Sarcopenia and self-reported markers of physical frailty in patients with osteoporosis.

Unlabelled: Bone and muscle impairment, named osteoporosis and sarcopenia, may co-occur with age, and patients with both disorders might exhibit physical frailty. One-hundred sixty-three patients were included. 14.

[O]HO myocardial perfusion positron emission tomography: Added value of relative stress perfusion deficit in the prediction of significant coronary artery stenosis in a mixedpopulation.

Background: It remains unknown whether estimation of the relative stress perfusion deficit offers added value in the prediction of significant coronary artery stenosis in myocardial perfusion imaging with [O]HO positron emission tomography (PET) in a population with high prevalence of established cardiac disease.

Methods: During eight months, we consecutively included all patients undergoing [O]HO PET and subsequent invasive coronary angiography (ICA). Significant stenosis was defined from ICA as fractional flow reserve ≤.

The GLP-1-mediated gut-kidney cross talk in humans: mechanistic insight.

Incretin-based therapy is an antidiabetic and antiobesity approach mimicking glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) with additional end-organ protection. This review solely focuses on randomized, controlled mechanistic human studies, investigating the renal effects of GLP-1. There is no consensus about the localization of GLP-1 receptors (GLP-1Rs) in human kidneys.

Rb and [O]HO myocardial perfusion PET imaging: a prospective head to head comparison.

Background: Rb PET and [O]HO PET are both validated tracers for myocardical perfusion imaging but have not previously been compared clinically. During our site's transition from Rb to [O]HO PET, we performed a head-to-head comparison in a mixed population with suspected ischemic heart disease.

Methods: A total of 37 patients referred for perfusion imaging due to suspicion of coronary stenosis were examined with both Rb and [O]HO PET on the same day in rest and during adenosine-induced stress.

Age- and sex-specific changes in visceral fat mass throughout the life-span.

Objective: Visceral fat mass (VFM) is a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and malignancy; however, normative data are limited. The aim of this study was to provide reference data for VFM from a large, apparently healthy Caucasian adult population.

Methods: Volunteers aged 20 to 93 years from the Copenhagen City Heart Study had a standardized whole-body dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry scan performed using the iDXA (GE Lunar).

Sertraline treatment influences [F]FE-PE2I PET imaging for Parkinsonism.

Background: The dopamine transporter (DaT) PET ligand [F]FE-PE2I is used to aid the diagnosis of Parkinson's disease. After encountering four patients with a history of daily sertraline use, who all showed atypical findings on [F]FE-PE2I PET, we suspected that the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI), sertraline, might interfere with the results and lead to globally reduced striatal [F]FE-PE2I binding due to sertraline's high affinity for DaT.

Methods: We rescanned the four patients with [F]FE-PE2I PET after a 5-day sertraline pause.

Baseline bone turnover marker levels can predict change in bone mineral density during antiresorptive treatment in osteoporotic patients: the Copenhagen bone turnover marker study.

Unlabelled: Anti-resorptive osteoporosis treatment might be more effective in patients with high bone turnover. In this registry study including clinical data, high pre-treatment bone turnover measured with biochemical markers was correlated with higher bone mineral density increases. Bone turnover markers may be useful tools to identify patients benefitting most from anti-resorptive treatment.

Associations between inflammatory markers, body composition, and physical function: the Copenhagen Sarcopenia Study.

Background: Chronic low-grade inflammation has been suggested as one of the key elements in the development of sarcopenia, but in contrast to disease-related loss of muscle mass, the role of chronic low-grade inflammation in age-related (primary) sarcopenia is still not clear. The aim of this study was to investigate low-grade inflammation in relation to age and the potential association between inflammatory biomarkers and body composition, muscle strength and physical performance in a healthy Danish cohort.

Methods: There were 1160 generally healthy men and women (range: 22-93 years) included.

Irbesartan treatment does not influence plasma levels of the dicarbonyls methylglyoxal, glyoxal and 3-deoxyglucosone in participants with type 2 diabetes and microalbuminuria: An IRMA2 sub-study.

Aim: Angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) reduce vascular complications in diabetes independently of blood pressure. Experimental studies suggested that ARBs may restore the detoxifying enzyme glyoxalase 1, thereby lowering dicarbonyls such as methylglyoxal. Human data on the effects of ARBs on plasma dicarbonyl levels are lacking.

The Renal Extraction and the Natriuretic Action of GLP-1 in Humans Depend on Interaction With the GLP-1 Receptor.

Purpose: The natriuretic effect of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) in humans is independent of changes in renal plasma flow (RPF) and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) but may involve suppression of angiotensin II (ANG II) and a significant (~45%) renal extraction of GLP-1. The current study was designed to investigate the consequences for the renal extraction and the natriuretic effect of blocking GLP-1 receptors with the specific GLP-1 receptor antagonist, Exendin 9-39 (Ex 9-39).

Methods: Under fixed sodium intake for 4 days before each study day, 6 healthy male participants were recruited from our recent study where GLP-1 or vehicle was infused (1).

Increased oral sodium chloride intake in humans amplifies selectively postprandial GLP-1 but not GIP, CCK, and gastrin in plasma.

Human studies have demonstrated that physiologically relevant changes in circulating glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) elicit a rapid increase in renal sodium excretion when combined with expansion of the extracellular fluid volume. Other studies support the involvement of various gastrointestinal hormones, e.g.

Prevalence of muscle dysfunction concomitant with osteoporosis in a home-dwelling Danish population aged 65-93 years - The Copenhagen Sarcopenia Study.

Introduction: As life expectancy increases, a growing percentage of older individuals with age-related diseases such as osteoporosis and sarcopenia are expected. Patients with both conditions, i.e.

The Copenhagen Sarcopenia Study: lean mass, strength, power, and physical function in a Danish cohort aged 20-93 years.

Background: Despite no international consensus on the diagnostic criteria for sarcopenia, low lean mass, muscle strength, and physical function are important risk factors for disability, frailty, and mortality in older individuals, as well as in a wide range of patients with muscle loss. Here, we provide a population-based reference material of total and regional lean body mass, muscle strength/power parameters, and physical function in a healthy cohort of Danish men and women across the lifespan.

Methods: Volunteers aged 20-93 years from the Copenhagen City Heart Study were invited to establish a Danish reference material (Copenhagen Sarcopenia Study) on lean mass characteristics [appendicular lean mass (ALM), iDXA, GE Lunar], muscle function [handgrip strength (HGS), Jamar dynamometer and leg extension power (LEP), Nottingham Power Rig], and physical function [30 s sit-to-stand test (STS), 10-m maximal and habitual gait speed (GS)].

Modulation of the sympathetic nervous system in youngsters by vitamin-D supplementation.

The level of circulating vitamin D is known to be associated with the ejection fraction in heart failure patients and studies in rats have shown that vitamin D depletion leads to increased levels of circulating norepinephrine and decreased atrial contractility. We elucidated the effects of vitamin D supplementation on the autonomous nervous system in healthy youngsters. Thirty healthy subjects aged 18-25 years were recruited based on their serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D): 15 vitamin D insufficient (25[OH]D < 50 nmol/L) and 15 vitamin D sufficient (25[OH]D > 80 nmol/L) subjects.

Intravenous saline administration in patients with severe acquired brain injury and orthostatic intolerance for tilt-table mobilization.

Primary Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effect of intravenous saline administration on orthostatic hypotension (OH) during head up tilt (HUT) and the change in the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system before and after HUT in patients with severe acquired brain injury (ABI).

Research Design: The study is designed as an observational study.

Methods And Procedures: Fourteen patients with ABI, low level of consciousness and OH were monitored before, during and after HUT with non-invasive beat-to-beat blood pressure measurement, and transcranial Doppler determination of middle cerebral artery blood flow velocity.

Biomarkers of inflammation and endothelial dysfunction as predictors of pulse pressure and incident hypertension in type 1 diabetes: a 20 year life-course study in an inception cohort.

Aims/hypothesis: Vascular inflammation and endothelial dysfunction are thought to contribute to arterial stiffening and hypertension. This study aims to test this hypothesis with longitudinal data in the context of type 1 diabetes.

Methods: We investigated, in an inception cohort of 277 individuals with type 1 diabetes, the course, tracking and temporal inter-relationships of BP, specifically pulse pressure (a marker of arterial stiffening) and hypertension, and the following biomarkers of systemic and vascular inflammation/endothelial dysfunction: C-reactive protein (CRP), soluble intracellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1), soluble vascular cellular adhesion molecule-1 (sVCAM-1) and soluble E-selectin (sE-selectin).

Increased blood pressure and aortic stiffness among abusers of anabolic androgenic steroids: potential effect of suppressed natriuretic peptides in plasma?

Background: Abuse of anabolic androgenic steroids (AAS) is prevalent among recreational athletes and adverse effects on blood pressure (BP) and arterial stiffness could be substantial. Testosterone decreases natriuretic peptides which are key components in BP-regulation and may impair BP-homeostasis in AAS abusers.

Objective: To investigate BP and aortic stiffness in relation to natriuretic peptides among current AAS abusers, former AAS abusers and controls.

Screening with doppler ultrasound for carotid artery stenosis in patients with stroke or transient ischaemic attack.

Introduction: Carotid endarterectomy of symptomatic internal carotid artery stenosis in patients with stroke or transient ischaemic attack reduces the risk of recurrent stroke, particularly if performed within 2 weeks from the first event. We evaluated the efficiency of a screening programme based on Doppler ultrasound in patients hospitalized with stroke or transient ischaemic attack in the stroke centre at Rigshospitalet, Glostrup, Denmark, concerning timeliness of referral to the vascular surgeon and performance of carotid endarterectomy according to national recommendations.

Methods: Prospective study of a consecutive cohort of patients with transient ischaemic attack or stroke, referred for carotid Doppler ultrasound over a one-year period.

Epicardial, pericardial and total cardiac fat and cardiovascular disease in type 2 diabetic patients with elevated urinary albumin excretion rate.

Background We evaluated the association of cardiac adipose tissue including epicardial adipose tissue and pericardial adipose tissue with incident cardiovascular disease and mortality, coronary artery calcium, carotid intima media thickness and inflammatory markers. Design A prospective study of 200 patients with type 2 diabetes and elevated urinary albumin excretion rate (UAER). Methods Cardiac adipose tissue was measured from baseline echocardiography.

Incident microalbuminuria and complement factor mannan-binding lectin-associated protein 19 in people with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes.

Background: Evidence links the lectin pathway of complement activation to diabetic kidney disease. Upon carbohydrate-recognition by pattern-recognition molecules, eg, mannan-binding lectin (MBL), the MBL-associated serine protease (MASP-2) is activated and initiates the complement cascade. The MASP2 gene encodes MASP-2 and the alternative splice product MBL-associated protein 19 (MAp19).

The effect of liraglutide on renal function: A randomized clinical trial.

Aims: Among patients with type 2 diabetes and albuminuria, cardiorenal morbidity and mortality are high despite multifactorial treatment. Short-term reduction in albuminuria is considered suggestive of long-term renoprotective effects. We evaluated the renal effects of the glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist liraglutide on top of multifactorial care, including renin-angiotensin-system (RAS)-inhibition.