Nanomaterials as carriers to improve the photodynamic antibacterial therapy.

The main treatment for bacterial infections is antibiotic therapy, but the emergence of bacterial resistance has severely limited the efficacy of antibiotics. Therefore, another effective means of treating bacterial infections is needed to alleviate the therapeutic pressure caused by antibiotic resistance. Photodynamic antibacterial therapy (PDAT) has gradually entered people's field of vision as an infection treatment method that does not depend on antibiotics.

Enzyme-Responsive Materials as Carriers for Improving Photodynamic Therapy.

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a mini-invasive therapy on malignancies via reactive oxygen species (ROS) induced by photosenitizer (PS) upon light irradiation. However, poor target of PS to tumor limits the clinical application of PDT. Compared with normal tissues, tumor tissues have a unique enzymatic environment.

Stimuli-Responsive Nanoplatform-Assisted Photodynamic Therapy Against Bacterial Infections.

Bacterial infections are common diseases causing tremendous deaths in clinical settings. It has been a big challenge to human beings because of the antibiotics abuse and the newly emerging microbes. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a reactive oxygen species-based therapeutic technique through light-activated photosensitizer (PS).

Smart Responsive Nanoformulation for Targeted Delivery of Active Compounds From Traditional Chinese Medicine.

Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been used to treat disorders in China for ~1,000 years. Growing evidence has shown that the active ingredients from TCM have antibacterial, antiproliferative, antioxidant, and apoptosis-inducing features. However, poor solubility and low bioavailability limit clinical application of active compounds from TCM.

Tumor Microenvironment-Responsive Nanomaterials as Targeted Delivery Carriers for Photodynamic Anticancer Therapy.

Photodynamic therapy (PDT), as an alternative approach to treat tumors through reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced by the activated photosensitizers (PS) upon light irradiation, has attracted wide attention in recent years due to its low invasive and highly efficient features. However, the low hydrophilicity and poor targeting of PS limits the clinical application of PDT. Stimuli-responsive nanomaterials represent a major class of remarkable functional nanocarriers for drug delivery.

Using Polypeptide Bearing Furan Side Chains as a General Platform to Achieve Highly Effective Preparation of Smart Glycopolypeptide Analogue-Based Nano-Prodrugs for Cancer Treatment.

Although several synthetic polypeptide-based nano-prodrugs (NPDs) have entered clinical trials for cancer treatment, achieving a highly effective production of the NPDs for clinical translation remains a challenge. Herein, we develop a typical preparation of pH/glutathione (GSH) dual-responsive glycopolypeptide analogue NPDs having a high drug capsulation/loading efficiency of ca. 93% and ca.

Self-Delivery Nanomedicine for O-Economized Photodynamic Tumor Therapy.

Tumor hypoxia is the Achilles heel of oxygen-dependent photodynamic therapy (PDT), and tremendous challenges are confronted to reverse the tumor hypoxia. In this work, an oxidative phosphorylation inhibitor of atovaquone (ATO) and a photosensitizer of chlorine e6 (Ce6)-based self-delivery nanomedicine (designated as ACSN) were prepared via π-π stacking and hydrophobic interaction for O-economized PDT against hypoxic tumors. Specifically, carrier-free ACSN exhibited an extremely high drug loading rate and avoided the excipient-induced systemic toxicity.

Drug-release system of microchannel transport used in minimally invasive surgery for hemostasis.

Background: Sucrose allyl ether (SAE) containing hemostatic drugs and a photoinitiator was established to treat mild postpartum hemorrhage or long-term continuous abnormal uterine bleeding in minimally invasive surgery (MIS) using a photopolymerization method.

Methods And Results: Real-time infrared spectroscopy and rheological experiments showed that the SAE monomer with shear-thinning characteristics could polymerize rapidly into a transparent membrane. Cytotoxicity experiments in vitro showed that this system could elicit a long-term hemostatic effect.

Minimally Invasive Hemostatic Materials: Tackling a Dilemma of Fluidity and Adhesion by Photopolymerization in situ.

Hemostasis in vivo is a key to success in minimally invasive surgery (MIS). However, solid hemostatic materials cannot pass through the sheath tube of the MIS apparatus, while liquid ones are restricted by their low adhesion, which leads to them peeling off of tissue. To tackle the dilemma of fluidity and adhesion, a formulation containing a multifunctional sucrose allyl ether (SAE) monomer and an alpha-hydroxyketone liquid photoinitiator (HMPP) was applied as a lead hemostatic material for MIS.

Microscopic progression in the free radical addition reaction: modeling, geometry, energy, and kinetics.

The free radical addition reaction is very important in UV curing. The benzoyl radical is the most commonly observed radical. In the addition process, the benzoyl radical adds to an acrylate monomer, forming a primary radical that has great value for subsequent research.