Exploring a Novel Role of Glycerol Kinase 1 in Prostate Cancer PC-3 Cells.

Clinically, prostate cancer is infamous for its histological and molecular heterogeneity, which causes great challenges to pinpoint therapy and pharmaceutical development. To overcome these difficulties, researchers are focusing on modulating tumor microenvironment and immune responses in addition to genetic alteration and epigenetic regulation. Here, we aimed to identify potential biomarkers or modulators of prostate cancer by investigating genes specifically altered in prostate cancer cells treated with established anti-cancer agents.

Realization of a two-dimensional Weyl semimetal and topological Fermi strings.

A two-dimensional (2D) Weyl semimetal, akin to a spinful variant of graphene, represents a topological matter characterized by Weyl fermion-like quasiparticles in low dimensions. The spinful linear band structure in two dimensions gives rise to distinctive topological properties, accompanied by the emergence of Fermi string edge states. We report the experimental realization of a 2D Weyl semimetal, bismuthene monolayer grown on SnS(Se) substrates.

Interplay between Topological States and Rashba States as Manifested on Surface Steps at Room Temperature.

The unique spin texture of quantum states in topological materials underpins many proposed spintronic applications. However, realizations of such great potential are stymied by perturbations, such as temperature and local fields imposed by impurities and defects, that can render a promising quantum state uncontrollable. Here, we report room-temperature scanning tunneling microscopy/spectroscopy observation of interaction between Rashba states and topological surface states, which manifests local electronic structure along step edges controllable by the layer thickness of thin films.

Wavefront distortion correction in scanning tunneling microscope image.

We report an algorithm to identify and correct distorted wavefronts in atomic resolution scanning tunneling microscope images. This algorithm can be used to correct nonlinear in-plane distortions without prior knowledge of the physical scanning parameters, the characteristics of the piezoelectric actuator, or individual atom positions. The 2D image is first defined as a sum of sinusoidal plane waves, where a nonlinear distortion renders a curve for an otherwise ideal linear wavefront.

Disruption of type I interferon pathway and reduced production of IFN-α by parabens in virus-infected dendritic cells.

Background: Parabens are widely used preservatives commonly found in foods, cosmetics, and industrial products. Several studies have examined the effects of parabens on human health owing to widespread and continuous exposure to them in daily life. However, little is known about their immune-regulatory effects.

Monolayer Superconductivity and Tunable Topological Electronic Structure at the Fe(Te,Se)/Bi Te Interface.

The interface between 2D topological Dirac states and an s-wave superconductor is expected to support Majorana-bound states (MBS) that can be used for quantum computing applications. Realizing these novel states of matter and their applications requires control over superconductivity and spin-orbit coupling to achieve spin-momentum-locked topological interface states (TIS) which are simultaneously superconducting. While signatures of MBS have been observed in the magnetic vortex cores of bulk FeTe Se , inhomogeneity and disorder from doping make these signatures unclear and inconsistent between vortices.

Galectin-4 increases the ability of M2 macrophages to enhance antiviral CD4+ T-cell responses.

Galectin-4 (Gal-4) is a β-galactoside-binding protein belonging to the galectin family. Although Gal-4 is known to be involved in several physiologic processes of the gastrointestinal tract, its immunomodulatory roles remain unclear. In this study, we investigated whether Gal-4 influences the function of M1 and M2 macrophages.

Inhibition of KIF20A suppresses the replication of influenza A virus by inhibiting viral entry.

The influenza A virus (IAV) has caused several pandemics, and therefore there are many ongoing efforts to identify novel antiviral therapeutic strategies including vaccines and antiviral drugs. However, influenza viruses continuously undergo antigenic drift and shift, resulting in the emergence of mutated viruses. In turn, this decreases the efficiency of existing vaccines and antiviral drugs to control IAV infection.

Anti-influenza A virus activity by Agrimonia pilosa and Galla rhois extract mixture.

Influenza A virus (IAV) continues to threaten human health. To date, two classes of antiviral drugs have been approved to treat IAV infection, but the continuous emergence of the drug-resistant IAV mutant reinforces the need to develop new antiviral drugs. In this study, we aimed to investigate the anti-IAV activity of an aqueous mixture of Agrimonia pilosa and Galla rhois extracts (APRG64).

Potent antiviral activity of the extract of Elaeocarpus sylvestris against influenza A virus in vitro and in vivo.

Background: Elaeocarpus sylvestris (Lour.) Poir. (Elaeocarpaceae) belongs to a genus of tropical and semitropical evergreen trees, which has known biological activities such as antiviral and immunomodulatory activities.

Note: Development of a wideband amplifier for cryogenic scanning tunneling microscopy.

A wideband cryogenic amplifier has been developed for low temperature scanning tunneling microscopy. The amplifier consisting of a wideband complementary metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistors operational amplifier together with a feedback resistor of 100 kΩ and a capacitor is mounted within a 4 K Dewar. This amplifier has a wide bandwidth and is successfully applied to scanning tunneling microscopy applications at low temperatures down to ∼7 K.