Change of tear lipid mediators in a post-trabeculectomy cohort.

Purpose: Trabeculectomy surgery could affect ocular surface disease (OSD) in several ways, through cessation of long term glaucoma eyedrops, exposure to operative mitomycin C and post-operative eyedrops including corticosteroids and aminoglycosides and reduction in eyelid hygiene measures. Previously we showed the relevance of tear lipid mediators (also referred oxylipins) in OSD. Here, we aim to evaluate changes of these lipids in a post-trabeculectomy cohort.

Altered expression level of inflammation-related genes and long-term changes in ocular surface after trabeculectomy, a prospective cohort study.

Purpose: We aim to evaluate changes in the ocular surface in a cohort of post-trabeculectomy patients and whether these were associated with conjunctival inflammatory gene expression.

Methods: This is a single-arm interventional cohort performed in a tertiary referral center. These were assessed: dry eye symptom questionnaire, tear osmolarity, Schirmer's test, non-invasive tear break up time (BUT), conjunctival redness and corneal fluorescein staining evaluation.

Tubeimoside I attenuates inflammation and oxidative damage in a mice model of PM-induced pulmonary injury.

In the present study, the effects of tubeimoside I (TBMS1) on particulate matter <2.5 µm in diameter (PM)-induced pulmonary injury and its mechanisms of action were investigated. Male BALB/c mice were randomly assigned into five groups (n=10/group): Control, PM, PM + TBMS1 45 mg/kg, PM + TBMS1 90 mg/kg and PM + TBMS1 180 mg/kg.

Normal anatomic relationships in prepubescent female external genitalia.

Objective: Female congenital abnormalities and concomitant ambiguous genitalia constitute the primary reason for female genital reconstruction, however, objective data describing normal female anatomy is lacking. The aim of this study is to describe the normal anatomical relationships and size of the external genital structures in prepubescent females.

Materials And Methods: Data were collected prospectively from consecutive Tanner stage 1 females undergoing surgery unrelated to the genitalia.

Aberrant DNA methylation of matrix remodeling and cell adhesion related genes in pterygium.

Background: Pterygium is a common ocular surface disease characterized by abnormal epithelial and fibrovascular proliferation, invasion, and matrix remodeling. This lesion, which migrates from the periphery to the center of the cornea, impairs vision and causes considerable irritation. The mechanism of pterygium formation remains ambiguous, and current treatment is solely surgical excision, with a significant risk of recurrence after surgery.

The effect of short-term dutasteride intake in early-stage prostate cancer: analysis of 148 patients who underwent three-dimensional prostate mapping biopsy.

Objectives: The effect of dutasteride on existing prostate cancer volume is largely unknown. In this study, we assessed the impact of dutasteride on tumor burden and Gleason score.

Methods: A retrospective review of patients from our institution was performed, examining men interested in surveillance for prostate cancer, who underwent transperineal three-dimensional mapping (TP-3DM) biopsy within 3-6 months after their initial cancer diagnosis.

The role of LHRH antagonists in the treatment of prostate cancer.

For patients with advanced prostate cancer, luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) agonists have provided successful androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) for some 25 years. However, the benefits of LHRH agonists are limited in that these agents are agonists, not antagonists. The search for and development of an effective LHRH antagonist have proven difficult.

Targeted focal therapy for prostate cancer: a review.

Purpose Of Review: Prostate cancer screening has shifted the diagnosis of prostate cancer to lower grade, organ confined disease. Radical prostatectomy or radiation therapy has been shown to be overtreatment in 30% of patients. In this review, we will discuss targeted focal therapy (TFT) using the modalities of cryotherapy or high intensity focused ultrasound as an alternate treatment for low-risk prostate cancers.

Modalities for imaging of prostate cancer.

Prostate cancer is the second most common cause of cancer deaths among males in the United States. Prostate screening by digital rectal examination and prostate-specific antigen has shifted the diagnosis of prostate cancer to lower grade, organ confined disease, adding to overdetection and overtreatment of prostate cancer. The new challenge is in differentiating clinically relevant tumors from ones that may otherwise never have become evident if not for screening.