A Low-Modulus Phosphatidylserine-Exposing Microvesicle Alleviates Skin Inflammation via Persistent Blockade of M1 Macrophage Polarization.

Inflammatory skin diseases comprise a group of skin conditions characterized by damage to skin function due to overactive immune responses. These disorders not only impair the barrier function of the skin but also deteriorate the quality of life and increase the risk of psychiatric issues. Here, a low-modulus phosphatidylserine-exposing microvesicle (deformed PSV, D-PSV) was produced, characterized, and evaluated for its potential therapeutic function against skin diseases.

Investigation of Basic Assumption for Contact Between Spheric Asperities in Rough Surface.

Accurate analyses of contact problems for rough surfaces are important but complicated. Some assumptions, namely that all asperities can be approximated by a hemisphere with the same radius and assuming a Gaussian distribution of the asperity heights, are convenient but may lead to less accurate results. The purpose of this work is to investigate these assumptions and analyze the conditions under which they are valid.

Experimental Investigation and Modeling of Surface Roughness in BTA Deep Hole Drilling with Vibration Assisted.

The surface roughness of hole machining greatly influences the mechanical properties of parts, such as early fatigue failure and corrosion resistance. The boring and trepanning association (BTA) deep hole drilling with axial vibration assistance is a compound machining process of the tool cutting and the guide block extrusion. At the same time, the surface of the hole wall is also ironed by the axial large amplitude and low-frequency vibration of the guide block.

Enhanced Mechanical and Acoustic Properties of Basalt Fiber/Polyurethane Composites by Silane Coupling Agents.

Modified basalt microfiber-reinforced polyurethane elastomer composites were prepared by a semi-prepolymer method with two different silane coupling agents (KH550 and KH560) in this study. Infrared spectroscopy was used to quantify the degree of microphase separation and analyze the formation of hydrogen bonding in polyurethane. The interfacial surface and the morphology of fibers and composites from tensile fracture were examined by a scanning electron microscope.

Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis of the Gene Family in Roses ( Jacq.).

Calmodulin-binding transcription activator (), as one of the transcription factors, is involved in performing important functions in modulating plant stress responses and development in a Ca/CaM-driven modus. However, genome-scale analysis of has not been systemically investigated in roses. Rose ( Jacq.

Influence of Sulfur Fumigation on Angelicae Dahuricae Radix: Insights from Chemical Profiles, MALDI-MSI and Anti-Inflammatory Activities.

Background: Angelicae Dahuricae Radix (ADR) is used as both a traditional Chinese medicine and a food ingredient in China and East Asian countries. ADR is generally sun-dried post-harvest but is sometimes sulfur-fumigated to prevent decay and rot. Although there are some studies on the effect of sulfur fumigation on ADR, they are not comprehensive.

Generation of Codon-Optimized Fad3 Gene Transgenic Bovine That Produce More n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids.

Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) such as linoleic acid (18:2, n-6) and α-linolenic acid (18:3, n-3) are essential for the growth, development, and well-being of mammals. However, most mammals, including humans, cannot synthesize n-3 and n-6 PUFAs and these must be obtained through diet. The beneficial effect of converting n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-6 PUFAs) into n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) has led to extensive research on the flax fatty acid desaturase 3 () gene, which encodes fatty acid desaturase.

Development and validation of a novel coronary artery disease risk prediction model.

Objective: This study aims to develop a novel risk assessment tool for coronary artery disease (CAD) based on data of patients with chest pain in outpatient and emergency department, thereby facilitating the effective identification and management of high-risk patients.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on patients hospitalized for chest pain. Patients were divided into a control group and a CAD group based on angiographic results.

Intratumoral and peritumoral radiomics for forecasting microsatellite status in gastric cancer: a multicenter study.

Objective: This investigation attempted to examine the effectiveness of CT-derived peritumoral and intratumoral radiomics in forecasting microsatellite instability (MSI) status preoperatively among gastric cancer (GC) patients.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on GC patients from February 2019 to December 2023 across three healthcare institutions. 364 patients (including 41 microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) and 323 microsatellite instability-low/stable (MSI-L/S)) were stratified into a training set (n = 202), an internal validation set (n = 84), and an external validation set (n = 78).

Endothelial IGFBP6 suppresses vascular inflammation and atherosclerosis.

Beyond dyslipidemia, inflammation contributes to the development of atherosclerosis. However, intrinsic factors that counteract vascular inflammation and atherosclerosis remain scarce. Here we identify insulin-like growth factor binding protein 6 (IGFBP6) as a homeostasis-associated molecule that restrains endothelial inflammation and atherosclerosis.

A BCG kill switch strain protects against Mycobacterium tuberculosis in mice and non-human primates with improved safety and immunogenicity.

Improved vaccination strategies for tuberculosis are needed. Intravenous (i.v.

Engineered Mycobacterium tuberculosis triple-kill-switch strain provides controlled tuberculosis infection in animal models.

Human challenge experiments could accelerate tuberculosis vaccine development. This requires a safe Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) strain that can both replicate in the host and be reliably cleared. Here we genetically engineered Mtb strains encoding up to three kill switches: two mycobacteriophage lysin operons negatively regulated by tetracycline and a degron domain-NadE fusion, which induces ClpC1-dependent degradation of the essential enzyme NadE, negatively regulated by trimethoprim.

Comprehensive discovery and functional characterization of the noncanonical proteome.

The systematic identification and functional characterization of noncanonical translation products, such as novel peptides, will facilitate the understanding of the human genome and provide new insights into cell biology. Here, we constructed a high-coverage peptide sequencing reference library with 11,668,944 open reading frames and employed an ultrafiltration tandem mass spectrometry assay to identify novel peptides. Through these methods, we discovered 8945 previously unannotated peptides from normal gastric tissues, gastric cancer tissues and cell lines, nearly half of which were derived from noncoding RNAs.

Accessing ultrastable glass via a bulk transformation.

As a medium to understand the nature of glass transition, ultrastable glasses have garnered increasing attention for their significance in fundamental science and technological applications. Most studies have produced ultrastable glasses through a surface-controlled process using physical vapor deposition. Here, we demonstrate an approach to accessing ultrastable glasses via the glass-to-glass transition, a bulk transformation that is inherently free from size constraints and anisotropy.

[Analysis of risk factors of diaphragmatic hernia after thoraco-laparoscopic minimally invasive McKeown esophagectomy].

To explore the related risk factors of diaphragmatic hernia after thoraco-laparoscopic minimally invasive Mckeown esophagectomy (MIME). This is a retrospective controlled study. A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of patients who underwent MIME at the Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, from January 2016 to December 2023.

Unexpectedly life-threatening meal: Contamination by Bongkrekic acid in Taiwan.

Objective: Bongkrekic acid (BKA) is a life-threatening toxin linked to foodborne illnesses. Herein, we report two fatalities among 33 patients who ingested BKA in March 2024, East Taipei, Taiwan.

Case Report: Our first case involved a 40-year-old female who presented with nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea after consuming wet rice noodles.

Unravelling the Difference of Immune Microenvironment Characteristics between Esophageal Basaloid Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Conventional Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Objectives: Esophageal basaloid squamous cell carcinoma (basaloid ESCC) is an uncommon variant of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). We characterized the tumor immune microenvironment features of basaloid ESCC, and compared them with conventional ESCC.

Methods And Results: One hundred and four basaloid ESCC patients and 55 conventional ESCC patients were included in Cohort 1.

Room temperature synthesis of one-dimensional hierarchical hollow BiOBr with tunable photocatalysis reaction pathway for RhB under visible light.

One-dimensional (1D) hierarchical photocatalyst has the advantages of 1D materials and hierarchical materials, which is a kind of potential high performance photocatalytic materials. However, how to efficiently synthesize 1D hierarchical BiOBr is still a huge challenge. Herein, 1D rod-like BiO(OH)(NO)·3HO, the hydrolysis product of Bi(NO)·5HO, was acted as both the template and Bi source to synthesize 1D hierarchical hollow BiOBr (1DHHBr) through a facile solution stirring method at room temperature, using KBr as Br source.

Metallothionein rescues doxorubicin cardiomyopathy via mitigation of cuproptosis.

Doxorubicin (DOX), a chemotherapeutic agent utilized in the management of cancer, provokes cardiotoxicity although effective remedy is lacking. Given that DOX provokes oxidative stress and cell death in cardiomyocytes, this study evaluated the possible involvement of cuproptosis, a newly identified form of cell death, in DOX-instigated cardiac remodeling and contractile dysfunction, alongside the impact of the heavy metal scavenger metallothionein (MT) on DOX cardiomyopathy. Cardiac-specific MT transgenic and wild-type (WT) mice were treated with DOX (5 mg/kg/wk.

Engineering of a (R)-selective Baeyer-Villiger monooxygenase to minimize overoxidation activity for asymmetric synthesis of active pharmaceutical prazoles.

Baeyer-Villiger monooxygenases (BVMOs) can catalyze the asymmetric sulfoxidation to form pharmaceutical prazoles in environmentally friendly approach. In this work, the thermostable BVMO named PockeMO had high sulfoxidation activity towards rabeprazole sulfide to form (R)-rabeprazole but demonstrated significant overoxidation activity to form undesired sulfone by-product. To address this issue, the enzyme was engineered based on the computer assisted comparison for the substrate binding conformations.

Abnormal dynamic functional networks during pain-free periods: Resting-state co-activation pattern analysis in primary dysmenorrhea: Abnormal dynamic functional networks in primary dysmenorrhea.

Chronic pain alters the configuration of brain functional networks. Primary dysmenorrhea (PDM) is a form of chronic visceral pain, which has been identified spatial alterations in brain functional networks using static functional connectivity analysis methods. However, the dynamics alterations of brain functional networks during pain-free periovulation phase remain unclear.

Clinical factors for all-cause mortality in people with schizophrenia: A retrospective cohort study between 2013 and 2021.

Background: Schizophrenia is a severe mental illness associated with significantly elevated mortality rates. However, factors related to the mortality risk among people with schizophrenia in low and middle-income countries remain to be examined. This study aims to explore the clinical factors for all-cause mortality in people with schizophrenia.

Electrostatic self-assembly of g-CN/AgInS heterostructures with electronic localization at sulfur site for enhanced CO photoreduction performance.

The efficiency of graphitic carbon nitride (g-CN) in photocatalytic reduction of carbon dioxide (CO) is inhibited by the constrained CO chemisorption, insufficient light absorption and quick charge recombination. To address these problems, we successfully synthesized g-CN/AgInS (CN/AgInS) heterostructured photocatalytic materials via an electrostatic self-assembly method. An intimate phase contact between CN and AgInS is formed, paving the way for the charge transfer and redistribution near the interface of the CN/AgInS heterostructures.

Photocatalytic selective oxidation of glycerol to formic acid and formaldehyde over surface cobalt-doped titanium dioxide.

Glycerol is one of the most important biomass platform compounds that is a by-product of biodiesel production, and the selective cleavage of the CC bond of glycerol to produce liquid hydrogen carriers (i.e., formic acid and formaldehyde) offers a viable strategy to alleviate the currently faced energy shortages.

Multidimensional analysis of the flavor characteristics of yellow peach at different ripening stages: Chemical composition profiling and sensory evaluation.

The flavor evolution of yellow peaches during ripening was investigated using a gas chromatography-mass spectrometer (GC-MS), metabolomics, and electronic sensoristic techniques. Of the 41 volatiles quantified, 13 increased the intensity of the aroma based on the odor activity values (OAVs). Additionally, 142 non-volatile compounds were identified.