Adolescent Substance Use at the Intersection of Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity.

Background: Substance use in adolescence is associated with multiple negative outcomes. Lesbian, gay, or bisexual or transgender or nonbinary (TNB) youth, and those who question their sexual orientation or gender, are more likely to engage in substance use than straight or cisgender youth. However, the extant literature largely considers sexual orientation and gender identity independently.

Meat consumption & positive mental health: A scoping review.

The objective of this scoping review was to examine the breadth of the existing literature on the relation between meat consumption or meat abstention and positive psychological functioning. In April 2022, we conducted a systematic search of online databases (PubMed, PsycINFO, CINAHL Plus, Medline, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science) for primary research examining positive psychological functioning in meat consumers and those who abstain from meat. Thirteen studies met the inclusion/exclusion criteria, representing 89,138 participants (54,413 females and 33,863 males) with 78,562 meat consumers and 10,148 meat abstainers (13-102 years) from multiple geographic regions.

No Kākou, Na Kākou - For Us, By Us: Native Hawaiians and Pacific Islanders Informing Race Data Collection Standards for Hawai'i.

This article describes recommendations for standardized race data collection developed by the Hawai'i Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander COVID-19 Response, Recovery, and Resilience Team (NHPI 3R Team). These recommendations attempt to address the expressed desires of Native Hawaiians and the diverse Pacific Islander communities in Hawai'i who seek greater visibility in data and research. The Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander (NHPI) racial category is 1 of the 5 racial categories listed in the 1997 Statistical Policy Directive #15 issued by the Office of Management and Budget (OMB).

"We Are Doing the Absolute Most That We Can, and No One Is Listening": Barriers and Facilitators to Health Literacy within Transgender and Nonbinary Communities.

Transgender and nonbinary (TNB) individuals face disparities in nearly every aspect of health. One factor associated with poor health outcomes in other marginalized populations is health literacy, yet no identified studies examine health literacy in TNB samples. Moreover, most health literacy frameworks focus primarily on the capacities of individual patients to understand and use healthcare information, with little attention given to provider literacy and environmental factors.

Alcohol use at the intersection of sexual orientation and gender identity in a representative sample of youth in Colorado.

Background And Objectives: Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and questioning (LGBQ) youth are at greater risk of problematic alcohol use than their heterosexual peers, yet there is a dearth of research examining variability in alcohol use among youth that simultaneously accounts for sexual orientation and gender identity. This paper examines the relationship between alcohol use and intersecting identities of sexual orientation and gender while accounting for this population's disproportionate experiences of depression and dating and sexual violence.

Methods: The study used a representative sample (n = 27,621) of high school students.

Much Needed Medicine: A Qualitative Study of Hawai'i Resident Views During COVID-19.

The precarious financial status of the majority of Hawai'i residents coupled with the state's heavy reliance on tourism suggests that residents are particularly vulnerable to increased economic hardship resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic, which temporarily shut down the tourism industry and continues to erect barriers for resuming operations. Understanding how Hawai'i residents prioritize access to health care, food economics, care of 'āina, and culturally informed community in light of the current and future economic situation can inform policy actions that will support public health. To that end, this paper analyzes: (1) Hawai'i residents' views on health, specifically food security and healthcare, and their priorities for the future of these areas; (2) the differences between Native Hawaiian and non-Native Hawaiian views and priorities; and (3) the differences in views and priorities between families with higher and lower levels of economic stability.

Closing the Gap: Increasing Community Mental Health Services in Rural Indiana.

Due to the significant need for mental health services in rural Martin County, IN and lack of providers, this study examined the current strengths of the community as well as the barriers preventing mental health service delivery. The goal of the study was to propose community-specific solutions to overcoming the barriers. Using a strengths-based approach (Saleeby in The strengths perspective in social work practice, Longman, White Plains, NY, 1992), the authors first sought to understand Martin County residents' current experiences with mental health services.

IIAM (important information about me): a patient portability profile app for adults, children and families with neurodevelopmental disabilities.

Purpose: To describe the development of important information about me (IIAM), an application (app) used to communicate and organize healthcare information for people with neurodevelopmental disabilities (NDD).

Methods: Prior to the development of IIAM version 1.0, households with NDD were selected to participate in a focus group.

The RNA-binding protein HuR regulates GATA3 mRNA stability in human breast cancer cell lines.

Meta-analyses of microarray data indicate that GATA3 is co-expressed with estrogen receptor alpha (ER) in breast cancer cells. While the significance of this remains unclear, it is thought that GATA3 may serve as a prognostic indicator in breast tumors and may play a role in ER signaling. Recently, reciprocal regulation of GATA3 and ER transcription was demonstrated, suggesting that control of their expression is intertwined.

Timing is everything: order of administration of 5-aza 2' deoxycytidine, trichostatin A and tamoxifen changes estrogen receptor mRNA expression and cell sensitivity.

Restoration of estrogen receptor (ER) expression using epigenetic inhibitors re-establishes expression of the estrogen receptor (ER) and restores tamoxifen sensitivity in ER negative breast cancer cells. We tested if order of administration of the DNMT (5-aza 2' deoxycytidine/AZA) or HDAC (trichostatin A/TSA) inhibitors and tamoxifen affected ER re-expression and tamoxifen sensitivity. Treatment with AZA followed by co-administration of TSA plus tamoxifen resulted in the greatest ER re-expression and tamoxifen sensitivity, although sensitivity was not increased as robustly as expected.

Cytoplasmic accumulation of the RNA binding protein HuR is central to tamoxifen resistance in estrogen receptor positive breast cancer cells.

With prolonged exposure, a majority of estrogen receptor positive cancers develop resistance to tamoxifen and subsequent therapies including selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) and aromatase inhibitors (AIs). While much is known about overexpression of key growth promoting receptors including EGF, erbB2/Her2 and IGF receptors and subsequent activation of MAPK signaling associated with resistance, the underlying mechanism in the development of resistance still remains unknown. We found that inhibition of JNK, a member of the MAPK family, decreases cytoplasmic accumulation of the RNA binding protein HuR.

Zebrafish mutations affecting cilia motility share similar cystic phenotypes and suggest a mechanism of cyst formation that differs from pkd2 morphants.

Zebrafish are an attractive model for studying the earliest cellular defects occurring during renal cyst formation because its kidney (the pronephros) is simple and genes that cause cystic kidney diseases (CKD) in humans, cause pronephric dilations in zebrafish. By comparing phenotypes in three different mutants, locke, swt and kurly, we find that dilations occur prior to 48 hpf in the medial tubules, a location similar to where cysts form in some mammalian diseases. We demonstrate that the first observable phenotypes associated with dilation include cilia motility and luminal remodeling defects.

Zebrafish pronephros: a model for understanding cystic kidney disease.

The embryonic kidney of the zebrafish is the pronephros. The ease of genetic analysis and experimentation in zebrafish, coupled with the simplicity of the pronephros, make the zebrafish an ideal model system for studying kidney development and function. Several mutations have been isolated in zebrafish genetic screens that result in cyst formation in the pronephros.

Use of high-frequency jet ventilation to prevent aspiration in a patient with an uncuffed tracheostomy tube.

We report the use of high-frequency jet ventilation (HFJV) in a patient with an uncuffed tracheostomy tube who had significant pulmonary aspiration of upper-airway secretions. Respiratory secretions decreased during HFJV, indicating that the patient was no longer aspirating. Despite a continuous flow of gas out of the patient's nose and mouth, arterial blood gases remained within acceptable limits.

Multiple variable motivators involved in the recruitment of physicians for the Indian Health Service.

Attracting physicians to serve in isolated areas, often with marginal facilities, support staff, and remuneration, has long been a problem of the Indian Health Service (IHS). Until recently the physician draft was instrumental in motivating physicians to accept such assignments. Realizing that this "negative incentive" would no longer operate when the draft ended as of July 1, 1973, in the fall of 1972 the IHS staff launched some major "positive" efforts to recruit physicians.