Field-Testing Multiple-Choice Questions With AI Examinees: English Grammar Items.

Field-testing is an essential yet often resource-intensive step in the development of high-quality educational assessments. I introduce an innovative method for field-testing newly written exam items by substituting human examinees with artificially intelligent (AI) examinees. The proposed approach is demonstrated using 466 four-option multiple-choice English grammar questions.

Meaningful use of COMSAE Phase 1 in preparation for COMLEX-USA Level 1.

Context: The Comprehensive Osteopathic Medical Licensing Examination of the United States (COMLEX-USA) is a three level national standardized licensure examination for the practice of osteopathic medicine. The Comprehensive Medical Self Assessment Examination (COMSAE) is a three phase self assessment tool designed to gauge the base knowledge and ability of candidates preparing for COMLEX-USA.

Objectives: To investigate how COMSAE Phase 1 (Phase 1) was used by candidates and how completing Phase 1 impacted their performance on the COMLEX-USA Level 1 (Level 1) examination.

Acceptance and Feasibility of Seated Elliptical Pedaling to Replace Sedentary Behavior in Older Adults.

Unlabelled: The purpose of this study was to explore the feasibility and acceptability of a seated pedaling device to reduce sedentary behavior (SB) in the homes of older adults.

Methods: Each participant (N = 20) was outfitted with an activity monitor and seated pedaling device in the home for 7 days and randomly assigned to one of four light-intensity pedaling groups (15, 30, 45, and 60 min/day).

Results: There was 100% adherence in all groups and significant group differences in the minutes pedaled per day (p < .

Do Stand-Biased Desks in the Classroom Change School-Time Activity and Sedentary Behavior?

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of stand-biased desks on the physical activity and sedentary behavior of third, fourth and sixth grade students across the school year. : This within classroom crossover design study used teacher-determined allocation for seating within each classroom. Half of the students used a stand-biased desk and half used a sitting desk.

Pattern Analysis of Sedentary Behavior Change after a Walking Intervention.

Objectives: We examined the pattern of change in sedentary behavior (SB) resulting from a physical activity (PA) intervention in older adults, and the influence of sex on changes in SB.

Methods: One hundred twenty (N = 120) inactive older adults from 2 12-week step/day-target interventions were included in this pooled reanalysis. Participants were randomly assigned to an intervention (STEP) or control group (CON).

Efficacy of an Individually Tailored, Internet-Mediated Physical Activity Intervention in Older Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Objective: This study determined the effectiveness of an individually tailored, Internet-mediated physical activity (PA) intervention for increasing walking behavior in inactive older adults.

Method: This 12-week randomly controlled intervention divided participants ( N = 170) into three groups: control (CON, n = 51), pedometer only (PED, n = 62), and an individually tailored, Internet-mediated pedometer (TI-PED, n = 57) group. The PED group was instructed to increase weekly step count by 10% until 10,000 steps per day was achieved.

Development and evaluation of the Internalized Racism in Asian Americans Scale (IRAAS).

This article presents the development and psychometric evaluation of the Internalized Racism in Asian Americans Scale (IRAAS), which was designed to measure the degree to which Asian Americans internalized hostile attitudes and negative messages targeted toward their racial identity. Items were developed on basis of prior literature, vetted through expert feedback and cognitive interviews, and administered to 655 Asian American participants through Amazon Mechanical Turk. Exploratory factor analysis with a random subsample (n = 324) yielded a psychometrically robust preliminary measurement model consisting of 3 factors: Self-Negativity, Weakness Stereotypes, and Appearance Bias.

Increasing the Energy Expenditure of Seated Activities in Older Adults with a Portable Elliptical Device.

Background: The ill-health effects of sedentary behavior are becoming well-documented, yet older adults spend 70-80% of waking hours sedentary.

Purpose: To determine if a portable elliptical device increases energy expenditure (EE) while performing popular seated activities.

Methods: Twenty older adults (68.

The Effects of a Lifetime Physical Fitness (LPF) Course on College Students' Health Behaviors.

The purpose of this study was to examine motivational constructs and the effect of physical activity engagement on health behaviors in college students who were required to take a 15-week lifetime physical fitness (LPF) course for graduation. A total of fifty-eight first and second year college students aged between 17 and 23 years (=18.72; =1.

EFFECTS OF LISTENING TO PREFERENTIAL MUSIC ON SEX DIFFERENCES IN ENDURANCE RUNNING PERFORMANCE.

Music is a common accompaniment to exercise, but some running environments do not allow for personalized control over the music stimulus. The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of listening to preferred versus non-preferred music on sex differences in running performance. The sample consisted of 20 women and 15 men (M = 20.

Prompts to disrupt sitting time and increase physical activity at work, 2011-2012.

Introduction: The objective of this study was to assess change in sitting and physical activity behavior in response to a workplace intervention to disrupt prolonged sitting time.

Methods: Sixty office workers were randomized to either a Stand group (n = 29), which received hourly prompts (computer-based and wrist-worn) to stand up, or a Step group (n = 31), which received the same hourly prompts and an additional prompt to walk 100 steps or more upon standing. An ActivPAL monitor was used to assess sitting and physical activity behavior on the same 3 consecutive workdays during baseline and intervention periods.

Feasibility of retrofitting a university library with active workstations to reduce sedentary behavior.

Background: Libraries are an inherently sedentary environment, but are an understudied setting for sedentary behavior interventions.

Purpose: To investigate the feasibility of incorporating portable pedal machines in a university library to reduce sedentary behaviors.

Methods: The 11-week intervention targeted students at a university library.

Self-determined Engagement in Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviors of US College Students.

Although the importance of promoting physical activity is well established, researchers have recently considered "sedentary behaviors" as another key risk factor for chronic disease. However, little is known about the motivational processes regulating sedentary behavior on a daily basis. A substantial amount of research has been based on the self-determination theory to examine the motivational processes regulating physical activity behaviors.