Release of complex imaging reports to patients, do radiologists trust AI to help?

Background: As a result of the 21st Century Cures Act, radiology reports are immediately released to patients. However, these reports are often too complex for the lay patient, potentially leading to stress and anxiety. While solutions such as patient portals or providing radiologist contact information have been proposed in the past, new generative artificial intelligence technologies like ChatGPT and Google Gemini may provide the most accessible and scalable method of simplifying radiology reports for patients.

Clinician Staffing and Quality of Care in US Health Centers.

Importance: Health centers are vital primary care safety nets for underserved populations, but optimal clinician staffing associated with quality care is unclear. Understanding the association of clinician staffing patterns with quality of care may inform care delivery, scope-of-practice policy, and resource allocation.

Objective: To describe the association of clinician staffing models and ratios with quality-of-care metrics in health centers.

Abbreviated MRI in the evaluation of dizziness: report turnaround times and impact on length of stay compared to CT, CTA, and conventional MRI.

Purpose: Neuroimaging is often used in the emergency department (ED) to evaluate for posterior circulation strokes in patients with dizziness, commonly with CT/CTA due to speed and availability. Although MRI offers more sensitive evaluation, it is less commonly used, in part due to slower turnaround times. We assess the potential for abbreviated MRI to improve reporting times and impact on length of stay (LOS) compared to conventional MRI (as well as CT/CTA) in the evaluation of acute dizziness.

Geographic distribution of general industry payments to advanced-practice clinicians.

Following the recent expansion of the Open Payments program to include advanced-practice clinicians (APCs) as covered recipients, we characterized the geographical distribution of general industry payments to nurse practitioners and physician assistants using the Open Payments database. The number and dollar value of payments, as well as the average and median payment amount earned per provider, varied by state. However, a significantly higher proportion of APCs received payments in states with more restrictive scope-of-practice laws.

Even with ChatGPT, race matters.

Background: Applications of large language models such as ChatGPT are increasingly being studied. Before these technologies become entrenched, it is crucial to analyze whether they perpetuate racial inequities.

Methods: We asked Open AI's ChatGPT-3.

Quantitative Evaluation of Large Language Models to Streamline Radiology Report Impressions: A Multimodal Retrospective Analysis.

Background The complex medical terminology of radiology reports may cause confusion or anxiety for patients, especially given increased access to electronic health records. Large language models (LLMs) can potentially simplify radiology report readability. Purpose To compare the performance of four publicly available LLMs (ChatGPT-3.

Cost-Effectiveness of CT, CTA, MRI, and Specialized MRI for Evaluation of Patients Presenting to the Emergency Department With Dizziness.

Underlying stroke is often misdiagnosed in patients presenting with dizziness. Although such patients are usually ineligible for acute stroke treatment, accurate diagnosis may still improve outcomes through selection of patients for secondary prevention measures. The purpose of our study was to investigate the cost-effectiveness of differing neuroimaging approaches in the evaluation of patients presenting to the emergency department (ED) with dizziness who are not candidates for acute intervention.

Artificial Intelligence to Improve Patient Understanding of Radiology Reports.

Diagnostic imaging reports are generally written with a target audience of other providers. As a result, the reports are written with medical jargon and technical detail to ensure accurate communication. With implementation of the 21st Century Cures Act, patients have greater and quicker access to their imaging reports, but these reports are still written above the comprehension level of the average patient.

CT With CTA Versus MRI in Patients Presenting to the Emergency Department With Dizziness: Analysis Using Propensity Score Matching.

CT with CTA is widely used to exclude stroke in patients with dizziness, although MRI has higher sensitivity. The purpose of this article was to compare patients presenting to the emergency department (ED) with dizziness who undergo CT with CTA alone versus those who undergo MRI in terms of stroke-related management and outcomes. This retrospective study included 1917 patients (mean age, 59.

American College of Radiology Appropriateness Criteria®: a bibliometric analysis of panel members.

Objective: To assess the features of panel members involved in the writing of the ACR-AC and identify alignment with research output and topic-specific research publications.

Methods: A cross-sectional analysis was performed on the research output of panel members of 34 ACR-AC documents published in 2021. For each author, we searched Medline to record total number of papers (P), total number of ACR-AC papers (C) and total number of previously published papers that are relevant to the ACR-AC topic (R).

Distribution and Disparities of Industry Payments to Radiologists (2016-2020).

Background: The frequency, magnitude, and distribution of industry payments to radiologists are not well understood.

Rationale And Objectives: The aim of this study was to analyze the distribution of industry payments to physicians working in diagnostic radiology, interventional radiology, and radiation oncology, study the categories of payments and determine their correlation.

Materials And Methods: The Open Payments Database from the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services was accessed and analyzed for the period from January 1, 2016 to December 31, 2020.

No such thing as a free lunch: The direct marginal costs of breastfeeding.

Understanding costs associated with breastfeeding is critical to developing maximally effective policy to support breastfeeding by addressing financial barriers. Breastfeeding is not without cost; direct costs include those of equipment, modified nutritional intake, and time (opportunity cost). Breastfeeding need not require more equipment than formula feeding, though maternal equipment use varies by maternal preference.

Clinical criteria to exclude acute vascular pathology on CT angiogram in patients with dizziness.

Background: Patients presenting to the emergency department (ED) with dizziness may be imaged via CTA head and neck to detect acute vascular pathology including large vessel occlusion. We identify commonly documented clinical variables which could delineate dizzy patients with near zero risk of acute vascular abnormality on CTA.

Methods: We performed a cross-sectional analysis of adult ED encounters with chief complaint of dizziness and CTA head and neck imaging at three EDs between 1/1/2014-12/31/2017.

Clinical Implementation of a Combined Artificial Intelligence and Natural Language Processing Quality Assurance Program for Pulmonary Nodule Detection in the Emergency Department Setting.

Objective: This quality assurance study assessed the implementation of a combined artificial intelligence (AI) and natural language processing (NLP) program for pulmonary nodule detection in the emergency department setting. The program was designed to function outside of normal reading workflows to minimize radiologist interruption.

Materials And Methods: In all, 19,246 CT examinations including at least some portion of the lung anatomy performed in the emergent setting from October 1, 2021, to June 1, 2022, were processed by the combined AI-NLP program.

Cost-effectiveness of chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy in adults with relapsed or refractory follicular lymphoma.

Follicular lymphoma (FL) is traditionally considered treatable but incurable. In March 2021, the US Food and Drug Administration approved the use of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy in patients with relapsed or refractory (R/R) FL after ≥2 lines of therapy. Priced at $373 000, CAR T-cell therapy is potentially curative, and its cost-effectiveness compared with other modern R/R FL treatment strategies is unknown.