Latitudinal scaling of aggregation with abundance and coexistence in forests.

The search for simple principles that underlie the spatial structure and dynamics of plant communities is a long-standing challenge in ecology. In particular, the relationship between species coexistence and the spatial distribution of plants is challenging to resolve in species-rich communities. Here we present a comprehensive analysis of the spatial patterns of 720 tree species in 21 large forest plots and their consequences for species coexistence.

Flow cytometric characterisation of acute leukaemia in adolescent and adult Ethiopians.

Background: Flow cytometric characterisation of acute leukaemia is a key diagnostic approach for clinical management of patients, but is minimally practised in resource-constrained settings like Ethiopia.

Objective: This study aimed to determine the immunophenotypes of acute leukaemia by flow cytometry at Tikur Anbessa Specialised Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on adolescent and adult inpatients consecutively admitted from April 2019 to June 2021.

Strategies and Outcomes of Age-Friendly Health System Implementation in Outpatient Settings: A Systematic Review.

The Age-Friendly Health System (AFHS) movement has spread widely in recent years, with nearly 5000 healthcare organizations across the country recognized as Age-Friendly. Despite this broad recognition, there is little focus on how AFHS are implemented and the impact of implementation. The objectives of this study were to describe the strategies employed to support AFHS implementation in outpatient settings and to identify the measures used to evaluate implementation and effectiveness.

From Federal Policy to Bedside Care: A Canadian Perspective on Key Considerations for Nurse Executive Action for AI Adoption - A Commentary.

The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into healthcare represents a paradigm shift with the potential to enhance patient care and streamline clinical operations. This commentary explores the Canadian perspective on key organizational considerations for nurse executives, emphasizing the critical role they play in fostering the establishment of AI governance structures and advancing the front-line adoption of AI in nursing practice. The discussion delves into five domains of consideration, analyzing recent developments and implications for nursing executives.

Advance care planning readiness, barriers, and facilitators among seriously ill Black older adults and their surrogates: A mixed methods study.

Objectives: Advance care planning (ACP) supports communication and medical decision-making and is best conceptualized as part of the care planning continuum. Black older adults have lower ACP engagement and poorer quality of care in serious illness. Surrogates are essential to effective ACP but are rarely integrated in care planning.

Regimen comprising clarithromycin, clofazimine and bedaquiline is more efficacious than monotherapy in a mouse model of chronic lung infection.

, a leading non-tuberculous mycobacterium (NTM) pathogen, causes chronic pulmonary infections, particularly in individuals with underlying lung conditions or immunosuppression. Current treatments involve prolonged multi-drug regimens with poor outcomes and significant side effects, highlighting the urgent need for improved therapies. Using a BALB/c mouse model of chronic pulmonary disease, we evaluated the efficacy of individual antibiotics-clarithromycin, clofazimine, and rifabutin-and combination regimens including clarithromycin+bedaquiline and clarithromycin+clofazimine+bedaquiline.

Genotypes and drug resistance pattern of complex among clinically diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis patients.

Background: Clinically diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) (CDPTB) patients account for a huge proportion of TB. However, little is known about the genetic diversity and drug resistance profile of Complex (MTBC) strains in this group of patients.

Method: Unmatched case-control study was conducted among 313 PTB patients to compare the genetic diversity of MTBC and their drug resistance profiles among CDPTB ( = 173) and bacteriologically confirmed pulmonary TB (BCPTB) ( = 140) patients.

Assessing the spatial scale of synchrony in forest tree population dynamics.

Populations of forest trees exhibit large temporal fluctuations, but little is known about the synchrony of these fluctuations across space, including their sign, magnitude, causes and characteristic scales. These have important implications for metapopulation persistence and theoretical community ecology. Using data from permanent forest plots spanning local, regional and global spatial scales, we measured spatial synchrony in tree population growth rates over sub-decadal and decadal timescales and explored the relationship of synchrony to geographical distance.

T-cell and Soluble Co-inhibitory Receptor Expression in Patients With Visceral Leishmaniasis Are Markers of Treatment Response and Clinical Outcome.

Background: Co-inhibitory receptors (immune checkpoints) regulate activated immune cells. Their expression on T cells can limit host defense. We hypothesized that chronic infection in patients with visceral leishmaniasis (VL) leads to expression of co-inhibitory receptors that could be markers of treatment response and clinical outcome.

Secondary cutaneous malignancy after treatment of basal cell carcinoma with hedgehog pathway inhibitor: a systematic review.

Several studies have been published describing development of cutaneous malignancy after vismodegib therapy; no systematic review has been conducted to interpret these data. Our objective was to systemically review reported cases of same-site or different-site cutaneous malignancy after smoothened inhibitor (SMOi) therapy for primary basal cell carcinoma (BCC). PubMed, CINAHL, and Scopus were systematically searched January 1, 2012 - March 28, 2024.

The pace of life for forest trees.

Tree growth and longevity trade-offs fundamentally shape the terrestrial carbon balance. Yet, we lack a unified understanding of how such trade-offs vary across the world's forests. By mapping life history traits for a wide range of species across the Americas, we reveal considerable variation in life expectancies from 10 centimeters in diameter (ranging from 1.

A Scoping Review of Multimodal, Dyadic Early Relational Health Interventions in NICUs in the United States.

Background: Early relational health (ERH) interventions can buffer toxic stress and improve the developmental trajectories of neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) infants.

Purpose: The purpose was to examine the current state of the science related to multimodal, dyadic ERH interventions implemented in the NICU setting in the United States and identify gaps in the current literature.

Data Sources: PubMed, Scopus, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), and PsycInfo were searched in November 2022 and November 2023 for original studies and conference proceedings from 1970 to present in the English language.

The dermacozines and light: a novel phenazine semiquinone radical based photocatalytic system from the deepest oceanic trench of the Earth.

Dermacozines, the secondary metabolites of the Mariana Trench sediment bacterium MT1.1, were studied using cyclic voltammetry (CV), electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), furthermore literature and own experimental UV-Vis spectroscopic data. With those measurements, we determined experimentally the positions of the HOMO, which shifts towards more positive potentials, and the constant LUMO on the standard hydrogen electrode scale, while the HOMO-LUMO gap gets deeper, respectively.

Perinatal Health Outcomes Among Women on Community Supervision: A Scoping Review.

The purpose of this scoping review is to review the extant literature regarding perinatal health outcomes for women on community supervision in the United States. PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus, PsycINFO, and Public Health were searched for peer-reviewed articles published in the United States from January 1, 1970, to March 7, 2023. After removal of duplicates and review of 1,412 article titles and abstracts, 19 articles were retrieved for full-text review; this yielded 4 studies for inclusion.

Estimation of joint torque in dynamic activities using wearable A-mode ultrasound.

The human body constantly experiences mechanical loading. However, quantifying internal loads within the musculoskeletal system remains challenging, especially during unconstrained dynamic activities. Conventional measures are constrained to laboratory settings, and existing wearable approaches lack muscle specificity or validation during dynamic movement.

Prognostic Role of Human Leukocyte Antigen Alleles and Cytokine Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms in Patients with Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Treated with Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor Drugs.

Tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) drugs have significantly improved chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) outcomes. Neopeptides from CML cells may induce specific immune responses, which are crucial for deep molecular (DMR) and treatment-free remission (TFR). In this study of Ethiopian patients with CML (n = 162), the HLA alleles and single-nucleotide polymorphisms of five cytokines revealed significant associations with clinical outcomes.

COVID-19 transmission between the community and meat processing plants in Ireland: A retrospective modelling study.

Outbreaks of COVID-19 in meat processing plants (MPPs) were recorded globally throughout the pandemic. There was speculation these outbreaks resulted in dissemination of COVID-19 throughout the surrounding county leading to high incidence rates. We aimed to investigate the dynamics of spread between MPPs and their surrounding counties.

Wearable robots for the real world need vision.

To enhance wearable robots, understanding user intent and environmental perception with novel vision approaches is needed.

Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 and Hepatitis B Virus Coinfections among Ethiopians with Acute Leukemia.

SARS-CoV-2 and blood-borne viral coinfections are well reported. Nevertheless, little is known regarding the seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 and coinfection with blood-borne viruses in hematologic malignancy patients in Ethiopia. We aimed to assess the seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 and associated infections with hepatitis B and other viruses among adolescent and adult acute leukemia patients at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.