Longitudinal analysis of in-hospital cardiac arrest: trends in the incidence, mortality, and long-term survival of a nationwide cohort.

Background: In-hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA) poses a considerable threat to hospitalized patients, leading to high mortality rates and severe neurological deficits among survivors. Despite the advancements in resuscitation practices, the prognosis of IHCA remains poor, and comprehensive studies exploring nationwide trends and long-term survival are scarce, particularly in the Asian populations.

Methods: Utilizing data from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database, we conducted a nationwide cohort study to analyze the IHCA events among adult patients between 2003 and 2020.

Tp53 determines the spatial dynamics of M1/M2 tumor-associated macrophages and M1-driven tumoricidal effects.

The spatial role of M1 and M2 tumor-associated macrophages (M1/M2 TAMs) in precision medicine remains unclear. EGFR and TP53 are among the most frequently mutated genes in lung adenocarcinoma. We characterized the mutation status and density of M1/M2 TAMs within tumor islets and stroma in 117 lung adenocarcinomas using next-generation sequencing and immunohistochemistry, respectively.

Clinical Trial: Precise Administration of Sucralfate Powder in Prevention of Delayed Postpolypectomy Bleeding. A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background/aims: Delayed postpolypectomy bleeding occurs in approximately 1% to 2% of all patients undergoing colonoscopic polypectomy, and this rate increases to 6% in patients with large (>2 cm) colon polyps. Sucralfate can protect the mucosa and promote its healing. This study was conducted to investigate whether colonoscopic spraying of sucralfate powder on polypectomy wounds can prevent delayed postoperative bleeding.

Long-acting Injectable Aripiprazole (Abilify Maintena) Induced Rabbit Syndrome: A Case Report and Review of the Literature.

Rabbit syndrome (RS), characterized by fine, rapid, rhythmic movements along the mouth's vertical axis, is typically linked to prolonged antipsychotic medication use. Emerging evidence suggests newer antipsychotics' involvement in RS, prompting investigation into its association with long-acting injectable antipsychotics (LAIs) for schizophrenia or bipolar disorder. We report a case of RS observed in a patient diagnosed with bipolar I disorder and treated with Abilify Maintena, highlighting the importance of vigilance in monitoring adverse effects.

Hepatitis C virus-free endoscope procedures project: An in-hospital elimination approach.

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) elimination in the care cascades for patients receiving invasive procedures remains elusive. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of HCV-free Endoscope Procedures Project (CEPP) in the effort toward hospital HCV micro-elimination in Taiwan. An electronic medical record (EMR)-based remind system was introduced into gastrointestinal, surgical, urological, and gynecological departments prior to the endoscopy procedures.

Minimally invasive prone lateral retropleural or retroperitoneal antepsoas approach spinal surgery using the rotatable radiolucent Jackson table.

Background: Prone lateral spinal surgery for simultaneous lateral and posterior approaches has recently been proposed to facilitate surgical room efficiency. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the feasibility and outcomes of minimally invasive prone lateral spinal surgery using a rotatable radiolucent Jackson table.

Methods: From July 2021 to June 2023, a consecutive series of patients who received minimally invasive prone lateral spinal surgery for various etiologies by the same surgical team were reviewed.

Determination of fast axis and phase retardation of wave plates using polarization common-path vortex interferometry.

This Letter introduces a method for identifying the fast axis and phase retardation of wave plates by means of polarization common-path vortex interferometry. The technique utilizes a composite polarized vortex beam interacting with the wave plate under test. By analyzing the azimuth angle of the dark fringe in the interference pattern, the wave plate's characteristics are accurately extracted.

Gut microbiota modulation in cardiac cell therapy with immunosuppression in a nonhuman primate ischemia/reperfusion model.

Gut microbiota affect transplantation outcomes; however, the influence of immunosuppression and cell therapy on the gut microbiota in cardiovascular care remains unexplored. We investigated gut microbiota dynamics in a nonhuman primate (NHP) cardiac ischemia/reperfusion model while under immunosuppression and receiving cell therapy with human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-derived endothelial cells (EC) and cardiomyocytes (CM). Both immunosuppression and EC/CM co-treatment increased gut microbiota alpha diversity.

Outcomes of upfront primary tumor resection in patients with synchronous wild-type metastatic colorectal cancer.

This multicenter study explored the survival benefits of upfront primary tumor resection (PTR) followed by first-line cetuximab plus chemotherapy in real-world patients with wild-type metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). Treatment options for mCRC include chemotherapy, targeted therapy, immunotherapy, and surgery. The efficacy of upfront PTR in managing mCRC remains unclear.

Predicting Mortality and Hospitalization in Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction by Using Machine Learning.

Background: Few studies have incorporated echocardiography and laboratory data to predict clinical outcomes in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF).

Objectives: This study aimed to use machine learning to find predictors of heart failure (HF) hospitalization and cardiovascular (CV) death in HFpEF.

Methods: From the Chang Gung Research Database in Taiwan, 6,092 HFpEF patients (2,898 derivation, 3,194 validation) identified between 2008 and 2017 were followed until 2019.

Comparing immunotherapy effectiveness for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma: infiltrative versus non-infiltrative types in real-world settings.

Background: Infiltrative hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is often associated with an unfavorable prognosis, posing a challenge in determining the optimal therapeutic approach. Immunotherapy, employing immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), has become a preferred first-line treatment for advanced HCC. However, the overall effectiveness of ICIs in patients with infiltrative HCC remains unclear.

The MRI-based vertebral bone quality score is a predictor of pedicle screw loosening following instrumented posterior lumbar fusion.

Objective: To investigate the predictive ability of the MRI-based vertebral bone quality (VBQ) score for pedicle screw loosening following instrumented transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF).

Methods: Data from patients who have received one or two-level instrumented TLIF from February 2014 to March 2015 were retrospectively collected. Pedicle screw loosening was diagnosed when the radiolucent zone around the screw exceeded 1 mm in plain radiographs.

Carbohydrate Mouth Rinsing Improves Softball Launch Angle Consistency: A Double-Blind Crossover Study.

(1) Background: Carbohydrate mouth rinsing (CMR) stimulates the central nervous system and improves motor control. However, no studies have examined the effects of CMR on softball batting performance. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of CMR on softball batting performance.

Biomechanical insights into anterolateral vertebral screw fixation in osteoporotic spines: a comparative study of fixation methods and positions using porcine vertebrae.

Objective: Combining oblique lumbar interbody fusion (OLIF) with posterior pedicle screw fixation (PPSF) has been proposed to reduce cage subsidence, especially in osteoporotic spines. Recently, anterolateral screw-rod fixation has gained interest as it allows direct pathology observation and avoids a posterior approach. However, controversies exist between anterolateral screw fixation systems and traditional PPSF due to variations in osteoporotic vertebral mineral density, screw fixation positions, and fixation methods (bicortical vs.

Temporal trends and patterns for early- and late-onset adult liver cancer incidence vary by race/ethnicity, subsite, and histologic type in the United States from 2000 to 2019.

Purpose: To examine incidence trends and patterns for early- and late-onset liver cancer.

Methods: Liver and intrahepatic bile duct (IBD) cancers diagnosed between 2000 and 2019 were acquired from 22 SEER registries. Variables included early-onset (20-49) vs.

Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 Receptor Agonists and Risk of Thyroid Cancer: An International Multisite Cohort Study.

Concerns have been raised that glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP1-RAs) may increase the risk of thyroid cancer, but evidence remains conflicting. We therefore investigated if GLP1-RA use, compared with use of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP-4is), was associated with thyroid cancer risk in patients with type 2 diabetes. This multisite cohort study with subsequent meta-analysis included six population-based databases from Canada (Ontario), Denmark, Norway, South Korea, Sweden, and Taiwan.

The Prognostic Value of the Muscle Regional Oxygen Saturation Index in Patients with Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome.

: Impaired systemic tissue oxygenation and microvascular perfusion are associated with adverse outcomes in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Tissue oxygenation and microvascular reactivity, assessed by using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), are correlated with disease severity in critically ill populations. This study aimed to detect alterations in these factors and their ability to predict outcomes in patients with ARDS.

Quantum Circuit Architecture Search on a Superconducting Processor.

Variational quantum algorithms (VQAs) have shown strong evidence to gain provable computational advantages in diverse fields such as finance, machine learning, and chemistry. However, the heuristic ansatz exploited in modern VQAs is incapable of balancing the trade-off between expressivity and trainability, which may lead to degraded performance when executed on noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) machines. To address this issue, here, we demonstrate the first proof-of-principle experiment of applying an efficient automatic ansatz design technique, i.

Erinacine A-Enriched Mycelium Ethanol Extract Lessens Cellular Damage in Cell and Models of Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 3 by Improvement of Nrf2 Activation.

Spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 (SCA3), caused by the abnormal expansion of polyglutamine (polyQ) in the ataxin-3 protein, is one of the inherited polyQ neurodegenerative diseases that share similar genetic and molecular features. Mutant polyQ-expanded ataxin-3 protein is prone to aggregation in affected neurons and is predominantly degraded by autophagy, which is beneficial for neurodegenerative disease treatment. Not only does mutant polyQ-expanded ataxin-3 increase susceptibility to oxidative cytotoxicity, but it also hampers antioxidant potency in neuronal cells.

Improving the early diagnosis and clinical outcomes of shock patients via laser speckle contrast imaging assessment of peripheral hemodynamics.

Shock is defined as a critical circulatory failure that requires prompt diagnosis to optimize patient outcomes. Traditional diagnostic methods have limitations, including contact-based measurements, high costs, and lengthy procedures. The study evaluated the efficacy of laser speckle contrast imaging (LSCI), a noncontact technique, for assessing peripheral hemodynamics in shock patients.

Association of frailty and chronic limb-threatening ischemia in patients on maintenance hemodialysis: a prospective cohort study.

Chronic limb-threatening ischemia (CLTI) is a prevalent yet unpredictable complication among patients undergoing hemodialysis, and frailty is linked to adverse outcomes in this population. This study examined the influence of clinical factors on vascular events in patients undergoing hemodialysis. This multicenter prospective cohort study included patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis since January 2008.

Early Experience of Uniportal Robotic-Assisted Anatomic Resection in Lung Cancer Patients: Is it Safe and Feasible for Direct Transition From Uniportal Video Thoracoscopic-Assisted Surgery to Uniportal Robotic-Assisted Surgery?

Background: Lung cancer remains a leading cause of mortality worldwide, with surgery being a primary treatment option for early-stage cases. Minimally invasive surgery has gained attention due to its potential benefits. Uniportal robotic-assisted thoracic surgery (RATS) is emerging as a viable option for treating lung cancer patients.

DEK :: AFF2 Fusion Sinonasal and Skull Base Nonkeratinizing Squamous Cell Carcinoma : A Clinical Outcome Study Compared With Conventional Sinonasal Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

DEK :: AFF2 fusion nonkeratinizing squamous cell carcinoma (NKSCC) is an emerging entity in the sinonasal tract, temporal bone, and skull base. However, the clinical behavior of these tumors has not been well studied. Here, we report the largest cohort of DEK :: AFF2 carcinomas to determine if morphology, mitotic rate, and/or Ki-67 IHC are associated with patient outcomes, including a comparison with high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated and independent patients.

Cancer mutations rewire the RNA methylation specificity of METTL3-METTL14.

Chemical modification of RNAs is important for posttranscriptional gene regulation. The METTL3-METTL14 complex generates most -methyladenosine (mA) modifications in messenger RNAs (mRNAs), and dysregulated methyltransferase expression has been linked to cancers. Here we show that a changed sequence context for mA can promote oncogenesis.