Anti-manic effect of deep brain stimulation of the ventral tegmental area in an animal model of mania induced by methamphetamine.

Background: Treatment of refractory bipolar disorder (BD) is extremely challenging. Deep brain stimulation (DBS) holds promise as an effective treatment intervention. However, we still understand very little about the mechanisms of DBS and its application on BD.

Enhancing user-centred educational design: Developing personas of mathematics school students.

Persona development techniques are a well-established method to create relatable descriptions of representatives of target users of digital systems. In the field of education, research on learner characteristics has yielded comprehensive results that can help advance educational approaches. Nonetheless, these results often remain abstract and distant for researchers and practitioners.

A systematic review of Pilomatrix carcinoma arising from the previous scar site of Pilomatrixoma.

Pilomatrix carcinoma is a rare tumor arising from the hair follicle matrix cells most commonly seen in the head and neck region. Also known as "calcified epithelial carcinoma of Melherbe," it was first reported in 1980 by Lopansri and Mihm. Since then till date to the best of our knowledge only around 125 cases were reported in literature, of which only 11 cases were reported to arise from histologically proven areas of previous pilomatrixoma which is the benign variant.

Prophylactic Drain Versus No Drain in Curative Gastric Cancer Surgery-A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: The adoption of enhanced recovery after surgery protocols has questioned the placement of prophylactic drain after curative gastrectomy. A 2015 Cochrane meta-analysis did not find convincing evidence of routine drain placement in gastrectomy, but the quality of evidence was questioned. The present study compared short-term outcomes of prophylactic drain placement versus no drain in gastrectomy.

Evolution of treatment in gastric cancer- a systematic review.

Multimodality is the standard of care in gastric cancer but surgery remains the mainstay of curative treatment. As we are heading towards a more conservative approach for functional preservation without compromising oncological outcomes in all malignancies, the guidelines keeps changing based on various studies.The extent of surgery used to vary between the east and west, with the east performing more radical surgery and the west more reliant on multimodality therapy.

Providing online STEM workshops in times of isolation.

The global spread of COVID-19 has resulted in learning and teaching being confronted with immense challenges and changes since spring 2020. Measures to contain the COVID-19 pandemic had and continue to have a particularly strong impact on non-formal and informal learning, which are important features of out-of-class on-line STEM workshops combining science, technology, engineering and mathematics. We developed and carried out online STEM workshops for approximately 250 students during times of isolation in the spring and summer of 2020.

The strengths and weaknesses of user-generated microgames for assisting learning.

Recent developments in educational technology have led to a renewed interest in the utilisation of user-generated microgames for facilitating learning. The advantages and disadvantages of microgames which have been voluntarily created, modified, shared and used by users on open learning platforms to support learning are not yet clearly understood. The present study explores the strengths and weaknesses of user-generated microgames for assisting learning followed with some recommendations for the development and effective use of microgames from elementary teacher perspectives.

Minimally invasive esophagectomy: Preservation of arch of Azygos vein in prone position.

Minimally invasive esophagectomy (MIE) for oesophageal cancer has gained wide popularity in recent years due to its improved morbidity and mortality outcomes. We describe our modified technique of MIE in prone position with preservation of the arch of azygos vein. In our experience with 14 patients, the mean operative duration was 378 min (standard deviation [SD] 378 ± 59 min) and the mean blood loss was 390 ml (SD 390 ± 142 ml).

Laparoscopic resection for low rectal cancer in a patient with horseshoe kidney - Technical considerations to prevent iatrogenic injuries.

Horseshoe kidney (HSK) is a rare congenital malformation of the kidneys and is commonly associated with other anomalies of the renovascular and ureteropelvic systems. These anomalies present a surgical challenge, especially for surgeries involving the retroperitoneum. We present the case of a 56-year-old male patient with biopsy-proven rectal cancer who had completed neoadjuvant chemoradiation and was planned for curative resection.

Controlling optical return loss in production silicon photonic metamaterial fiber couplers.

A cost-efficient and low-complexity optical input/output (I/O) packaging solution is a substantial challenge for volume production of photonic integrated circuits. To address this, metamaterial fiber couplers are an attractive solution for integrated photonic devices especially for optical I/O, interfacing standard optical fibers to photonic chips. They offer the advantages of refractive index engineering to achieve better mode match as well as higher fabrication tolerances.

Rapid Validation of Telepathology by an Academic Neuropathology Practice During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Context.—: The coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) pandemic is placing unparalleled burdens on regional and institutional resources in medical facilities across the globe. This disruption is causing unprecedented downstream effects to traditionally established channels of patient care delivery, including those of essential anatomic pathology services.

Service user involvement in teaching and learning: student nurse perspectives.

Background: Service user involvement in educating healthcare professionals in higher education can help student nurses develop a compassionate approach to care practice. This article explains one university's initiative, the Patient as Coach Team (PaCT), and presents evaluation results from phase 1. The PaCT strategy involved a service user-led session with student nurses, in small groups, sharing experiences of care from a service user perspective.

Improved pressurized Marinelli beaker measurements of radioactive xenon in air.

INL has shown that a Marinelli beaker geometry can be used for the measurement of radioactive xenon in air using an aluminum Marinelli. A carbon fiber Marinelli was designed and constructed to improve overall performance. This composite Marinelli can withstand sample pressures of 276bar and achieve approximately a 4x performance improvement in the minimum detectable concentrations (MDCs) and concentration uncertainties.

Evaluation of the student learning experience.

This article, the final in a series of 11, discusses the importance of evaluating the students' learning experience. Mentoring is integral to effective nursing care and professional development. It is important that mentors are able to establish whether they are effective in their role, including identifying their strengths and areas for improvement, and whether they are making a difference to the students' learning and contributing to the learning experience and assessment process.

Supporting students in practice: leadership.

This article, the tenth in a series of 11, discusses the importance of effective leadership in nursing and how it can enhance the provision of high quality care. Recent findings regarding suboptimal care practices in nursing have demonstrated the need for effective leadership in healthcare settings. Mentors and practice teachers are required to demonstrate leadership as part of their nursing role and their role in facilitating student learning.

Evidence-based practice: developing mentors to support students.

This article, the ninth in a series of 11, provides guidance for new and established mentors and practice teachers on evidence-based practice, the seventh domain of the Nursing and Midwifery Council's Standards to Support Learning and Assessment in Practice (SSLAP). Evidence-based practice is an important aspect of contemporary healthcare and is central to student preparation programmes for nursing, midwifery and specialist community public health nursing (SCPHN). The article describes evidence-based practice, discussing the importance and implementation of an evidence-based approach in the context of role development for mentors and practice teachers in the preparation of nursing, midwifery and SCPHN students.

Assessment and accountability: part 3 - sign-off mentors.

Assessment in clinical practice is a complex role undertaken by mentors and practice teachers. This article is the third of three articles about assessment in practice. Part one focused on the importance of assessment and identified assessment methods used in clinical practice, while part two discussed the importance of feedback and managing failing students.

Assessment and accountability: part 2 - managing failing students.

Assessment in clinical practice is a complex role undertaken by mentors and practice teachers. This article is the second of three articles about assessment in practice. Part one examined the importance of assessment and identified various assessment methods used in clinical practice.

Assessment and accountability: part 1 - assessment.

Assessment in clinical practice is a complex role undertaken by mentors and practice teachers. Therefore, this and the following two articles in this series will explore student assessment in clinical practice and the theoretical concepts that relate to assessment of learning and development. This article examines the importance of assessment and the role of mentors and practice teachers in this activity.

Facilitation of learning: part 2.

The previous article in this series of 11, Facilitation of learning: part 1, reviewed learning theories and how they relate to clinical practice. Developing an understanding of these theories is essential for mentors and practice teachers to enable them to deliver evidence-based learning support. This is important given that effective learning support is dependent on an educator who possesses knowledge of their specialist area as well as the relevent tools and methods to support learning.

Creating an environment for learning.

This article, the third in a series of 11, provides guidance to new and existing mentors and practice teachers to enable them to progress in their role and develop a portfolio of evidence that meets the Nursing and Midwifery Council's Standards to Support Learning and Assessment in Practice (SSLAP). The importance of developing a high quality practice placement is discussed in relation to the fifth domain of the SSLAP, 'creating an environment for learning'. The article provides learning activities and suggests ways in which mentors and practice teachers can undertake various self-assessments, enabling them to gather relevant evidence to demonstrate how they can meet and maintain the requirements of this domain.

Standards to support learning and assessment in practice.

This is the first article in a series of 11 that will offer guidance to new and existing mentors and practice teachers to enable them to develop in their role and help them to gather a portfolio of evidence that meets the Nursing and Midwifery Council's Standards to Support Learning and Assessment in Practice (SSLAP). This article provides background to the development of the standards and outlines the SSLAP, including the four main stages of the framework, the eight domains and outcomes, and the five principles required for the roles of mentor, sign-off mentor and practice teacher. The requirements for maintaining the mentor and practice teacher roles are explored.

Establishing effective working relationships.

This article, the second in a series of 11, provides support and offers advice to new and existing mentors and practice teachers to enable them to progress in their role and develop a portfolio of evidence. In particular, the article discusses how to establish effective working relationships and emphasises the importance of the student-mentor or student-practice teacher relationship. It examines the essential qualities, attributes and characteristics of an effective mentor or practice teacher.