Successful outcomes of older donors in laparoscopic donor nephrectomy.

Background And Purpose: Healthy older living donors (> 50 years) are helping meet increasing demands for kidney transplantation. Live donor grafts perform better than cadaveric donor grafts; however, concern surrounds the expected nephron loss of the donors as well as the relative safety to the donor. We examined the effect age had on living laparoscopic donor and recipient outcomes at a single institution.

Combination of BCG and interferon intravesical immunotherapy: an update.

Objective: To provide an update on the use of interferon (IFN) in the treatment of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC).

Methods: A literature review of intravesical IFN was performed.

Results: In vitro evidence suggested that IFN combined with BCG may have a synergistic effect on the immune response, and treatment regimens with IFN have used reduced BCG dosage in an attempt to reduce toxicity.