Blood biomarkers representing maternal-fetal interface tissues used to predict early-and late-onset preeclampsia but not COVID-19 infection.

Background: A well-known blood biomarker (soluble fms-like tyrosinase-1 [sFLT-1]) for preeclampsia, i.e., a pregnancy disorder, was found to predict severe COVID-19, including in males.

Canagliflozin Prevents Diabetes-Induced Vascular Dysfunction in ApoE-Deficient Mice.

Aim: Recent studies have demonstrated that selective sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2is) reduce cardiovascular events, although their mechanism remains obscure. We examined the effect of canagliflozin, an SGLT2i, on atherogenesis and investigated its underlying mechanism.

Method: Canagliflozin (30 mg/kg/day) was administered by gavage to streptozotocin-induced diabetic apolipoprotein E-deficient (ApoE) mice.

Thrombin inhibition by dabigatran attenuates endothelial dysfunction in diabetic mice.

Diabetic patients have coagulation abnormalities, in which thrombin plays a key role. Whereas accumulating evidence suggests that it also contributes to the development of vascular dysfunction through the activation of protease-activated receptors (PARs). Here we investigated whether the blockade of thrombin attenuates endothelial dysfunction in diabetic mice.

Ticagrelor, a P2Y12 antagonist, attenuates vascular dysfunction and inhibits atherogenesis in apolipoprotein-E-deficient mice.

Background And Aims: Ticagrelor reduces cardiovascular events in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Recent studies demonstrated the expression of P2Y12 on vascular cells including endothelial cells, as well as platelets, and suggested its contribution to atherogenesis. We investigated whether ticagrelor attenuates vascular dysfunction and inhibits atherogenesis in apolipoprotein E-deficient (apoe) mice.

Predictors for the Treatment Effect of Sodium Glucose Co-transporter 2 Inhibitors in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

Introduction: Predictors for the effect of sodium glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors at lowering hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients remain unclear. We therefore aimed to elucidate these predictors in type 2 diabetes patients after 3 months of SGLT2 treatment.

Methods: A total of 302 consecutive type 2 diabetes patients who had been treated with SGLT2 inhibitors as monotherapy or add-on therapy to existing antidiabetic treatments were enrolled retrospectively.

Canagliflozin reduces epicardial fat in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Background: It is unknown whether canagliflozin, a selective sodium glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitor, reduces epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) thickness, which is associated with insulin resistance and is a risk factor for coronary artery disease.

Methods And Results: We administered 100 mg of canagliflozin for 6 months to 13 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. We evaluated glycemic control, visceral adipose tissue (VAT) area and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) area, and skeletal muscle mass by using impedance methods, and EAT thickness by using echocardiography.

Gender-linked impact of epicardial adipose tissue volume in patients who underwent coronary artery bypass graft surgery or non-coronary valve surgery.

Background: Traditional and non-traditional risk factors for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) are different between men and women. Gender-linked impact of epicardial adipose tissue volume (EATV) in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) remains unknown.

Methods: Gender-linked impact of EATV, abdominal fat distribution and other traditional ASCVD risk factors were compared in 172 patients (men: 115; women: 57) who underwent CABG or non-coronary valvular surgery (non-CABG).

Teneligliptin, a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor, attenuated pro-inflammatory phenotype of perivascular adipose tissue and inhibited atherogenesis in normoglycemic apolipoprotein-E-deficient mice.

Background: Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors have various cellular effects that are associated with vascular protection. Here, we examined whether teneligliptin alters the pro-inflammatory phenotype of perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) and inhibits atherogenesis.

Methods And Results: Teneligliptin (60mg/kg/day) was administered orally to apolipoprotein-E-deficient (ApoE) mice for 20weeks.

Glycemic Control with Ipragliflozin, a Novel Selective SGLT2 Inhibitor, Ameliorated Endothelial Dysfunction in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Mouse.

Background: Endothelial dysfunction caused by increased oxidative stress is a critical initiator of macro- and micro-vascular disease development in diabetic patients. Ipragliflozin, a selective sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor, offers a novel approach for the treatment of diabetes by enhancing urinary glucose excretion. The aim of this study was to examine whether ipragliflozin attenuates endothelial dysfunction in diabetic mice.

Predictive Factors for Efficacy of Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Inhibitors in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

Background: Predictive factors for the efficacy of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors for lowering glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) remain unclear in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The aim of this study is therefore to clarify predictive factors of the efficacy of DPP-4 inhibitors for lowering HbA1c after 12 months of treatment.

Methods: A total of 191 consecutive type 2 diabetic patients (male sex 55%, mean age, 68.

Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor, linagliptin, ameliorates endothelial dysfunction and atherogenesis in normoglycemic apolipoprotein-E deficient mice.

Background: Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors have vasoprotective effects. This study investigated whether a recently approved DPP-4 inhibitor, linagliptin (Lina), suppresses atherogenesis in non-diabetic apolipoprotein-E deficient (ApoE(-/-)) mice, and examined its effects on endothelial function.

Methods And Results: Lina (10mg/kg/day) was administered orally to ApoE(-/-) mice for 20 weeks.