Overexpressing plant ferredoxin-like protein enhances photosynthetic efficiency and carbohydrates accumulation in Phalaenopsis.

Crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) is one of three major models of carbon dioxide assimilation pathway with better water-use efficiency and slower photosynthetic efficiency in photosynthesis. Previous studies indicated that the gene of sweet pepper plant ferredoxin-like protein (PFLP) shows high homology to the ferredoxin-1(Fd-1) family that belongs to photosynthetic type Fd and involves in photosystem I. It is speculated that overexpressing pflp in the transgenic plant may enhance photosynthetic efficiency through the electron transport chain (ETC).

Synergistic Chemopreventive Effects of a Novel Combined Plant Extract Comprising Gallic Acid and Hesperidin on Colorectal Cancer.

Background/aim: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer with a high mortality rate worldwide. Although gallic acid and hesperidin exert anticancer activity, synergistic effects of gallic acid and hesperidin against CRC remain elusive. This study aims to investigate the therapeutic mechanism of a novel combination of gallic acid and hesperidin against CRC cell growth, including cell viability, cell-cycle-associated proteins, spheroid formation, and stemness.

Prophylactic Effects of Purple Shoot Green Tea on Cytokine Immunomodulation through Scavenging Free Radicals and NO in LPS-Stimulated Macrophages.

Polyphenols and flavonoids from non-fermented green tea and fully-fermented black tea exhibit antioxidant abilities that function as natural health foods for daily consumption. Nonetheless, evidence regarding prophylactic effects of purple shoot tea on immunomodulation remains scarce. We compared the immunomodulatory effects of different tea processes on oxidative stress and cytokine expressions in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated macrophages.

A Computational Study of the Promiscuity of the SAM-Dependent Methyltransferase AtHTMT1.

A two-pronged computational approach was taken to study the promiscuity of the SAM-dependent methyl transferase AtHTMT1 from thale cress with several nucleophiles (Cl, Br, I, NCO, NCS). First, enzyme-free methyl transfer reactions were studied with M05/6-311+G(2d,p) DFT calculations and electrostatic continuum models (PCM/SMD) for various chemical environments. Second, QM/MM MD simulations with semiempirical Hamiltonians (PM7, PM6-D3, AM1, PM6-D3H4) and the AMBER 14SB force field were used to study the enzyme catalyzed reaction .

Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Charantadiol A, Isolated from Wild Bitter Melon Leaf, on Heat-Inactivated -Stimulated THP-1 Monocytes and a Periodontitis Mouse Model.

has been identified as one of the major periodontal pathogens. Activity-directed fractionation and purification processes were employed to identify bioactive compounds from bitter melon leaf. Ethanolic extract of bitter melon leaf was separated into five subfractions by open column chromatography.

Suppressive Effect of Two Cucurbitane-Type Triterpenoids from on -Induced Inflammatory Responses in Human THP-1 Monocytic Cell and Mouse Models.

(formerly ) is one of the major bacterial species responsible for acne vulgaris. Numerous bioactive compounds from Linn. var.

Overexpression of plant ferredoxin-like protein promotes salinity tolerance in rice (Oryza sativa).

High-salinity stress is one of the major limiting factors on crop productivity. Physiological strategies against high-salinity stress include generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), induction of stress-related genes expression, accumulation of abscisic acid (ABA) and up-regulation of antiporters. ROS are metabolism by-products and involved in signal transduction pathway.

Investigation of Modulatory Effect of Pinolenic Acid (PNA) on Inflammatory Responses in Human THP-1 Macrophage-Like Cell and Mouse Models.

Pinolenic acid (PNA) is a rare n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid (n-6 PUFA) originally identified in pine seeds. Previous studies demonstrated that PNA and its elongation metabolite, Δ7-eicosatrienoic acid (Δ7-ETrA), exerted an anti-inflammatory effect in cultured cells by suppressing prostaglandin E (PGE) production. The objective of this study was to further examine the in vivo anti-inflammatory properties of PNA.

Ethanolic Extract of Suppresses -Induced Inflammatory Responses in Human Monocyte and Mouse Ear Edema Models.

Acne vulgaris (acne) is a common inflammatory skin disorder, and plays a major role in the development and progression of acne inflammation. Herbs possessing antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activity have been applied as a medical option for centuries. In this study, we examined the suppressive effect of ethanolic oregano () extract on live -induced in vivo and in vitro inflammation.

Longan flower proanthocyanidins induce apoptosis in HT-29 colorectal carcinoma spheroids.

Aim Of Study: Proanthocyanidin-rich longan flower extract (LFP) has been previously shown to inhibit the proliferation and anchorage-independent growth in soft agar of two colorectal carcinoma (CRC) cells in vitro. In this report, we further examined the effects of LFP in a CRC spheroid model.

Materials And Methods: A liquid-overlay assay employing HT-29 spheroids was used to evaluate the effects of LFP on cancer cell tumorigenesis, viability, and apoptosis.

Juniperonic Acid Incorporation into the Phospholipids of Murine Macrophage Cells Modulates Pro-Inflammatory Mediator Production.

Juniperonic acid (JPA; Δ5,11,14,17-20:4), originally identified in certain gymnosperm seeds, is a rare n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) with lipid-modulating effects on rats and anti-proliferative effects on fibroblast cell proliferation. However, little is known how JPA exerted its immunosuppressive effect. The objective of this study was to investigate whether JPA inhibited the production of inflammatory mediators through the modulation of cellular phospholipid fatty acid compositions.

Constitutive expression of a plant ferredoxin-like protein (pflp) enhances capacity of photosynthetic carbon assimilation in rice (Oryza sativa).

The plant ferredoxin-like protein (PFLP) gene, cloned from sweet peppers predicted as an electron carrier in photosynthesis, shows high homology to the Fd-I sequence of Arabidopsis thaliana, Lycopersicon esculentum, Oryza sativa and Spinacia oleracea. Most of pflp related studies focused on anti-pathogenic effects, while less understanding for the effects in photosynthesis with physiological aspects, such as photosynthesis rate, and levels of carbohydrate metabolites. This project focuses on the effects of pflp overexpression on photosynthesis by physiological evaluations of carbon assimilation with significant higher levels of carbohydrates with higher photosynthesis efficiency.

Sesamin reduces acute hepatic injury induced by lead coupled with lipopolysaccharide.

Background: In this study, we investigated the potential anti-inflammatory and antioxidative effects of sesamin on acute liver injury. Lead (Pb) causes oxidative damage and enhances the effects of low-dose lipopolysaccharide (LPS), inducing acute hepatic injury in rats.

Methods: Male Sprague-Dawley rats were given intraperitoneal injections of Pb acetate (5 mg/kg) and LPS (50 μg/kg) to induce liver injury, and we tested the effects of oral administration of sesamin (10 mg/kg) on liver damage.

Downregulation of putative UDP-glucose: flavonoid 3-O-glucosyltransferase gene alters flower coloring in Phalaenopsis.

Anthocyanin is the primary pigment contributing to red, violet, and blue flower color formation. The solubility of anthocyanins is enhanced by UDP glucose: flavonoid 3-O-glucosyltransferase (UFGT) through transfer of the glucosyl moiety from UDP-glucose to 3-hydroxyl group to produce the first stable pigments. To assess the possibility that UFGT is involved in the flower color formation in Phalaenopsis, the transcriptional activities of PeUFGT3, and other flower color-related genes in developing red or white flower buds were examined using RT-PCR analysis.

Ectopic ferredoxin I protein promotes root hair growth through induction of reactive oxygen species in Arabidopsis thaliana.

Ferredoxin I (Fd-1) is a protein existing in green tissues as an electron carrier for photosynthesis. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are generated from an over-accumulation of electrons in photosynthetic electron chains. In previous studies, plant ferredoxin-like protein (PFLP) transgenic plants could be made resistant to virulent pathogens, by inducing the generation of ROS.

Overproduction of cytokinins in petunia flowers transformed with P(SAG12)-IPT delays corolla senescence and decreases sensitivity to ethylene.

Plant senescence is regulated by a coordinated genetic program mediated in part by changes in ethylene, abscisic acid (ABA), and cytokinin content. Transgenic plants with delayed senescence are useful for studying interactions between these signaling mechanisms. Expression of ipt, a cytokinin biosynthetic gene from Agrobacterium tumefaciens, under the control of the promoter from a senescence-associated gene (SAG12) has been one approach used to delay senescence.