Prolongation of the prothrombin time and activated partial thromboplastin time in children with sickle cell disease.

Background: Patients with sickle cell disease (SCD) have high rates of perioperative complications, including bleeding 1,2.

Procedures: We conducted a retrospective review of pre-operative coagulation studies in pediatric patients with SCD followed by a prospective study of 100 well children with SCD to determine the prevalence of abnormal coagulation screening tests, and to evaluate potential etiologies.

Results: In the retrospective study, 32/84 (38.

[The effect of gamma irradiation on the strain W of Tetrahymena pyriformis].

It the present study the effects of gamma-radiation at doses of 102.1 Gy-1,633.4 Gy were investigated as exerted on the protozoan Tetrahymena pyriformis W strain.

[Patho-morphologic and histoenzymologic findings after VX (organophosphate) poisoning in sheep].

Sixty-one sheep were administered experimentally a VX chemical (organophosphate) at different rates. In the process of dissection, samples were taken for a histopathological examination. These were samples of brain, liver, kidneys, rumen wall, small intestine, muscles, myocardium, lungs and spleen.

[Acid-base equilibrium values in the blood of dogs during training and work stress].

Separate components of acid-base balance in blood (ABR)-pH, pCO2, BE, SB, BB-were studied during the long-term drill of service dogs of two age categories. These service dogs were included in two different work strain groups (patrol dogs and searching dogs). The results of long-term drill demonstrated, in particular, significant changes in dynamics of pH and pCO2.

[Mineral metabolism in dogs during training and work stress].

The contents of basic mineral elements (Na, K, Mg, Ca, P, Cl) were investigated in service dogs during their long-term basic training; the dogs belonged to two age categories, and the influence of different work stress (sentry, tracker, watch dogs) on the changes in the contents of these elements was also studied. Great changes in the dynamics of individual elements were demonstrated during the long-term training, signalling the beginning of muscular insufficiency and fatigue in the course of training, as well as the onset of adaptation processes to the psychic and physical stress (Na, K, Mg). The increased contents of Ca and P at the beginning and during the intensive training with a risk of bone demineralization, indicate the beginning of osteopathy, disorders of muscular and nervous irritability and unbalanced feed rations.

[Contamination of food with cesium radionuclides].

Specific activities of 134Cs, 137Cs were investigated and compared in canned meat products, pork, beef, poultry, venison, as well as in raw cow milk, milk products and milk replacers. Increased specific activities of cesium radionuclides in canned meat products were found up to 70 Bq.kg-1 in 1986, up to 150 Bq.

[The effect of natural zeolite on the excretion and distribution of radiocesium in rats].

Observation was made of the influence of natural zeolite (clinoptilolite) supplement in food on 134Cs excretion and distribution after oral internal contamination of laboratory brown rats. After diet administration with 2.5, 5, and 10% zeolite supplement the 134Cs elimination in droppings increased and the radionuclide deposition in liver, kidneys and femoral musculature decreased.

[The effect of training stress on enzyme activity in working dogs].

The activities were studied in five kinds of enzymes (aspartate aminotransferase - AST, alanine aminotransferase - ALT, lactate dehydrogenase - LD, the thermally stable fraction of lactate dehydrogenase - LD-1, and alkaline phosphatase - ALP) of 30 male dogs. The dogs, divided into two age categories, were studied during a long-continued training (130 days). Both transaminases exhibit characteristic changes in the activity, with a depression at the beginning between the 30th and 40th days of training, followed by a slow increase in AST and by a rapid increase in ALT, continuing until the end of the training period.

[Dynamics of ammonia levels during long-term storage of canned meats].

Ammonia content in relation with sensory changes was studied in four kinds of meat cans (Pork in Natural Juice, Beef with Bacon, Luncheon Meat, and Liver Pâté), stored for 36 months under constant conditions (average temperature 21 degrees C. average relative humidity 73%). Four groups of final products were prepared from each kind of these cans; the final products differed from one another in the ammonia contents, depending on the freshness of the food.

[Dynamics in ammonia levels in the process of producing canned meat for long-term storage].

Ammonia contents were studied in correlation with sensory changes in raw materials (pork and beef) used for the production of meat cans, and in relation to sensory changes at the end of their production. The following three types of meat cans designed for long-term storage were tested: Pork in Natural Juice, Beef with Bacon, and Luncheon Meat. Raw materials used for the production of meat cans had the known sensory characteristics and known ammonia values.

[Dynamics of chlorinated pesticide residues in long-term storage of canned food].

Meat tins denoted as pork in natural juice, beef with bacon, luncheon meat and liver pâté, all produced in a food-processing plant, were stored under definite conditions (temperature 21 degrees C, relative humidity 73%) for three years. Before the long-term storage and then in half-year intervals, the contents of the residues of chlorinated pesticides, including HCB (hexachlorobenzene), gamma-HCH (gamma isomer of hexachlorocyclohexane) and pp'DDE (1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis/p-chlorofenyl/-ethylene), were determined in the above-mentioned final products by the method of gas chromatography. As suggested by the records of the changes in the pesticide residue contents in the meat tins during their long-term storage, the average contents of all chlorinated carbohydrates gradually decrease with the length of storage and the "reduction" of residues varies with the kind of final product and with the pesticides.

[A biological method for the determination of mycotoxins--Tetrahymena pyriformis].

The toxic action of selected mycotoxins on a biological subject was tested in the protozoan Tetrahymena pyriformis. The following toxins were tested: toxin T-2 at doses from 1.52 micrograms to 100.

[Dynamics of ammonia and pH in meat stored under various conditions].

The changes in ammonia content and pH values in beef and pork stored at different temperatures were studied in relation with sensory changes. Samples were taken from the stored meat at a temperature of +3 degrees C in the 0th, 12th, 36th, 60th, 84th, 108th and 132nd hour and at a temperature of +10 degrees C in the 0th, 6th, 24th, 36th, 54th, 72nd and 84th hour. The quantity of ammonia in the samples was determined by means of an ion-selective electrode.

[The effect of ionizing irradiation on sensory changes in feed in relation to their utilization by dogs].

To evaluate the effect of ionizing radiation on sensory changes of feeds in relation to their utilization by dogs, four groups of experimental animals were formed. Two groups were fed a ration where the main component (meat feed mixture VETACAN and loose feed mixture VETAVIT) was irradiated by radioisotope Co 60 at the dose of 25 kGy/kg for the period of 90 days. In the remaining two groups a non-irradiated ration was used for the same period.

[The effect of ionizing radiation on structural changes in the energy nutrients in animal feed].

For the purpose of testing the effect of ionizing radiation, feeds for dogs (meat feed mixture VETACAN and loose feed mixture VETAVIT) irradiated by 60Co radioisotope at the dose of 25 kGy/kg were studied for 60 days. It has been found out that the total volume of energetic and non-energetic nutrients is not changed. Qualitative structure, however, displays a significant, on the average 35% disintegration of essential amino acids, decrease of proteins and increase of free ammonic bases.

[The effect of feeds treated with ionizing irradiation on biochemical indicators of the nutritional value of energy nutrients].

The influence of feedstuffs treated with ionizing radiation on the nutrition of dogs was tested in four groups of animals. Two groups were administered for 90 days a ration, the main part of which (VETACAN meat feed mixture and VETAVIT loose feed mixture) was irradiated with radioisotope Co 60 of the intensity of 25 kGy/kg, in other two groups of dogs the nonirradiated ration was used for the same time period. The control groups of dogs were put together for these two diets.

[The effect of dichlorvos and metathion on selected enzymes of the amoeba Tetrahymena pyriformis].

The effect of dichlorvos and metathion was studied as exerted on acetylcholinesterase activity in the protozoan Tetrahymena pyriformis. In dichlorvos, the highest enzyme activity inhibition was obtained after 30 minutes. A 50% inhibition of the enzyme activity was recorded at the dose of 1.

[The effect of heat processing on the biological values of selected foods using the amoeba Tetrahymena pyriformis as a test agent].

Tetrahymena pyriformis strain W was used as the testing subject for the determination of the biological value of selected eatables. The eatables were investigated at a 2% concentration. Part of the test eatables was subjected to heat treatment at 0.

[Selected biochemical indicators in the protozoan Tetrahymena pyriformis].

Aiming at an improvement of the screening of toxic substances in biological materials and environment, the following biochemical indices were studied by means of the Tetrahymena pyriformis as a testing object: total protein, total lipids, glucose, lactate dehydrogenase (E.C.1.

[Dynamics of the white blood cell picture during prolonged stress of training in the dog].

Thirty clinically healthy dogs of two age categories were studied for the effect of long-continued training load upon the pattern of the components of the white blood picture of dogs. There is a number of changes--leucocytosis, elevation of the neutrophil granulocytes, depression of lymphocytes and eosinophil granulocytes. These changes vary with the age of the dogs.

[The effects of the stress of long-term physical and psychological training on the red blood cell picture in dogs].

The effect of the physical and psychical load of long-continued training on the components of the red blood picture was studied in thirty clinically healthy dogs of two age categories. The values of erythrocytes were found to be increased whereas those of haemoglobin, haematocrit and other components (MCV, MCH, BI, MCHC) were depressed. The effects are discussed of training, adaptation process, parasympathicotonic form of overload, and qualitative nutrition deficiency as a reflection of the studied training load as exerted on certain insufficiency of the desired formation of the red blood picture, and thereby of a possible adverse impact on the performance of the trained dog.

[Distribution of dichlorvos in the rat and the effect of clinoptilolite on poisoning].

In the first series of trials, the physiological values of tissue cholinesterases were determined in the male rats of the Wistar strain. In the second series of trials the rats were perorally intoxicated with dichlorvos at the doses of 200.0, 128.

[The effect of pesticides on the protozoan Tetrahymena pyriformis].

The toxic effect of the following pesticides was examined: metathion (doses from 1.49 micrograms to 100.0 g per litre of medium), phenmedipham (doses from 24.