Influence of cascade reservoirs on the distribution, transport, and retention patterns of biogenic elements in the Jinsha River.

Cascade reservoirs construction can greatly alter flow regime and sediment transport of rivers, further affecting migration and transformation processes of biogenic elements. The Jinsha River (JSR) is the China's largest hydropower base and the main runoff, sediment suspension, and nutrient source areas of the Yangtze River. However, the distribution, transport, and retention patterns of biogenic elements in the JSR are still unclear under the influence of cascade reservoirs.

Quantitative analysis of systemic perfusion and cerebral blood flow in the modeling of aging and orthostatic hypotension.

Orthostatic hypotension (OH) is common among the older population. The mechanism hypothesized by OH as a risk factor for cognitive decline and dementia is repeated transient cerebral blood flow deficiency. However, to our knowledge, quantitative evaluation of cardiac output and cerebral blood flow due to acute blood pressure changes resulting from postural changes is rare.

Determination of chlordimeform and its metabolite residue in milk by gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.

Herein, the determination of chlordimeform and its metabolite 4-chloro-2-methylaniline residue in milk was performed for the first time using gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS). Samples were extracted using acetonitrile, and cleaned using a quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe (QuEChERS) method. Separation was performed using the DB-17 MS column.

Determining nine fasciolicides and three metabolite residues in milk and infant formula using solid-phase extraction and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.

A new sensitive method of liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis for nine fasciolicides (closantel, rafoxanide, oxyclozanide, niclosamide, nitroxinil, ioxynil, 4-nitro-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenol, salicylanilide, and triclabendazole) and three metabolite residues (ketotriclabnedazole, triclabendazole sulfone, and triclabendazole sulfoxide) in milk and infant formula was established. The samples were extracted and purified through solid-phase extraction and analyzed using LC-MS/MS. The proposed method demonstrated high accuracy (the average recoveries ranged from 70.

Ultrasensitive optical fiber SPR sensor enhanced by Au-NPs-film modified with functionalized CQDs for label-free detecting cobalt (II) ion.

Background: Cobalt, an essential trace element, is vital for maintaining human nervous system function, aiding in DNA synthesis, and contributing to red blood cell production. It is helpful for disease diagnosis and treatment plan evaluation by precisely monitoring its concentration changes in the human body. Despite extensive efforts made, due to its ultra-low concentration, the current limit of detection (LOD) as reported is still inadequate and cannot be satisfied with the precise clinical applications.

Facile synthesis of hierarchical core-shell carbon@ZnInS composite for boosted photothermal-assisted photocatalytic H production.

Against the backdrop of energy shortage, hydrogen energy has attracted much attention as a green and clean energy source. In order to explore efficient hydrogen production pathways, we designed a composite photocatalyst with carbon-based core-shell photothermal-assisted photocatalytic system (Carbon@ZnInS, denoted as C@ZIS). The well-designed catalyst C@ZIS composites demonstrated a photocatalytic hydrogen precipitation rate of 2.

Spatial-Temporal Graph Enhanced DETR Towards Multi-Frame 3D Object Detection.

The Detection Transformer (DETR) has revolutionized the design of CNN-based object detection systems, showcasing impressive performance. However, its potential in the domain of multi-frame 3D object detection remains largely unexplored. In this paper, we present STEMD, a novel end-to-end framework that enhances the DETR-like paradigm for multi-frame 3D object detection by addressing three key aspects specifically tailored for this task.

Novel Zn(II)Cys Transcription Factor BcFtg1 Enhances the Virulence of the Gray Mold Fungus by Promoting Organic Acid Secretion and Carbon Source Utilization.

The Zn(II)Cys zinc cluster protein family comprises a subclass of zinc-finger proteins that serve as transcriptional regulators involved in a diverse array of fugal biological processes. However, the roles and mechanisms of the Zn(II)Cys transcription factors in mediating , a necrotrophic fungus that causes gray mold in over 1000 plant species, development and virulence remain obscure. Here, we demonstrate that a novel pathogenicity-associated factor (ungal ranscription factor containing the AL4 domain), identified from a virulence-attenuated mutant M20162 from a T-DNA insertion mutant library, plays an important role in oxalic acid (OA) secretion, carbon source absorption and cell wall integrity.

A tumour-associated macrophage-based signature for deciphering prognosis and immunotherapy response in prostate cancer.

For the multistage progression of prostate cancer (PCa) and resistance to immunotherapy, tumour-associated macrophage is an essential contributor. Although immunotherapy is an important and promising treatment modality for cancer, most patients with PCa are not responsive towards it. In addition to exploring new therapeutic targets, it is imperative to identify highly immunotherapy-sensitive individuals.

Analysis of 1782 Pediatric Hoarseness Cases: A Clinical Retrospect Study.

Objective: This study aims to clarify the clinical characteristics of pediatric voice disorders.

Methods: The clinical data of 1782 pediatric patients presenting with voice disorders were retrospectively analyzed. These cases were categorized into four age-based cohorts: 0-3, 4-7, 8-11, and 12-15years.

Amplification of autoimmune organ damage by NKp46-activated ILC1s.

In systemic lupus erythematosus, loss of immune tolerance, autoantibody production and immune complex deposition are required but not sufficient for organ damage. How inflammatory signals are initiated and amplified in the setting of autoimmunity remains elusive. Here we set out to dissect layers and hierarchies of autoimmune kidney inflammation to identify tissue-specific cellular hubs that amplify autoinflammatory responses.

The role and mechanism of AMPK in pulmonary hypertension.

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a chronic progressive disease with high mortality. There has been more and more research focusing on the role of AMPK in PH. AMPK consists of three subunits-α, β, and γ.

Adipocytes promote metastasis of breast cancer by attenuating the FOXO1 effects and regulating copper homeostasis.

Background: Obesity and the forkhead box O1(FOXO1) affect the survival of breast cancer patients, but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. We aimed to investigate the role of FOXO1 in obesity-associated-breast cancer.

Methods: We screened 383 breast disease patients from the first affiliated hospital with Nanjing Medical University in 2020.

Insights into the activation mechanism of Bm-CPA: Implications for insect molting regulation.

Carboxypeptidase A has been found across various animal species, yet its activation mechanism during the insect molting process remains elusive. Our study specifically delved into the activation mechanism of carboxypeptidase A (Bm-CPA), identified in Bombyx mori's molting fluid during metamorphosis. Initially, western blotting identified two forms of Bm-CPA, 65 kDa and 54 kDa, in the epidermis of silkworms during the molting stage.

Preparation of functionalized porous chitin carbon to enhance the HO production and Fe reduction properties of Electro-Fenton cathodes for efficient degradation of RhB.

The performance of Electro-Fenton (EF) cathode materials is primarily assessed by HO yield and Fe reduction efficiency. This study explores the impact of pore structure in chitin-based porous carbon on EF cathode effectiveness. We fabricated mesoporous carbon (CPC-700-2) and microporous carbon (ZPC-700-3) using template and activation methods, retaining nitrogen from the precursors.

Local Dipole Modulation Toward High Fill Factor in Organic Solar Cells.

Dipole moment arrangement in organic semiconductors plays a critical role in affecting the intermolecular packing, determining optoelectronic properties and device performance. Here, to get the desired fill factor (FF) values in organic solar cells (OSCs), the local dipole of non-fullerene acceptors (NFAs) is modulated by changing the molecular asymmetries. Two NFAs, AA-1 and AA-2 are designed and synthesized, which have different substitutions of alkyl and alkoxyl groups.

Lateral habenula IL-10 controls GABA receptor trafficking and modulates depression susceptibility after maternal separation.

Maternal separation (MS), a form of early life adversity, increases the risk of psychiatric disorders in adulthood by intricately linking cytokines and mood-regulating brain circuits. The Lateral Habenula (LHb) encodes aversive experiences, contributes to negative moods, and is pivotal in depression development. However, the precise impact of MS on LHb cytokine signaling and synaptic plasticity remains unclear.

Intramolecular chalcogen bonding activated SuFEx click chemistry for efficient organic-inorganic linking.

SuFEx click chemistry demonstrates remarkable molecular assembly capabilities. However, the effective utilization of alkyl sulfonyl fluoride hubs in SuFEx chemistry, particularly in reactions with alcohols and primary amines, presents considerable challenges. This study pioneers an intramolecular chalcogen bonding activated SuFEx (S-SuFEx) click chemistry employing alkyl sulfonyl fluorides with γ-S as the activating group.

Optimization and Modelling of the Physical and Mechanical Properties of Grass Fiber Reinforced with Slag-Based Composites Using Response Surface Methodology.

The construction industry's high energy consumption and carbon emissions negatively impact the ecological environment; large-scale construction projects consume much energy and emit a significant amount of CO into the atmosphere. Statistics show that 30% of energy loss and 40% of solid waste in the construction industry are generated during construction. Therefore, reducing emissions during construction has significant research potential and value.