Conventional bicortical pin substitution with a novel unicortical pin in external fixation: A biomechanical study.

Introduction: As most patients with polytrauma or open fractures are converted from temporary external fixation to definite stabilization, the prevention of complications such as infection is especially important. To overcome the high risk of infection associated with the use of the conventional bicortical pin for temporary external fixation, the authors developed a novel unicortical pin and analyzed it in a biomechanical study.

Methods: The unicortical pin consisted of an inner screw, purchasing the cortical bone, and an outer sleeve with 6 spikes.

Effect of Indocyanine Green and Infrared Diode Laser to Biofilms.

The aim of this study was to quantitatively and qualitatively evaluate the effects of the indocyanine green (ICG)-near-infrared (NIR) photoreaction on biofilms. ICG recently emerged as a photosensitive agent for photodynamic therapy. Although the effects of ICG-NIR on inhibition are documented, little is known about its influence on biofilms, which are resistant to antimicrobial treatment and a major cause of plaque that leads to dental caries.

Effect of Photodynamic Therapy on Multispecies Biofilms, Including , , and .

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of photodynamic therapy (PDT) on multispecies oral caries biofilms composed of , , and . The abovementioned microorganisms largely cause dental caries, especially early childhood caries (ECC), by synthesizing of acids in the presence of sugar. PDT is considered an effective process to remove oral biofilms, and erythrosine, an oral bacterial disclosing agent, is an ideal dye that can be used as a photosensitizer in PDT.

Effect of various polishing burs on surface roughness and bacterial adhesion in pediatric zirconia crowns.

To evaluate the effect of various polishing points on surface roughness of pediatric zirconia crowns and to correlate findings with bacterial adhesion. Zirconia discs (n=40) were fabricated and divided into five groups according to point type used to roughen and polish: I (negative control [not roughened]); II (positive control [roughened]); and III-V, representing three commercially available point brands. Atomic force and scanning electron microscopy were used to assess surface roughness.

Antimicrobial activity of isothiocyanates (ITCs) extracted from horseradish (Armoracia rusticana) root against oral microorganisms.

The antimicrobial activity of isothiocyanates (ITCs) extracted from horseradish root was investigated against oral microorganisms: 6 strains of facultative anaerobic bacteria, Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sobrinus, Lactobacillus casei, Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans; one strain of yeast, Candida albicans, and 3 strains of anaerobic bacteria, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Prevotella nigrescens, and Clostridium perfringens. The ITCs extracted from horseradish root showed antimicrobial activity against all oral microorganisms by the paper disk method. The minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of the ITCs extracted from horseradish root ranged from 1.

The photodynamic therapy on Streptococcus mutans biofilms using erythrosine and dental halogen curing unit.

The purpose of our study was to evaluate the effect of photodynamic therapy (PDT), using erythrosine as a photosensitizing agent and a dental halogen curing unit as a light source, on Streptococcus mutans in a biofilm phase. The S. mutans biofilms were formed in a 24-well cell culture cluster.

Quantitative localization of impacted mesiodens using panoramic and periapical radiographs.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate a new technique for localizing impacted mesiodens using its horizontal magnification ratio on panoramic radiographs.

Materials And Methods: Location-magnification equation of a panoramic equipment was obtained from horizontal magnification ratio of a metal ball which was located variable positions from the center of image layer at interval of 2 mm. Panoramic radiographs were obtained from a skull phantom with a metal ball which was a substitute for impacted mesiodens and was embedded 10mm(Group 1), 15mm(Group 2), and 20mm(Group 3) posterior to the central incisor.