Our objective was to determine whether the twice-weekly screening of high-risk hematology patients by Mucorales qPCR on serum affects the prognosis of mucormycosis. Results from all serum Mucorales qPCR tests performed on patients from the hematology unit from January 2017 to December 2022 were analyzed. Patients with positive results were classified as having proven, probable or 'PCR-only' mucormycosis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAntimicrobial resistance is a global health issue and extended-spectrum β-lactamase producing Escherichia coli (ESBL-Ec) and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) are of particular concern. Whole genome sequencing analysis of isolates from the community is essential to understand the circulation of those multidrug-resistant bacteria. Our main objective was to determine the population structure of clinical ESBL-Ec and MRSA isolated in the community setting of a French region.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClinical, epidemiologic, and microbiologic analyses revealed emergence of 26 cases of Corynebacterium diphtheriae species complex infections on Réunion Island, France, during 2015-2020. Isolates were genetically diverse, indicating circulation and local transmission of several diphtheria sublineages. Clinicians should remain aware of the risk for diphtheria and improve diagnostic methods and patient management.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjectives: We assessed the contamination with Legionella pneumophila (Lp) of the hot water network (HWN) of a hospital, mapped the risk of contamination, and evaluated the relatedness of isolates. We further validated phenotypically the biological features that could account for the contamination of the network.
Methods: We collected 360 water samples from October 2017 to September 2018 in 36 sampling points of a HWN of a building from a hospital in France.
Objectives: To determine prevalence, incidence, and factors associated with Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) intestinal carriage in residents of long-term care facilities (LTCFs) and to understand the population structure of this pathogen in LTCFs from two European countries.
Methods: We assessed the prevalence of PA intestinal carriage and the incidence of acquisition by collecting fecal samples from 403 residents of 20 LTCFs. We collected 289 environmental samples from sinks and drinking water.
Background: Extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli (ESBL-Ec) is a major cause of infections worldwide. An understanding of the reservoirs and modes of transmission of these pathogens is essential, to tackle their increasing frequency.
Objectives: We investigated the contributions of various compartments (humans, animals, environment), to human colonization or infection with ESBL-Ec over a 3 year period, on an island.
CC17 carrying group-A prophages is increasingly responsible for neonatal infections. To investigate the impact of the genetic features of a group-A prophage, we first conducted an in silico analysis of the genome of 12/111phiA, a group-A prophage carried by a strain responsible for a bloodstream infection in a parturient. This revealed a Restriction Modification system, suggesting a prophage maintenance strategy and five ORFs of interest for the host and encoding a type II toxin antitoxin system RelB/YafQ, an endonuclease, an S-adenosylmethionine synthetase MetK, and an StrP-like adhesin.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe worldwide spread of Klebsiella pneumoniae producing extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL-Kp) is a significant threat. Specifically, various pandemic clones of ESBL-Kp are involved in hospital outbreaks and caused serious infections. In that context, we assessed the phenotypic and molecular features of a collection of ESBL-Kp isolates in a French university hospital and evaluated the occurrence of potential cross-transmissions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAims: Alveolar echinococcosis (AE) is characterized by a chronically progressing hepatic injury caused by Echinococcus multilocularis. Surgery presently remains the best curative option. Currently, biological predictive features derived from the resected specimens are not suitable to assess surgery efficacy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClin Infect Dis
November 2021
Background: The issue of contact precautions as contributory factors for reducing Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Pa) infections in intensive care units (ICUs) remains questioned. We evaluated the impact of the addition of contact precautions to standard precautions for Pa-positive patients on incidence of ICU-acquired Pa infections.
Methods: In this multicenter, cluster-randomized crossover trial, 10 French ICUs were randomly assigned (1:1) to sequence 0-1 (6-month control period [CP]/3-month washout period/6-month intervention period [IP]) or sequence 1-0 (6-month IP/3-month washout period/6-month CP).
Objectives: Since the early 2000s, Escherichia coli resistance to third-generation cephalosporins (3GCs) has been increasing in all European countries, mainly due to the spread of extended spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs). Here we present a retrospective study that combines resistance of E. coli to 3GCs and quinolones with data on antibiotic use in the community in a region of Northeastern France.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWe conducted a 6-year retrospective analysis of monitoring of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE) in a large hospital in a low CPE incidence area, and we evaluated the "search and isolate" strategy implemented. In total, 40 CPE isolates were collected from 32 patients, and only 1.4% of contact patients screened were CPE carriers.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRapid identification of Candida species is important for appropriate antifungal therapy of fungemia. The matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) system is a useful tool to identify bacteria and yeasts. In this study, we evaluated the feasibility of identifying yeasts after a short-term incubation on a solid medium.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGalactomannan antigen (GM) testing has been used for decades to screen immunocompromised patients for invasive aspergillosis (IA). Recent publications suggested that using a higher cut-off value than 0.5 in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) could be more discriminant for hematology patients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInfect Control Hosp Epidemiol
February 2018
OBJECTIVE To describe an outbreak of multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa in which the hospital waste-pipe system was the likely source of contamination and to report the bundle of measures that facilitated the long-term control of the outbreak. DESIGN Outbreak investigation. SETTING The hematology unit of a tertiary-care referral center.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAntimicrob Resist Infect Control
June 2019
Background: The ongoing extended spectrum β-lactamase-producing (ESBL-PE) pandemic has led to an increasing carbapenem use, requiring release of guidelines for carbapenem usage in France in late 2010. We sought to determine factors associated with changes in carbapenem use in intensive care units (ICUs), medical and surgical wards between 2009 and 2013.
Methods: This ward-level multicentre retrospective study was based on data from French antibiotic and multidrug-resistant bacteria surveillance networks in healthcare facilities.
Alveolar echinococcosis is a severe chronic helminthic disease that mimics slow-growing liver cancer. The immune evasion strategy of Echinococcus multilocularis Leuckart, 1863 remains poorly understood. The aim of this study was to investigate in vitro the impact of E.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Invasive fungal infections (IFIs) play an important role in the mortality of immunocompromised patients. The pediatric hematology department (PHD) at Besançon University Hospital has relocated 3 times: (1) from a building without an air filtration system (B1), (2) to a renovated building with low air pressure (B2), and (3) to a new building with high air pressure and high-efficiency particulate air filters (B3). This study aimed to investigate how these relocations influenced the fungal exposure risk for the PHD's patients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: Hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP) is an immunoallergic disease due to chronic exposure to high quantities of different microorganisms such as Mycobacterium immunogenum (Mi), a mycobacterium, and Lichtheimia corymbifera (Lc), a filamentous fungus. It has recently been demonstrated that the protein DLDH (dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase), is common to these microorganisms. This study aimed to investigate the immune potential of overlapping peptide pools covering the MiDLDH and LcDLDH.
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