Insect reproductive behaviors are important mediators of carrion nutrient release into soil.

Current declines in terrestrial insect biomass and abundance have raised global concern for the fate of insects and the ecosystem services they provide. However, the ecological and economic contributions of many insects have yet to be quantified. Carrion-specializing invertebrates are important mediators of carrion decomposition; however, the role of their reproductive activities in facilitating this nutrient pulse into ecosystems is poorly understood.

Iterative energy self-calibration of Fe XANES spectra. Erratum.

A correction is made to the paper by Jones et al. (2020). [J.

Organizational science and cybersecurity: abundant opportunities for research at the interface.

Cybersecurity is an ever-present problem for organizations, but organizational science has barely begun to enter the arena of cybersecurity research. As a result, the "human factor" in cybersecurity research is much less studied than its technological counterpart. The current manuscript serves as an introduction and invitation to cybersecurity research by organizational scientists.

The Spatial and Cell-Type Distribution of SARS-CoV-2 Receptor ACE2 in the Human and Mouse Brains.

By engaging angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2 or Ace2), the novel pathogenic severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) invades host cells and affects many organs, including the brain. However, the distribution of ACE2 in the brain is still obscure. Here, we investigated the ACE2 expression in the brain by analyzing data from publicly available brain transcriptome databases.

Developing a visual aid to improve women's knowledge of hysterectomy.

Background: Female reproductive anatomy and physiology, compounded by low health literacy, can result in limited patient understanding of gynecologic procedures, complicating the already challenging patient decision-making process.

Objective: Describe a process of developing an effective visual aid that accurately communicates the risks, benefits, and possible outcomes of hysterectomy surgical approaches.

Patient Involvement: None.

Multiple measures of depression to enhance validity of major depressive disorder in the UK Biobank.

Background: The UK Biobank contains data with varying degrees of reliability and completeness for assessing depression. A third of participants completed a Mental Health Questionnaire (MHQ) containing the gold-standard Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI) criteria for assessing mental health disorders.

Aims: To investigate whether multiple observations of depression from sources other than the MHQ can enhance the validity of major depressive disorder (MDD).

Effect of riluzole on weight in short-term and long-term survivors of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

Riluzole is the first disease-modifying therapy for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) approved in 1995 by the Food and Drug Administration in the USA, and is now available worldwide. It delays time to tracheostomy or death and prolongs survival. The precise mechanism of the survival prolonging effect is unknown.

A platform trial in practice: adding a new experimental research arm to the ongoing confirmatory FLAIR trial in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia.

Background: The FLAIR trial in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia has a randomised, controlled, open-label, confirmatory, platform design. FLAIR was successfully amended to include an emerging promising experimental therapy to expedite its assessment, greatly reducing the time to reach the primary outcome compared to running a separate trial and without compromising the validity of the research or the ability to recruit to the trial and report the outcomes. The methodological and practical issues are presented, describing how they were addressed to ensure the amendment was a success.

Differential and spatial expression meta-analysis of genes identified in genome-wide association studies of depression.

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is the most prevalent psychiatric disorder worldwide and affects individuals of all ages. It causes significant psychosocial impairments and is a major cause of disability. A recent consortium study identified 102 genetic variants and 269 genes associated with depression.

The Dynamic Effect of the Valleculae on Singing Voice - An Exploratory Study Using 3D Printed Vocal Tracts.

Background And Objectives: The valleculae can be seen as a pair of side branches of the human vocal tract like the piriform fossae. While the acoustic properties of the piriform fossae have been explored in detail, there is little evidence of full exploration of the acoustic properties of the valleculae. A recent investigation (Vampola, Horáček, & Švec, 2015), using a finite element model of a single vowel /a/, suggests that the valleculae created two antiresonances and two resonances in the high frequency region (above 4kHz) along with those produced by the piriform sinuses.

Trends in the use of active surveillance and treatments in Medicare beneficiaries diagnosed with localized prostate cancer.

Background: The treatment for men diagnosed with localized prostate cancer has changed over time given the increased attention to the harms associated with over-diagnosis and the development of protocols for active surveillance.

Methods: We examined trends in the treatment of men diagnosed with localized prostate cancer between 2004 and 2015, using the most recently available data from Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program (SEER)-Medicare. Patients were stratified by Gleason score, age, and race groups.

Case report series: revisiting third and fourth pharyngeal arch anomalies, - are they thymopharyngeal duct remnants?

Background: Pharyngeal arch anomalies are the second most common form of head and neck congenital defect. The second arch anomalies are the most common, and compromise 95% of cases. Little is known about the 3rd and 4th arch anomalies as they are extremely rare.

Deterrence effects of antifraud and abuse enforcement in health care.

Estimates of the benefits of antifraud enforcement in health care typically focus on direct monetary damages. Deterrence effects are acknowledged but unquantified. We evaluate the impact of a Department of Justice investigation of hospitals accused of billing Medicare for unnecessary implantable cardiac defibrillator (ICD) procedures on their use.

Understanding differing outcomes from semantic and phonological interventions with children with word-finding difficulties: A group and case series study.

Developmental Language Disorder occurs in up to 10% of children and many of these children have difficulty retrieving words in their receptive vocabulary. Such word-finding difficulties (WFD) can impact social development and educational outcomes. This research aims to develop the evidence-base for supporting children with WFD and inform the design and analysis of intervention studies.

Hot-melt extrusion of photodynamic antimicrobial polymers for prevention of microbial contamination.

Infectious disease outbreaks within healthcare facilities can exacerbate patient illness and, in some cases, can be fatal. Contaminated surfaces and medical devices can act as a reservoir for transmission of pathogens and have been linked to the rising incidence of healthcare-acquired infections. Antimicrobial surfaces can reduce microbial contamination and transmission and have emerged as a crucial component in healthcare infection control in recent years.

Using a Simple Walking Model to Optimize Transfemoral Prostheses for Prosthetic Limb Stability-A Preliminary Study.

The interaction between the prescribed prosthetic knee and foot is critical to the safety of transfemoral prosthesis users primarily during the stance phase of the gait, when knee buckling can result in a fall. Nonetheless, there is still a need for standardized approaches to quantify the effects of prosthetic component interactions and associated mechanical function on user gait biomechanics. A numerical model was defined to simulate sagittal plane prosthetic limb stance based on a single inverted pendulum and predict effects of prosthetic knee alignment and foot stiffness on knee moment to identify optimal solutions.

Donor-Specific Transcriptomic Analysis of Alzheimer's Disease-Associated Hypometabolism Highlights a Unique Donor, Ribosomal Proteins and Microglia.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) starts decades before clinical symptoms appear. Low-glucose utilization in regions of the cerebral cortex marks early AD. To identify these regions, we conducted a voxel-wise meta-analysis of previous studies conducted with positron emission tomography that compared AD patients with healthy controls.

Understanding the mobility and retention of uranium and its daughter products.

Knowledge of the behavior of technologically enhanced naturally occurring radioactive materials derived through the decay of U and its daughter products, and their subsequent fractionation, mobilization and retention, is essential to develop effective mitigation strategies and long-term radiological risk prediction. In the present study, multiple state-of-the-art, spatially resolved micro-analytical characterization techniques were combined to systematically track the liberation and migration of radionuclides (RN) from U-bearing phases in an Olympic Dam Cu flotation concentrate following sulfuric-acid-leach processing. The results highlighted the progressive dissolution of U-bearing minerals (mainly uraninite) leading to the release, disequilibrium and ultimately upgrade of daughter RN from the parent U.

Efficacy of spoken word comprehension therapy in patients with chronic aphasia: a cross-over randomised controlled trial with structural imaging.

Objective: The efficacy of spoken language comprehension therapies for persons with aphasia remains equivocal. We investigated the efficacy of a self-led therapy app, 'Listen-In', and examined the relation between brain structure and therapy response.

Methods: A cross-over randomised repeated measures trial with five testing time points (12-week intervals), conducted at the university or participants' homes, captured baseline (T), therapy (T-T) and maintenance (T) effects.

Complete and Circularized Genome Assemblies of the Kroppenstedtia eburnea Genus Type Strain and the Kroppenstedtia pulmonis Species Type Strain with MiSeq and MinION Sequence Data.

DSM 45196 and W9323 are aerobic, Gram-positive, filamentous, chemoorganotrophic thermoactinomycetes. Here, we report on the complete and circular genome assemblies generated using Illumina MiSeq and Oxford Nanopore Technologies MinION reads. Putative gene clusters predicted to be involved in the production of secondary metabolites were also identified.

The impact of hearing impairment on early academic achievement in Aboriginal children living in remote Australia: a data linkage study.

Background: The prevalence of otitis media (OM) and related hearing loss has remained persistently high among some groups of Australian Aboriginal children who are also reported to have poor academic outcomes. The general literature remains inconclusive about the association between OM-related hearing loss and academic performance in primary school. This study aimed to investigate this association in Aboriginal children living in the Northern Territory (NT) of Australia.

The effects of polygenic risk for psychiatric disorders and smoking behaviour on psychotic experiences in UK Biobank.

While psychotic experiences are core symptoms of mental health disorders like schizophrenia, they are also reported by 5-10% of the population. Both smoking behaviour and genetic risk for psychiatric disorders have been associated with psychotic experiences, but the interplay between these factors remains poorly understood. We tested whether smoking status, maternal smoking around birth, and number of packs smoked/year were associated with lifetime occurrence of three psychotic experiences phenotypes: delusions (n = 2067), hallucinations (n = 6689), and any psychotic experience (delusions or hallucinations; n = 7803) in 157,366 UK Biobank participants.

An investigation of the effects of walking frame height and width on walking stability.

Background: Walking aids are designed for structural support during walking, however, surprisingly self-reported use of a walking aid ("Yes, I use one.") has been identified as a risk factor for falling. Adjustment and design of walking aids may affect their usefulness in facilitating a stable walking pattern.