Oral linezolid compared with benzathine penicillin G for treatment of early syphilis in adults (Trep-AB Study) in Spain: a prospective, open-label, non-inferiority, randomised controlled trial.

Background: Management of syphilis, a sexually transmitted infection (STI) with increasing incidence, is challenged by drug shortages, scarcity of randomised trial data, an absence of non-penicillin alternatives for pregnant women with penicillin allergy (other than desensitisation), extended parenteral administration for neurosyphilis and congenital syphilis, and macrolide resistance. Linezolid was shown to be active against Treponema pallidum, the causative agent of syphilis, in vitro and in the rabbit model. We aimed to assess the efficacy of linezolid for treating early syphilis in adults compared with the standard of care benzathine penicillin G (BPG).

Impact of time of culture specimen collection on the recovery of after a positive nucleic acid amplification test.

Objectives: Culture of remains essential for antimicrobial resistance (AMR) surveillance. We evaluated the effect of time of specimen collection on culture yield following a positive nucleic acid amplification test (NAAT).

Methods: We retrospectively assessed culture yield among asymptomatic individuals (largely men who have sex with men) who attended for sexual health screening and had a positive NAAT.

Oral fosfomycin for treatment of acute bacterial prostatitis caused by multidrug-resistant Enterobacterales.

To assess the feasibility of oral fosfomycin-tromethamine (FT) for the management of acute bacterial prostatitis (ABP) caused by multidrug-resistant (MDR) Enterobacterales. An observational study of adult patients diagnosed with ABP from Vall d'Hebron University Hospital (Barcelona, Spain), treated with oral FT. The primary outcome was clinical cure defined as symptom relief at the control visit, 2-4 weeks post-end of treatment.

New paradigms on antibiotic recommendations for community-acquired infections in Spain.

Over the last years, the susceptibility activity of the most common microorganisms causing community-acquired infections has significantly changed in Spain. Based on the susceptibility rates of Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Escherichia coli, and Klebsiella pneumoniae collected from outpatients aged 15 or older with symptoms of respiratory or urinary tract infections in several Microbiology Departments in Catalonia in 2021, penicillin V should be first choice for most respiratory tract infections, amoxicillin and clavulanate for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbations and a single dose of fosfomycin or a short-course nitrofurantoin should remain first-line treatments for uncomplicated urinary tract infections. Updated information on antimicrobial resistance for general practitioners is crucial for achieving appropriate empirical management of the most common infections by promoting more rational antibiotic use.

Increasing trend of antimicrobial resistance in Shigella associated with MSM transmission in Barcelona, 2020-21: outbreak of XRD Shigella sonnei and dissemination of ESBL-producing Shigella flexneri.

Background: Several countries have recently reported the detection of ESBL-producing Shigella sonnei associated with transmission among MSM. In a previous study by our group, 2.8% of Shigella spp.

Neisseria gonorrhoeae culture growth rates from asymptomatic individuals with a positive nucleic acid amplification test.

Gonorrhoea infections are frequently diagnosed at extragenital locations in asymptomatic individuals and are historically related to poor recovery in culture, which hinders antimicrobial susceptibility testing. The aim of this study was to evaluate recovery rates of Neisseria gonorrhoeae by culture among asymptomatic individuals who tested positive by nucleic acid amplification tests between 2018 and 2019 in Barcelona (Spain). In total, 10 396 individuals were tested for N.

Drassanes Exprés: a public and confidential testing service for asymptomatic STIs with same-day result notification.

Background: STIs are a major public health concern. Screening programmes for asymptomatic users are key components of STI control. Traditional limitations of screening programmes include low population coverage and delays in treatments, thus reducing the expected impact on STI control.

Emergence and dissemination of three mild outbreaks of Neisseria gonorrhoeae with high-level resistance to azithromycin in Barcelona, 2016-18.

Background: Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG) isolates with high-level azithromycin resistance (HL-AziR) have emerged worldwide in recent decades, threatening the sustainability of current dual-antimicrobial therapy.

Objectives: This study aimed to characterize the first 16 NG isolates with HL-AziR in Barcelona between 2016 and 2018.

Methods: WGS was used to identify the mechanisms of antimicrobial resistance, to establish the MLST ST, NG multiantigen sequence typing (NG-MAST) ST and NG sequence typing for antimicrobial resistance (NG-STAR) ST and to identify the clonal relatedness of the isolates with other closely related NG previously described in other countries based on a whole-genome SNP analysis approach.

Antimicrobial susceptibility of in Barcelona during a five-year period, 2013 to 2017.

IntroductionIncreasing rates of antimicrobial resistance in cause problems for treating gonorrhoea.AimThis observational study aimed to describe isolates from all patients found infected with , in Barcelona, Spain, between 2013 and 2017, and with available antimicrobial susceptibility data.MethodsMinimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of penicillin (PEN), cefixime (CFM), ceftriaxone (CRO), azithromycin (AZM), ciprofloxacin (CIP), spectinomycin (SPT), fosfomycin (FOF) and gentamicin (GEN) were determined by E-test.

Clinical evaluation of the ResistancePlus MG FleXible test on the GeneXpert Infinity-48s instrument: a near-patient assay for simultaneous detection of Mycoplasma genitalium and macrolide resistance.

Antibiotic resistance in Mycoplasma genitalium (MG) is rising globally, especially to macrolides. In response to this challenge, assays reporting both the detection of MG and macrolide resistance-mediating mutations (MRMM) allow therapy to be tailored to the individual. The study evaluated the performance of the ResistancePlus® MG FleXible assay for the detection of MG and MRMM.

OXA-244-Producing Escherichia coli Isolates, a Challenge for Clinical Microbiology Laboratories.

OXA-244 is a single-point-mutant derivative of OXA-48 displaying reduced carbapenemase activity. Here, we report the microbiological features of seven OXA-244-producing isolates. Only one isolate grew on ChromID Carba Smart medium (bioMérieux), but six of the seven isolates grew on ChromID extended-spectrum-β-lactamase (ESBL) medium (bioMérieux), as they coproduced an ESBL and/or a plasmid-encoded cephalosporinase.

First report of NDM-1-producing clinical isolate of Leclercia adecarboxylata in Spain.

We describe the case of NDM-1-producing Leclercia adecarboxylata recovered from the clinical sample of a patient hospitalized for a trauma-related injury to his foot. The isolate was resistant to all beta-lactams, quinolones, trimetroprim-sulfametoxazol, gentamicin and tobramicyn. The bla gene was located in a conjugative plasmid that also contained the bla gene and was preceded by a disrupted insertion sequence of ISAba125.

Draft Genome Sequence of NDM-1-Producing .

Here, we provide the first draft genome sequence of NDM-1-producing , a human-opportunistic pathogen. The draft genome sequence consists of a total length of 5.13 Mbp, with an average G+C content of 55.

Performance of the Xpert Carba-R v2 in the daily workflow of a hygiene unit in a country with a low prevalence of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae.

Early detection of patients colonised with carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE) is crucial for implementing proper infection control measures. Here we evaluated the biological performance of the Xpert Carba-R v2 (Cepheid) in the daily workflow of a hygiene unit in a country with a low CPE prevalence. Patients repatriated from countries known for high CPE prevalence or contact patients of a known CPE carrier were targeted as being 'high-risk patients' for CPE carriage.

[Rapid test for detection of susceptibility to cefotaxime in Enterobacteriaceae].

In this work an "in house" rapid test based on the change in pH that is due to hydrolysis for detecting Enterobacteriaceae susceptible to cefotaxime is evaluated. The strains of Enterobacteriaceae from 1947 urine cultures were assessed using MicroScan panels and the "in house" test. This rapid test includes red phenol solution and cefotaxime.

Diagnosis of leishmaniasis.

Leishmaniasis is a clinically heterogeneous syndrome caused by intracellular protozoan parasites of the genus Leishmania. The clinical spectrum of leishmaniasis encompasses subclinical (not apparent), localized (skin lesion), and disseminated (cutaneous, mucocutaneous, and visceral) infection. This spectrum of manifestations depends on the immune status of the host, on the parasite, and on immunoinflammatory responses.

Rapid detection and identification of strains carrying carbapenemases directly from positive blood cultures using MALDI-TOF MS.

MALDI-TOF MS has been evaluated to detect carbapenemases activity and pathogen identification directly from positive blood cultures. 21 non-carbapenemase producers and 19 carbapenemase producers Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains were included in the study. This technique is simple and detects carbapenemases in 4.

MALDI-TOF MS, a useful instrument for differentiating metallo-β-lactamases in Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonas spp.

Unlabelled: We have evaluated a matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) method for the identification of carbapenemases and for distinguishing metallo-β-lactamases (MBLs). A total of 49 noncarbapenemase-producing and 14 carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical strains, previously characterized by PCR, were included in the study. With MALDI-TOF MS, the presence of carbapenemases was confirmed by the detection of ertapenem hydrolysis (lost of molecular peaks: 476·5 Da, 498·5 Da, 520·5 Da and presence of degradation products) in the mixture of the bacteria with the antibiotic, and classification was achieved by selective inhibition of carbapenemase activity (the ertapenem molecular peak was maintained) with ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA).

[Bacterial identification from blood cultures by a rapid Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionisation Time-of-Flight mass spectrometry technique].

Introduction: Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionisation Time-of-Flight (MALDI-TOF) Mass Spectrometry is rapid and accurate for the bacterial identification.

Methods: We have evaluated a less laborious and less time consuming method for microorganism identification directly from positive blood cultures.

Results: When we considered the scores ≥1.