonstrate the performance with diffraction data for Pb ramp compressed to 150 GPa and illuminated by a Ge x-ray source that produces ∼7 × 1011, 10.

National Diagnostic Working Group (NDWG) for inertial confinement fusion (ICF)/high-energy density (HED) science: The whole exceeds the sum of its parts.

The National Diagnostic Working Group (NDWG) has led the effort to fully exploit the major inertial confinement fusion/high-energy density facilities in the US with the best available diagnostics. These diagnostics provide key data used to falsify early theories for ignition and suggest new theories, recently leading to an experiment that exceeds the Lawson condition required for ignition. The factors contributing to the success of the NDWG, collaboration and scope evolution, and the methods of accomplishment of the NDWG are discussed in this Review.

Extended X-ray absorption fine structure of dynamically-compressed copper up to 1 terapascal.

Large laser facilities have recently enabled material characterization at the pressures of Earth and Super-Earth cores. However, the temperature of the compressed materials has been largely unknown, or solely relied on models and simulations, due to lack of diagnostics under these challenging conditions. Here, we report on temperature, density, pressure, and local structure of copper determined from extended x-ray absorption fine structure and velocimetry up to 1 Terapascal.

Cirrhosis and hernia repair in a cohort of 6352 patients in a tertiary hospital: Risk assessment and survival analysis.

The prevalence of hernias in patient with cirrhosis can reach up to 40%. The pathophysiology of cirrhosis is closely linked to that of the umbilical hernia, but other types are also common in this population. The aim of this study is to evaluate factors that influence in the prognosis after hernia repair in patients with cirrhosis.

A combined MeV-neutron and x-ray source for the National Ignition Facility.

In support of future radiation-effects testing, a combined environment source has been developed for the National Ignition Facility (NIF), utilizing both NIF's long-pulse beams, and the Advanced Radiographic Capability (ARC) short pulse lasers. First, ARC was used to illuminate a gold foil at high-intensity, generating a significant x-ray signal >1 MeV. This was followed by NIF 10 ns later to implode an exploding pusher target filled with fusionable gas for neutron generation.

MICRObiota on BILIOpancreatic malignant diseases [MICROBILIO]: A systematic review.

Introduction: The increase in the incidence of pancreatic and biliary cancers has attracted the search for methods of early detection of diseases and biomarkers. The authors propose to analyze new findings on the association between microbiota and Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma (PDAC) or Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA).

Methods: This systematic review was carried out according to the items of Preferred Reports for Systematic Reviews and Protocol Meta-Analysis (PRISMA-P).

Comparing dextrose prolotherapy with other substances in knee osteoarthritis pain relief: A systematic review.

The objective of this study is to compare the effectiveness of dextrose-prolotherapy with other substances for pain relief in patients with primary knee osteoarthritis. The literature screening was done in January 2021 through Medline (PubMed), EMBASE, and Database of the National Institute of Health based on the following criteria: randomized clinical trials that subjected patients with primary knee osteoarthritis who underwent treatment with dextrose-prolotherapy and other substances for pain relief. Paired reviewers independently identified 3381 articles and included 8 trials that met the eligibility criteria.

Burning plasma achieved in inertial fusion.

Obtaining a burning plasma is a critical step towards self-sustaining fusion energy. A burning plasma is one in which the fusion reactions themselves are the primary source of heating in the plasma, which is necessary to sustain and propagate the burn, enabling high energy gain. After decades of fusion research, here we achieve a burning-plasma state in the laboratory.

Effects of neuroplasticity in people with knee osteoarthritis: A systematic review of the literature.

Background: Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is associated with chronic inflammation in somatic structures, which alters sensory afferents and leads to plastic changes in the nervous system.

Methods: A systematic literature review was carried out, without language restrictions, period, or status of publication. The database used were Medline, EMBASE, Cochrane Library and clinicaltrials.

Comparative effect of dense-and-disperse versus non-repetitive and non-sequential frequencies in electroacupuncture-induced analgesia in a rodent model of peripheral neuropathic pain.

Background: Neuropathic pain (NP) is a complex disease that remains challenging to treat. Low-frequency dense-and-disperse (DD) electroacupuncture (EA) has been used as adjuvant therapy for neuropathic pain; however, its analgesic effect decreases as stimulation time increases, or when it is repeatedly used. We hypothesized that a new frequency parameter could improve the effectiveness of EA, and aimed to compare the efficacy and duration of the analgesic effect between classic DD-EA and non-repetitive and non-sequential frequency (random frequency (RF)-EA) in neuropathic rats.

Observation of Hydrodynamic Flows in Imploding Fusion Plasmas on the National Ignition Facility.

Inertial confinement fusion implosions designed to have minimal fluid motion at peak compression often show significant linear flows in the laboratory, attributable per simulations to percent-level imbalances in the laser drive illumination symmetry. We present experimental results which intentionally varied the mode 1 drive imbalance by up to 4% to test hydrodynamic predictions of flows and the resultant imploded core asymmetries and performance, as measured by a combination of DT neutron spectroscopy and high-resolution x-ray core imaging. Neutron yields decrease by up to 50%, and anisotropic neutron Doppler broadening increases by 20%, in agreement with simulations.

The Development of Feeding and Eating Disorders after Bariatric Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Patients in the postoperative period following bariatric surgery are at risk of developing eating disorders. This study aims to analyze the relation between bariatric surgery and the development and recurrence of eating disorders.

Material And Methods: A literature review was carried out on 15 November 2020.

Diagnosing plasma magnetization in inertial confinement fusion implosions using secondary deuterium-tritium reactions.

Diagnosing plasma magnetization in inertial confinement fusion implosions is important for understanding how magnetic fields affect implosion dynamics and to assess plasma conditions in magnetized implosion experiments. Secondary deuterium-tritium (DT) reactions provide two diagnostic signatures to infer neutron-averaged magnetization. Magnetically confining fusion tritons from deuterium-deuterium (DD) reactions in the hot spot increases their path lengths and energy loss, leading to an increase in the secondary DT reaction yield.

The development of laparoscopic skills using virtual reality simulations: A systematic review.

Background: Teaching based on virtual reality simulators in medicine has expanded in recent years due to the limitations of more traditional methods, especially for surgical procedures such as laparoscopy.

Purpose Of Review: To analyze the effects of using virtual reality simulations on the development of laparoscopic skills in medical students and physicians.

Data Sources: The literature screening was done in April 2020 through Medline (PubMed), EMBASE and Database of the National Institute of Health.

Acupuncture for the Treatment of Itch: Literature Review and Future Perspectives.

Chronic pruritus is a prevalent, multifactorial and debilitating condition that is often underestimated. This article reviews current evidence to evaluate the efficacy of acupuncture for the treatment of itch. Although many researchers have conducted observational studies, clinical trials, and systematic reviews on the subject, the lack of more-robust and well-designed studies to prove the effectiveness of acupuncture in the management of itch is evident.

Developing "inverted-corona" fusion targets as high-fluence neutron sources.

We present experimental studies of inverted-corona targets as neutron sources at the OMEGA Laser Facility and the National Ignition Facility (NIF). Laser beams are directed onto the inner walls of a capsule via laser-entrance holes (LEHs), heating the target interior to fusion conditions. The fusion fuel is provided either as a wall liner, e.