Physicochemical Stability of Doravirine (Pifeltro): Characterization of Main Degradation Products and Assessment of Stability of Tablets Repackaged in Single-Dose Unit Containers.

Doravarine (DOR) is an antiviral drug with a marketed authorization for the management of occupational blood and body fluid exposure. The currently existing packaging, consisting of multiple unit bottles comprising 30 tablets, is not fully appropriate for daily nominative dispensing at the hospital. This study aims at assessing the impact of the change in packaging on the key attributes of the drug: assay, impurity profile, and dissolution.

High Mobility Group Box 1 Gene Polymorphism and Serum High Mobility Group Box 1, Interleukin 1 Beta, and Alpha-Klotho Crosstalk in Severe COVID-19 Patients.

Aim: To evaluate the serum levels of HMGB1, IL1β, and α-klotho in COVID-19 patients with different disease severity, investigate their association with clinicopathological parameters, and to assess HMGB1 rs1045411 polymorphism and its relation with clinical severity.

Methods: 120 COVID-19 patients (89 critically ill, 15 severe, and 16 moderately severe) along with 80 healthy control were enrolled.The serum levels of HMGB1,IL1β, and α-klotho were determined by ELISA.

Potential antitumour effect of all-trans retinoic acid on regorafenib-treated human colon cancer cell lines.

Introduction: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a significant contributor to cancer-related mortality worldwide, ranking as the second leading cause of such deaths. Central to the progression of this malignancy is angiogenesis - a complex process orchestrated by vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Regorafenib, a potent multikinase inhibitor, acts as a critical antagonist of multiple kinases involved in angiogenesis, proliferation, and metastasis.

Serum soluble toll-like receptor 4 and risk for clinical severity in COVID-19 patients.

Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling mediates sustained systemic inflammation in(COVID)-19 patients. We aimed to assess the serum levels of sTLR4 and sCD14 as negative regulators of Toll like receptor signaling and their association with laboratory markers and clinical severity in covid 19 patients. Ninety-eight patients with COVID-19 (70 severe and 28 non-severe) were enrolled in the study.

The Synergistic Antitumor Effect of Decitabine and Vorinostat Combination on HepG2 Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cell Line via Epigenetic Modulation of Autophagy-Apoptosis Molecular Crosstalk.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a worldwide health issue. Epigenetic alterations play a crucial role in HCC tumorigenesis. Using epigenetic modulators for HCC treatment confers a promising therapeutic effect.

Antitumor effects of rhamnazinon sorafenib-treated human hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines via modulation of VEGF signaling and PI3K/NF-κB p38/caspase-3 axes cross talk.

Aims: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common liver malignancy,characterized by dysregulation of multiple oncogenic signaling pathways, including the VEGF/PI3K/NF-κB and p38 MAPK axes.Sorafenib is a multikinase inhibitor that targets Raf kinases and receptor tyrosine kinases,which mediate HCC angiogenesis.Rhamnazin is a VEGFR2 signaling inhibitor, which inhibits the phosphorylation of Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2(VEGFR2) and its downstream signaling regulators.

Effect of Regorafenib on P2X7 Receptor Expression and Different Oncogenic Signaling Pathways in a Human Breast Cancer Cell Line: A Potential of New Insight of the Antitumor Effects of Regorafenib.

Background: Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in women worldwide. P2X7 is a transmembrane receptor expressed in breast cancer and activated by the ATP tumor microenvironment, driving cell proliferation, angiogenesis, and metastasis via different signaling pathways. The role of the P2X7 receptor, hypoxia, and autophagy in regulating tumor progression is controversial.

Serum soluble Toll-like receptor 4 and the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in hepatitis C virus patients.

Introduction: Soluble Toll-like receptor 4 (sTLR4) is a negative regulator of TLR4 signalling that has been reported in different diseases. In this study, we aimed to assess the serum levels of sTLR4 in hepatitis C virus (HCV)-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and to investigate the correlation of sTLR4 with clinicopathological and biochemical parameters among HCV-related HCC patients and hepatitis C without HCC patients.

Material And Methods: Fifty patients with HCV-related HCC, 50 patients with hepatitis C without HCC and 50 healthy control volunteers were enrolled.

Association between serum soluble Toll-like receptor 2 and 4 and the risk of breast cancer.

Soluble Toll-like receptor (sTLR) 2 and 4 are endogenous negative regulators of TLR2 and TLR4 signaling. Therefore, the present study aimed to determine the serum levels of sTLR2 and 4, and to investigate the association between their levels and the clinicopathological parameters of patients with breast cancer. A total of 100 female patients with breast cancer (50 non-metastatic and 50 metastatic), as well as 50 healthy control volunteers were enrolled in the present study, and serum levels of sTLR2 and 4 were determined by ELISA.

Serum soluble toll-like receptor 2 and 4 as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for non-Hodgkin lymphoma.

Aim Of The Study: To assess the serum levels of soluble toll-like receptor 2 (sTLR2) and soluble toll-like receptor 4 (sTLR4) in a group of patients with non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) and to investigate their correlations with the clinicopathological parameters of NHL.

Material And Methods: Fifty patients with early-stage NHL and 50 patients with advanced-stage NHL along with 50 age- and sex-matched healthy volunteers were enrolled in the study. Serum levels of sTLR2 and sTLR4 were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

Evidence that a STAT3 Mutation Causing Hyper IgE Syndrome Leads to Repression of Transcriptional Activity.

We present the case of a 19-year-old female with a mild form of Autosomal Dominant Hyper IgE syndrome (HIES) associated with a loss-of-function mutation in . Within the first years of life she developed multiple, associated abscesses in the neck and face requiring frequent incision and drainage. Respiratory tract infections were not a feature of the clinical phenotype and a high resolution thoracic CT scan was unremarkable.

A novel de novo activating mutation in STAT3 identified in a patient with common variable immunodeficiency (CVID).

Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) is characterised by repeated infection associated with primary acquired hypogammaglobulinemia. CVID frequently has a complex aetiology but, in certain cases, it has a monogenic cause. Recently, variants within the gene encoding the transcription factor STAT3 were implicated in monogenic CVID.

Serum and aqueous humor concentrations of interleukin-27 in diabetic retinopathy patients.

Purpose: Interleukin (IL)-27 has been reported to possess anti- and proinflammatory properties in several immune related-disorders, but its role in diabetic retinopathy is still elusive. Here, we aimed to (i) evaluate IL-27 concentrations in serum and aqueous humor of diabetic patients with or without retinopathy and (ii) test whether IL-27 is correlated with some risk factors of diabetic retinopathy.

Methods: The study comprised 60 diabetic patients with and without retinopathy along with 20 healthy controls.

Serum atrial natriuretic peptide: a suspected biomarker of breast cancer.

Aim Of The Study: To assess serum levels of ANP in breast cancer female patients and its relationship to metastasis and some clinical parameters among those patients.

Material And Methods: One hundred breast cancer patients with and without metastasis along with 20 healthy closely matched controls, were enrolled in the present cross sectional study. Background: To assess the serum levels of atrial natriuretic peptide in breast cancer Serum levels of ANP were assessed using ELISA.

Polymorphisms of α1-antitrypsin and Interleukin-6 genes and the progression of hepatic cirrhosis in patients with a hepatitis C virus infection.

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection represents a serious health problem. The -174 G/C mutation in the pro inflammatory cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6) is associated with developing liver diseases. Likewise, the S and Z mutations in the serine protease inhibitor α1-antitrypsin (A1AT) are associated with pulmonary emphysema and/or liver cirrhosis.

Serum 25-OH vitamin D level in treatment-naïve systemic lupus erythematosus patients: Relation to disease activity, IL-23 and IL-17.

Objectives The aim of this study was to assess the vitamin D status in treatment-naïve SLE patients and its association with clinical and laboratory markers of disease activity, including serum levels of IL-17 and IL-23. Methods Fifty-seven treatment-naïve SLE patients along with 42 matched controls were included. SLEDAI score was used to estimate disease activity.

Polymorphisms of glutathione S-transferase π 1 and toll-like receptors 2 and 9: Association with breast cancer susceptibility.

Polymorphisms in antioxidant enzymes and innate immune receptors have been implicated in the development of various types of cancer. The present study aimed to investigate whether polymorphisms of glutathione S-transferase π 1 (GSTP1) and toll-like receptors (TLRs) 2 and 9 are associated with susceptibility to breast cancer among females. The study was conducted on 72 Egyptian female patients with breast cancer, along with 100 healthy volunteers.

Serum soluble toll-like receptor 2: a novel biomarker for systemic lupus erythematosus disease activity and lupus-related cardiovascular dysfunction.

Aim: To assess the serum levels of soluble toll-like receptor (sTLR2) as an endogenous negative regulator of TLR2 signaling in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients, to investigate the correlation between sTLR2 and SLE disease activity index (SELDAI), SLE-related cardiovascular risk factors and ventricular dysfunction and to evaluate the effect of different therapeutic regimens on serum sTLR2 levels.

Methods: Ninety-six SLE patients, along with 30 healthy controls, were enrolled in the study. Echocardiography measurements were performed.

Celastrol ameliorates murine colitis via modulating oxidative stress, inflammatory cytokines and intestinal homeostasis.

Therapeutic agents that block the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) pathway might be beneficial for incurable inflammatory diseases, such as ulcerative colitis. Here, we investigated the effect of the novel NF-κB inhibitor celastrol on murine colitis. Colitis was induced in male mice by administration of 5% (w/v) dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) in drinking water for a period of 5 days, followed by a 2 day recovery period.

Clomiphene citrate co-treatment with low dose urinary FSH versus urinary FSH for clomiphene resistant PCOS: randomized controlled trial.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to examine the effect of clomiphene citrate [CC] co-administration during the use of exogenous low-dose urinary FSH [uFSH] for induction of ovulation in CC-resistant infertile PCOS women.

Methods: In a randomised controlled setting, 174 CC-resistant infertile PCOS women were randomized into two parallel groups; Group I received CC 100 mg/day for 5 days plus uFSH 37.5 IU/day while group II received only uFSH 37.

Effects of immunomodulatory drugs on plasma inflammatory markers in a rabbit model of atherosclerosis.

Atherosclerosis is a chronic disease of the arterial wall where both innate and adaptive immuno-inflammatory mechanisms are involved. Inflammatory cytokines are implicated in the development and progression of atherosclerotic lesions. Immunomodulatory therapies have been proposed for the treatment of atherosclerosis.

Natural anti-inflammatory products and leukotriene inhibitors as complementary therapy for bronchial asthma.

Objective: To assess the efficacy of a combination of Boswellia serrata, licorice root (Glycyrrhiza glabra) and Tumeric root (Curcuma longa) as natural leukotriene inhibitor, antiinflammatory and antioxidant products respectively in controlling bronchial asthma.

Subjects And Methods: The study comprised 63 patients with bronchial asthma that are further subdivided into two groups .Group 1 receiving oral capsule (combined herb) in a soft-gelatin capsule 3 times daily for 4weeks and group 2 receiving placebo.

Insulin resistance in early untreated rheumatoid arthritis patients.

Objectives: To assess insulin resistance in early untreated rheumatoid arthritis patients and its relation to the clinical, inflammatory and biochemical characteristics of these patients.

Patients And Methods: Sixty-six untreated rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients with disease duration less than 1 year along with age and sex matched controls were studied. Disease activity score (DAS28) was used to assess disease activity.

Comparison of vitamin E, L-carnitine and melatonin in ameliorating carbon tetrachloride and diabetes induced hepatic oxidative stress.

This study aimed to investigate whether treatments with vitamin E, L-carnitine and melatonin can protect against CCl(4) and diabetes-induced hepatic oxidative stress. Hepatic oxidative stress was performed in rats through 50% v/v carbon tetrachloride (CCl(4)) (1 ml/kg/3 days, i.p.

Discrepancy between the tuberculin skin test and the levels of serum interferon-gamma in the diagnosis of tubercular infection in contacts.

Objective: Our aim was to compare the tuberculin skin test (TST) results and the level of serum IFN-gamma in the diagnosis of TB infection among contact of smear positive tuberculosis.

Design And Methods: Chest x ray, tuberculin skin test and serum level of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) by ELISA were performed to 30 sputum positive tuberculosis patients, their 118 household contacts and 31 healthy controls.

Results: The serum level of IFN-gamma was significantly elevated in index cases than in contacts and control groups.