Efficacy of a Wearable Activity Tracker With Step-by-Step Goal-Setting on Older Adults' Physical Activity and Sarcopenia Indicators: Clustered Trial.

Background: Smart wearable technology has potential benefits for promoting physical activity and preventing sarcopenia.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to explore the efficacy of a wearable activity tracker with 2-stage goal-setting for daily steps on older adults' physical activity and sarcopenia indicators.

Methods: The study used a clustered trial design and was conducted in March to June 2022.

Actual and Virtual Parks Benefit Quality of Life and Physical Activity: A Cluster Trial.

Urban parks provide connectedness to nature as a health resilience environment for promoting health. Virtual reality can provide opportunities for urban citizens to be exposed to natural elements with health benefits. The purpose was to explore the effects of actual and virtual parks on the quality of life and physical activity of urban residents.

The Effect of Social Robots on Depression and Loneliness for Older Residents in Long-Term Care Facilities: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Objectives: Depression and loneliness are challenges facing older residents living in long-term care facilities. Social robots might be a solution as nonpharmacologic interventions. The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of concrete forms of social robots on depression and loneliness in older residents in long-term care facilities by a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Leisure Participation for Mental Health Promotion in Later Life: A Six-Year Longitudinal Study.

Engaging in leisure activities is essential for mental health in older adults. This longitudinal study ( = 1,101, mean age = 69.20 ± 6.

Prevalence of sarcopenia and its association with diet and physical activity in older adults with type 2 diabetes: A cross-sectional study.

This cross-sectional study explored the prevalence of sarcopenia in older adults with type 2 diabetes and investigated the effects of diet and physical activity on sarcopenia. In total, 577 older adults with diabetes were recruited from a teaching hospital in Taiwan. Diet and physical activity were assessed using self-rated questionnaires, including the Healthy Diet Inventory, the Mini Nutritional Assessment-Short Form, and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form.

Associations between older adults' social media use behaviors and psychosocial well-being.

Background: Research examining associations between social media use behaviors and psychosocial well-being among older adults are limited.

Aims: To explore associations between older adults' social media (social networking services and instant messaging applications) use behaviors and psychosocial well-being.

Methods: This was a secondary data analysis.

Health comparisons between active and inactive transport modes in urban adults with chronic conditions: A cross-sectional study.

An active transport mode provides an opportunity for integrating physical activity into one's daily life through walking, cycling, and the use of public transportation. The purpose of this study was to compare urban adults with chronic conditions who used active and inactive transport modes and to find differences in their health outcomes. A cross-sectional study was conducted from September 2019 to May 2020.

Awareness of and subjective needs for post-discharge healthcare services among older adult patients.

Background: Increasing patient awareness of post-discharge care resources is an effective strategy to reduce rehospitalization rates and medical costs. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to explore hospitalized older adult patients' awareness of and subjective demands for post-discharge healthcare services.

Methods: A cross-sectional study design was conducted from November 2018 to May 2020.

Effects of virtual reality natural experiences on factory workers' psychological and physiological stress.

Introduction: Manufacturing facilities and factories are stressful work environments. Interventions to improve factory workers' stress is necessary to promote occupational health. This study aimed to examine the effects of virtual reality natural experiences on furniture factory employees' psychological and physiological stress.

An Exploration of Sedentary Behavior, Physical Activity, and Quality of Life During the COVID-19 Outbreak.

Staying physically active is a cost-efficient strategy for disease prevention during a pandemic. The purposes of this study were to explore precautionary behaviors, psychological factors associated with physical activity and sedentary behavior, and impacts of active and sedentary lifestyles on the quality of life in the early stage of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak. Participants were community-dwelling adults aged over 20 years who had not been infected with COVID-19 and who lived in the United States.

Substituting sedentary time with physical activity in youngest-old to oldest-old community-dwelling older adults: Associations with body composition.

Introduction: Several studies have suggested that physical activity and sedentary behavior are strongly and independently associated with body composition and obesity. However, few studies have investigated whether substituting sedentary time with moderate-to-vigorous physical activity is associated with body composition in older adults, especially among those older than 75 years.

Methods: This study examined the associations between replacing sedentary time with physical activity and obesity indices in a sample of 199 community-dwelling older Taiwanese adults (52.

Smartphone app-based interventions targeting physical activity for weight management: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background: Being overweight and obese are major public health challenges worldwide. Smartphone apps are an innovative platform to deliver physical activity modifications for weight management. This study aimed to explore the efficacy of smartphone app-based interventions targeting physical activity for obesity-related outcomes and compare the efficacy among behavioral change techniques.

Domain-specific Physical Activity and the Risk of All-cause Mortality Among Middle-aged and Older Adults in Taiwan: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Background: The impact of meeting leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) recommendations and household physical activity (HPA) on all-cause mortality in the Taiwanese population is unclear. We aimed to investigate the relationship between sufficient LTPA and all-cause mortality in middle-aged and older Taiwanese adults and the role of HPA in those with insufficient LTPA.

Methods: This nationwide prospective cohort study included 4,960 participants aged ≥50 years from the Taiwan Longitudinal Study in Aging (TLSA) survey.

Effects of Probiotic Supplementation on Immune and Inflammatory Markers in Athletes: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials.

: Probiotic supplementation can prevent and alleviate gastrointestinal and respiratory tract infections in healthy individuals. Markers released from the site of inflammation are involved in the response to infection or tissue injury. Therefore, we measured the pre-exercise and postexercise levels of inflammation-related markers-tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, IL-10, interferon (IFN)-γ, salivary immunoglobulin A (IgA), IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, and C-reactive protein (CRP)-in probiotic versus placebo groups to investigate the effects of probiotics on these markers in athletes.

Lifestyle factors associated with muscle quality in community-dwelling older people with type 2 diabetes in Japan and Taiwan: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), common in older people, is an important reason for muscle loss in Japanese and Taiwanese populations. However, little is known about the association between lifestyle behaviours and muscle quality. We aimed to compare the lifestyle behaviours of Japanese and Taiwanese older adults with T2DM and to the identify lifestyle factors associated with muscle quality.

Walking and cycling for health: A multi-group analysis of path models between genders.

Aims: Walking and cycling are beneficial for urban adults' health. Transport and recreation are modifiable domains of major physical activity resources. The purposes of this study were to explore associations among psychological and environmental factors, walking and cycling behaviours and quality of life by developing a path model and comparing gender differences.

Effects of discharge planning services and unplanned readmissions on post-hospital mortality in older patients: A time-varying survival analysis.

Background: Older patients often encounter negative health outcomes after discharge from the hospital. The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of discharge planning services and unplanned readmissions on the risk of death within 1 year after discharge in older patients.

Method: A prospective observational study was conducted from November 2018 to May 2020.

Social engagement for mental health: An international survey of older populations.

Background And Purpose: Social engagement is an important active aging strategy to promote older adults' mental health. The purposes of this study were to compare social engagement in older populations around the world and explore associations with mental health outcomes.

Materials And Methods: An international cross-sectional survey was conducted from 2017 to 2019.

Exploration of risk factors for high-risk adverse events in elderly patients after discharge and comparison of discharge planning screening tools.

Objectives: Discharge planning is an effective strategy to prevent adverse health events and reduce medical expenditures. The high-risk target populations of discharged elderly patients and important predictors for the occurrence of adverse events are still not clear. Therefore, the purposes of this study were to examine the validity of discharge planning screening tools in sufficiently identifying high-risk adverse events to health after discharge and to compare two screening tools with our study model.

The efficacy of commercial smartwatches with a blood pressure-monitoring feature: A pilot randomized controlled trial.

Purpose: The purpose was to explore the efficacy of a commercial smartwatch with a blood pressure-monitoring feature.

Design: A randomized controlled trial.

Methods: Sixty healthy young adults were recruited.

Associations between cardiometabolic risks and physical activity in early adulthood: a cross-sectional study.

Objectives: Young adults' physical activity (PA) is a foundation of creating future healthy lifestyles. The purpose of this study was to explore differences in PA, sedentary behaviour, walkability and health beliefs among young adults with different levels of cardiometabolic risks and the influence of moderate-to-vigorous PA.

Design: A cross-sectional study was conducted using a structured questionnaire.

Smart Wearable Device Users' Behavior Is Essential for Physical Activity Improvement.

Backgrounds: This study aimed to explore the effect on physical activity and sedentary behavior of users of wearable devices, and understand the association between physical activity and behavior.

Methods: This study conducted a three-arm, randomized controlled trial for 12 weeks. Healthy adults without experience of using a wearable device were recruited and were randomly assigned to a control group with a mobile app and two experimental groups with different smart wearable devices.

Impacts of tai chi exercise on functional fitness in community-dwelling older adults with mild degenerative knee osteoarthritis: a randomized controlled clinical trial.

Background: Degenerative osteoarthritis (OA) often leads to pain and stiffness of the affected joints, which may affect the physical performance and decrease the quality of life of people with degenerative knee OA. Compared to traditional exercise, tai chi is a safe exercise with slow movements which can facilitate physical functioning and psychological well being, and might be suitable for improving the physical activities of older adults with knee OA. Therefore, this study investigated the impacts of tai chi exercise on the functional fitness of community-dwelling older adults with degenerative knee OA.