Oral fluorescein angiography in the diagnosis of paediatric optic nerve abnormalities.

Objective: FFA is a well-established investigation for the diagnosis of optic nerve abnormalities, requiring an intravenous cannula and extended imaging acquisition time. Cannulation can present a challenge in paediatric patients and whilst oral FFA has been used for decades, it has been limited by imaging technology and unconfirmed image acquisition timings. For years, we have used a modern ultra-widefield retinal camera, and established imaging time-points to demonstrate dynamic optic nerve head changes upon ingestion of fluorescein and collected a database of oFFA images for various presentations.

VKH disease in the elderly: Variations in clinical course as compared to VKH disease in adults.

Purpose: To describe disease characteristics and outcomes of Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada (VKH) disease in elderly patients.

Methods: Retrospective analysis of patients older than 50 years with VKH disease at two referral centers in India. Demographics, extraocular and ocular involvement, treatment, complications, and visual acuity outcomes were noted.

LV Prasad Eye Institute EyeSmart electronic medical record-based analytics of big data: LEAD-Uveitis Report 1: Demographics and clinical features of uveitis in a multi-tier hospital based network in Southern India.

Purpose: To describe the demographics and epidemiology of uveitis presenting to a multi-tier ophthalmology hospital network in Southern India.

Methods: Cross-sectional hospital-based study of 19,352 patients with uveitis presenting between March 2012 and August 2018.

Results: In total, 1,734,272 new patients were seen across the secondary and tertiary centers of our multi-tier ophthalmology hospital network during the study period.

Sight-threatening intraocular infection in patients with COVID-19 in India.

Purpose: Intraocular infection in patients with COVID-19 could be different in the presence of treatment with systemic corticosteroid and immunosuppressive agents. We describe the epidemiology and microbiological profile of intraocular infection in COVID-19 patients after their release from the hospital.

Methods: We analyzed the clinical and microbiological data of laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 patients from April 2020 to January 2021 presenting with features of endogenous endophthalmitis within 12 weeks of their discharge from the hospital in two neighboring states in South India.

Vogt Koyanagi Harada Disease In Paediatric Age Group: Clinical Characteristics, Remission, Recurrences and Complications in Asian Indian Population.

Purpose: To describe disease characteristics and outcomes of Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada (VKH) syndrome in paediatric patients.

Study Design: Retrospective chart analysis.

Methods: A Retrospective: Analysis of all patients ≤16 years with VKH syndrome was done.

Subfoveal retinal pigment epithelium inflammatory lesion presenting as a sign of reactivation of tubercular multifocal choroiditis.

Multifocal choroiditis (MFC) can be associated with ocular tuberculosis (TB). Inflammatory peripapillary choroidal neovascular membrane (PPCNVM) is uncommon in TB MFC. Subretinal pigment epithelial inflammatory lesions are suggestive of acute inflammation or reactivation of inflammation in the setting of MFC.

Recent Advances in Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Uveitis Prevalent in Asia-Pacific Region.

The role of infections in intraocular inflammation is being increasingly recognized across the world. The Asia-Pacific region, being the single largest and most populous geographical entity on the planet, is home to a wide variety of such infections. Not surprisingly, there has been an explosion in the literature on infectious uveitis emerging from Asia-Pacific countries.

Extraocular spread following evisceration for rapidly progressive intraocular tuberculosis.

We describe a case of right eye tubercular (TB) panuveitis with corneal involvement where repeated intraocular sampling was unsuccessful. Finally, evisceration and histopathology of ocular tissue confirmed the diagnosis of ocular tuberculosis. A chest X-ray showed signs of pulmonary TB.

Increased local expression of P-glycoprotein on CD4+ T-cells in vitreous of patients with non-infectious uveitis: a pilot study.

Nearly a third of uveitis patients are unable to achieve adequate inflammation control with conventional anti-inflammatory therapy. Several factors are known to influence responsiveness to anti-inflammatory therapy. In this pilot study, we have investigated the local expression of P-glycoprotein, an efflux-transport protein with role in multi-drug resistance, in vitreous CD4+ T-cells of patients with non-infectious uveitis (NIU).

Clinical manifestations and outcomes of ocular syphilis in Asian Indian population: Analysis of cases presenting to a tertiary referral center.

Purpose: To describe disease manifestations and outcomes of ocular syphilis in Asian Indian population.

Methods: Retrospective analysis of patients diagnosed with ocular syphilis at a tertiary referral center in India. Demographics, history, extraocular and ocular manifestations, ocular and systemic investigations, treatment and visual acuity outcomes were noted.

Role of Multidrug Resistance Proteins in Nonresponders to Immunomodulatory Therapy for Noninfectious Uveitis.

Purpose: Nearly a third to half of patients with noninfectious uveitis (NIU) fail to achieve control with immunomodulatory therapy (IMT). Multidrug resistance (MDR) proteins are transmembrane proteins that allow efflux of intracellular drugs, leading to drug resistance. The aim of our study was to compare MDR protein function in blood CD4 cells between responders and nonresponders to IMT.

CLINICAL PREDICTORS OF TUBERCULAR RETINAL VASCULITIS IN A HIGH-ENDEMIC COUNTRY.

Purpose: To determine clinical signs suggestive of tubercular etiology in retinal vasculitis.

Methods: A retrospective comparative study of patients who presented with retinal vasculitis at three tertiary care centers in India. All patients underwent detailed clinical evaluation and tailored laboratory investigations for etiological diagnosis.

Syphilitic chorioretinitis presenting as a choroidal granuloma.

A rare case of syphilitic uveitis presenting as a choroidal granuloma is described in this case report. The clinical picture resembled that of a tubercular choroidal granuloma. However, the patient was positive for treponemal (treponema pallidum hemagglutination assay) as well as non-treponemal tests (venereal disease research laboratory test) for syphilis.

Small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the orbit presenting as an orbital abscess in a young female.

Small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (SNEC) of the sino-nasal tract is a rare tumor with aggressive behavior. Invasion of the orbit, brain and base of skull is reported in advanced cases, however clinical presentation of SNEC, primarily as an orbital mass is distinctly rare. A 25-year-old female, presented to a local ophthalmologist with sudden protrusion of eyeball and was diagnosed as an orbital abscess which was incised and drained.

Miliary Retinal Lesions in Ocular Syphilis: Imaging Characteristics and Outcomes.

: To describe full thickness miliary retinal lesions in ocular syphilis.: Retrospective chart review of patients with serologically confirmed ocular syphilis. Retinal miliary lesions in three cases of Syphilitic uveitis, in immunocompetent individuals are described.

Role of PASCAL and optical coherence tomography angiograpgy in the treatment of diffuse unilateral subacute neuroretinitis caused by large live motile worm.

A 46-year-old male presented with best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) of 20/125 in his right eye. Fundus showed disc edema, multiple yellow outer retinal crops, macular edema and a live motile worm in the subretinal space. Diagnosis of diffuse unilateral subacute neuroretinitis (DUSN) was made and pattern scanning laser photocoagulation (PSLP) was performed along with administration of oral albendazole, diethylcarbamazine and corticosteroids.

Sympathetic Ophthalmia after Vitreoretinal Surgeries: Incidence, Clinical Presentations and Outcomes of a Rare Disease.

To evaluate clinical presentation, course and outcomes in patients without a history of penetrating ocular trauma who developed Sympathetic Ophthalmia (SO) following vitreoretinal surgeries Retrospective review of clinical records of all patients diagnosed and treated as S.O was done . All cases without a previous history of trauma were included and were analyzed with respect to clinical presentations, anatomic and visual outcomes.

Effect of Adjunctive Pars Plana Vitrectomy on Focal Posterior Segment Inflammation: A Case-Control Study in Tuberculosis-Associated Uveitis.

Purpose: Pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) is commonly performed for managing complications of uveitis but the anti-inflammatory potential of PPV has not been extensively investigated beyond aqueous/vitreous inflammation. We studied the effect of PPV on resolution of focal posterior segment lesions in tuberculosis-associated uveitis (TBU).

Design: Case control study.

Anatomical Characterization of an Optic Disc Notch Using SD-OCT in Glaucoma.

Purpose: To characterize anatomical dimensions of a disc notch using novel methods using spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT).

Participants: All age- and severity-matched glaucoma patients with disc notch (defined as complete loss of neural rim with no residual rim between disc and cup) seen from 2014 to 2015 who underwent enhanced depth imaging with SD-OCT (Cirrus HD-OCT version 6.5, Carl Zeiss, USA) were included for this retrospective observational study.

Gelatinous drop-like corneal dystrophy: a review.

Gelatinous drop-like corneal dystrophy (GDLD) is a rare autosomal recessive form of corneal dystrophy characterised by subepithelial and stromal amyloid deposits. It is relatively common in Japan. It usually presents in the first two decades of life with subepithelial nodular lesions that later coalesce to form mulberry-like opacities.

Comparative Evaluation of the Ostium After External and Nonendoscopic Endonasal Dacryocystorhinostomy Using Image Processing (Matlabs and Image J) Softwares.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the characteristics of the ostium after external dacryocystorhinostomy and nonendoscopic endonasal dacryocystorhinostomy (NEN-DCR).

Methods: This cross-sectional study included patients who underwent a successful external dacryocystorhinostomy or NEN-DCR and had ≥1 month follow up. Pictures of the ostium were captured with a nasal endoscope (4 mm, 30°) after inserting a lacrimal probe premarked at 2 mm.