Implementation and validation of a new qPCR assay to detect imported human species.

Diagnosis of imported malaria is based on microscopic examination of blood smears (BS), detection of circulating plasmodial antigen by immunochromatography (ICT), or detection of spp. DNA by loop mediated isothermal amplification. We have developed duplex ( spp.

Routine laboratory screening for cyp51a-related azole resistance in Aspergillus fumigatus using Etest: Concordance with gene sequencing.

We evaluated the combined performance of itraconazole and voriconazole Etest® gradient concentration strips for the detection of Aspergillus fumigatus azole resistance associated with cyp51a mutations confirmed by gene sequencing. Among 118 A. fumigatus clinical isolates collected in a French center, 6 (5%) had azole resistance mutations, 5 of which were probably of environmental origin.

New guidelines reduce the risk of hospitalization for adult patients with uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria: An observational, multicenter, retrospective French study.

Objectives: We aimed to evaluate the impact of malaria declaration year (before or after 2017) on the frequency of hospitalization in metropolitan France of patients with uncomplicated non-vomiting P.falciparum malaria.

Patients And Methods: An observational, multicenter, retrospective study was carried out, using the database from the French National Reference Centre for Malaria.

Ex vivo susceptibility to antimalarial drugs and polymorphisms in drug resistance genes of African Plasmodium falciparum, 2016-2023: a genotype-phenotype association study.

Given the altered responses to both artemisinins and lumefantrine in Eastern Africa, monitoring antimalarial drug resistance in all African countries is paramount. We measured the susceptibility to six antimalarials using growth inhibition assays (IC ) for a total of 805 isolates obtained from travelers returning to France (2016-2023), mainly from West and Central Africa. Isolates were sequenced using molecular inversion probes (MIPs) targeting fourteen drug resistance genes across the parasite genome.

Monocytes, particularly nonclassical ones, lose their opsonic and nonopsonic phagocytosis capacity during pediatric cerebral malaria.

Introduction: Innate immunity is crucial to reducing parasite burden and contributing to survival in severe malaria. Monocytes are key actors in the innate response and, like macrophages, are plastic cells whose function and phenotype are regulated by the signals from the microenvironment. In the context of cerebral malaria (CM), monocyte response constitutes an important issue to understand.

Novel paradigm enables accurate monthly gestational screening to prevent congenital toxoplasmosis and more.

Background: Congenital toxoplasmosis is a treatable, preventable disease, but untreated causes death, prematurity, loss of sight, cognition and motor function, and substantial costs worldwide.

Objectives: We asked whether high performance of an Immunochromatographic-test (ICT) could enable accurate, rapid diagnosis/treatment, establishing new, improved care-paradigms at point-of-care and clinical laboratory.

Methods: Data were obtained in 12 studies/analyses addressing: 1-feasibility/efficacy; 2-false-positives; 3-acceptability; 4-pink/black-line/all studies; 5-time/cost; 6-Quick-Information/Limit-of-detection; 7, 8-acute;-chronic; 9-epidemiology; 10-ADBio; 11,12-Commentary/Cases/Chronology.

Plasmodium ovale spp dhfr mutations associated with reduced susceptibility to pyrimethamine in sub-Saharan Africa: a retrospective genetic epidemiology and functional study.

Background: Mutations in the Plasmodium falciparum dhfr gene confer resistance to pyrimethamine, which is widely used for malaria chemoprevention in Africa. We aimed to evaluate the frequency and evolution of dhfr mutations in Plasmodium ovale spp in Africa and their functional consequences, which are incompletely characterised.

Methods: We analysed dhfr mutations and their frequencies in P ovale spp isolates collected between Feb 1, 2004, and Aug 31, 2023, from the French National Malaria Reference Centre collection and from field studies in Benin, Gabon, and Kenya.

Comparative performance of ISAGA IgM and ELISA assays for the diagnosis of maternal and congenital Toxoplasma infections: which technique could replace ISAGA IgM?

The ISAGA immunocapture test for the detection of anti-Toxoplasma immunoglobulin M is a manual technique known for its excellent sensitivity and specificity. The purpose of this retrospective, multicenter study was to compare the performances and agreement between ISAGA and other IgM detection techniques before cessation of ISAGA production. The analytic performance of the different tests was evaluated using 1,341 serum samples from adults with positive IgM and negative IgG to Toxoplasma gondii, and 1,206 sera from neonates born to mothers with seroconversion.

Length of stay in at-risk areas and time to malaria attack on return.

Background: Experimental infection with Plasmodium falciparum results in malaria attack within a few days of exposure. However, we have regularly observed malaria attack within a short time after return, regardless of the time spent in an endemic area. We therefore aimed to assess whether the time before return and malaria attack varies according to length of stay.

Chronic schistosomiasis imported in France: A retrospective multicentre analysis of 532 patients, calling for international recommendations.

Background: Schistosomiasis is a major public health issue for migrants. This study aims to describe the clinical presentation and management of imported schistosomiasis in France.

Methods: We included all new cases of schistosomiasis in patients aged ≥18 years, defined by a positive specific Western blot and/or a positive parasitological analysis of urine, stool or biopsy, between January 1, 2016, and December 31, 2019, in 4 laboratories in Paris and Western France.

Genetic diversity of among immigrant patients exhibiting severe and non-severe clinical manifestations in northern suburbs of Paris.

is the most frequent and widely distributed cause of recurring malaria. It is a public health issue that mostly occurs in Southeast Asia, followed by the Middle East, Latin, and South Americas and sub-Saharan Africa. Although it is commonly known as an etiologic agent of malaria with mild clinical manifestations, it can lead to severe complications.

Performances of ICT Toxoplasma IgG-IgM test in comparison with Vidas® toxo competition to determine the immune status against Toxoplasma gondii.

Toxoplasmosis is a ubiquitous parasitic infection caused by Toxoplasma gondii (Tg). In immunocompetent people, the infection may be asymptomatic with the induction of an immune response that may prevent reinfection or transmission to the fetus in immune pregnant woman. In immunocompromised persons or seronegative pregnant woman with a primary infection during pregnancy, the infection may result in the loss of life, sight, cognition, and motor function in the immune-compromised person or immunologically immature fetus.

Contribution of serology in congenital toxoplasmosis diagnosis: results from a 10-year French retrospective study.

This study aimed to evaluate different serological strategies for the postnatal diagnosis of congenital toxoplasmosis (CT) and establish a biological algorithm for CT diagnosis. The study analyzed serological data of immunoglobulins M, A, and G (IgM, IgA, IgG) performed by immunoenzymatic and compared immunological profile (CIP) assays in 668 newborns with CT diagnosis across four testing periods: P1 (D0- D10), P2 (D11-D35), P3 (D36-D45), and P4 (>D45). Forty-nine percent of the 668 CT cases were diagnosed during P1 and 34%, 4%, and 12% during P2, P3, and P4, respectively.

Faecal Viral Excretion and Gastrointestinal Co-Infection Do Not Explain Digestive Presentation in COVID-19 Patients.

The physiopathological mechanisms responsible for digestive symptoms in COVID-19 patients are still unclear. The aim of this study was to determine the influence of faecal viral shedding on digestive symptoms and propose differential diagnoses in order to understand the gastrointestinal clinical spectrum in acute cases of COVID-19. All patients managed between March and May 2020, from whom stool samples were collected for microbiological investigations, were included.

Comparison of the Micronaut-AM System and the EUCAST Broth Microdilution Reference Method for MIC Determination of Four Antifungals against .

The Antifungal Susceptibility Testing method of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST-AFST) is a reference technique for the determination of the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of antifungals for . However, it is time-consuming and requires expertise. Micronaut-AM (M-AM) is a fast, simple, time-saving, and ready-to-use new colorimetric method using an indicator (resazurin) to facilitate the visual reading.

Molecular detection of human Plasmodium species using a multiplex real time PCR.

Molecular detection methods have revealed higher sensitivity and specificity than conventional microscopy or rapid diagnostic tests for malaria diagnosis. In this study, we implemented, evaluated and validated according to the ISO 15,189 requirements, a multiplex real-time PCR assay to detect and identify the five human malaria parasites. DNA samples were extracted from whole blood or dried blood spots drawn from patients.

IgM triplet in neonatal diagnosis by immunoblotting and its potential use as a diagnostic marker for congenital toxoplasmosis.

Primary infection during pregnancy by the protozoan Toxoplasma gondii can be worrisome because transmission to the fetus may lead to congenital toxoplasmosis (CT). Neonatal diagnosis is usually performed by serological profile comparison of the mother and newborn. As previously reported in 2012 by C.

Plasmodium falciparum kelch13 polymorphisms identified after treatment failure with artemisinin-based combination therapy in Niger.

Background: Artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT) is the most effective treatment for malaria, and has significantly reduced morbimortality. Polymorphisms associated with the Plasmodium falciparum Kelch gene (Pfkelch13) have been associated with delayed parasite clearance even with ACT treatment.

Methods: The Pfkelch13 gene was sequenced from P.