F@#k Pain! The Effect of Taboo Language and Gesture on the Experience of Pain.

Swearing has been shown to reduce the experience of pain in a cold pressor task, and the effect has been suggested to be due to state aggression. In the present experiment, we examined whether producing a taboo gesture (i.e.

Learning From Gesture and Action: An Investigation of Memory for Where Objects Went and How They Got There.

Speakers often use gesture to demonstrate how to perform actions-for example, they might show how to open the top of a jar by making a twisting motion above the jar. Yet it is unclear whether listeners learn as much from seeing such gestures as they learn from seeing actions that physically change the position of objects (i.e.

Reaching for the high note: judgments of auditory pitch are affected by kinesthetic position.

Auditory pitch is represented on a vertical continuum (e.g., high vs.

The role of gesture as simulated action in reinterpretation of mental imagery.

In two experiments, we examined the role of gesture in reinterpreting a mental image. In Experiment 1, we found that participants gestured more about a figure they had learned through manual exploration than about a figure they had learned through vision. This supports claims that gestures emerge from the activation of perception-relevant actions during mental imagery.

Does gesture strengthen sensorimotor knowledge of objects? The case of the size-weight illusion.

Co-speech gestures have been proposed to strengthen sensorimotor knowledge related to objects' weight and manipulability. This pre-registered study (https://www.osf.

Gesture as simulated action: Revisiting the framework.

The Gesture as Simulated Action (GSA) framework was proposed to explain how gestures arise from embodied simulations of the motor and perceptual states that occur during speaking and thinking (Hostetter & Alibali, Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 15, 495-514, 2008). In this review, we revisit the framework's six main predictions regarding gesture rates, gesture form, and the cognitive cost of inhibiting gesture. We find that the available evidence largely supports the main predictions of the framework.

The role of retrieval practice in memory and analogical problem-solving.

Retrieval practice (e.g., testing) has been shown to facilitate long-term retention of information.

Prenatal Psychostimulant and Antidepressant Exposure and Risk of Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy.

Objective: To investigate the association, if any, of prenatal mental illness and psychotropic exposure with the risk of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP).

Methods: A case-cohort analysis was conducted of 686 pregnant women participating in prospective, longitudinal observational studies in a tertiary referral center between January 1998 and May 2012. Risk estimates were produced using multivariate logistic regression modeling.

Gesture-speech integration in children with specific language impairment.

Background: Previous research suggests that speakers are especially likely to produce manual communicative gestures when they have relative ease in thinking about the spatial elements of what they are describing, paired with relative difficulty organizing those elements into appropriate spoken language. Children with specific language impairment (SLI) exhibit poor expressive language abilities together with within-normal-range nonverbal IQs.

Aims: This study investigated whether weak spoken language abilities in children with SLI influence their reliance on gestures to express information.

Action attenuates the effect of visibility on gesture rates.

Much evidence suggests that semantic characteristics of a message (e.g., the extent to which the message evokes thoughts of spatial or motor properties) and social characteristics of a speaking situation (e.

A 16-year prospective study of prodromal features prior to BPI onset in well Amish children.

Background: Longitudinal research of well Amish children over 16 years to identify the pattern and frequency of prodromal symptoms/behaviors associated with onset of BPI disorder during childhood or adolescence.

Methods: Parental informants were interviewed annually using structured and semi-structured interviews to record medical, developmental and behavioral/symptomatic data for their children in two samples. The bipolar sample had 115 children with a BPI parent.

Binding of kinetically inert metal ions to RNA: the case of platinum(II).

In this chapter several aspects of Pt(II) are highlighted that focus on the properties of Pt(II)-RNA adducts and the possibility that they influence RNA-based processes in cells. Cellular distribution of Pt(II) complexes results in significant platination of RNA, and localization studies find Pt(II) in the nucleus, nucleolus, and a distribution of other sites in cells. Treatment with Pt(II) compounds disrupts RNA-based processes including enzymatic processing, splicing, and translation, and this disruption may be indicative of structural changes to RNA or RNA-protein complexes.

RNA-Pt adducts following cisplatin treatment of Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

The numerous regulatory roles of cellular RNAs suggest novel potential drug targets, but establishing intracellular drug-RNA interactions is challenging. Cisplatin (cis-diamminedichloridoplatinum(II)) is a leading anticancer drug that forms exchange-inert complexes with nucleic acids, allowing its distribution on cellular RNAs to be followed ex vivo. Although Pt adduct formation on DNA is well-known, a complete characterization of cellular RNA-Pt adducts has not been performed.

Ru binding to RNA following treatment with the antimetastatic prodrug NAMI-A in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and in vitro.

[ImH][trans-Ru(III)Cl(4)(DMSO)(Im)] (where DMSO is dimethyl sulfoxide and Im is imidazole) (NAMI-A) is an antimetastatic prodrug currently in phase II clinical trials. The mechanisms of action of this and related Ru-based anticancer agents are not well understood, but several cellular targets have been suggested. Although Ru has been observed to bind to DNA following in vitro NAMI-A exposure, little is known about Ru-DNA interactions in vivo and even less is known about how this or related metallodrugs might influence cellular RNA.

When do gestures communicate? A meta-analysis.

Do the gestures that speakers produce while talking significantly benefit listeners' comprehension of the message? This question has been the topic of many research studies over the previous 35 years, and there has been little consensus. The present meta-analysis examined the effect sizes from 63 samples in which listeners' understanding of a message was compared when speech was presented alone with when speech was presented with gestures. It was found that across samples, gestures do provide a significant, moderate benefit to communication.

Rapid cross-linking of an RNA internal loop by the anticancer drug cisplatin.

Cisplatin is the most prominent member of a series of platinum(II) antitumor drugs that demonstrate activity based on binding to adjacent purines on genomic DNA. The interactions between cisplatin and alternate biomolecules, including chemically similar RNA, are less understood than are those for DNA. In order to investigate potential implications of platinum(II) drug binding to a structurally complex RNA, we have characterized the reaction between cisplatin and the internal loop of a 41-nucleotide subdomain derived from the U2:U6 spliceosomal RNAs.

Insertion (12;9)(p13;q34q34): a cryptic rearrangement involving ABL1/ETV6 fusion in a patient with Philadelphia-negative chronic myeloid leukemia.

We report a rare cryptic ins(12;9)(p13;q34q34), a chromosomal abnormality involving the ABL1 (9q34) and the ETV6 (alias TEL; 12p13) genes, detectable only by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), in a patient with Philadelphia-negative chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). Using reverse 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole banding on metaphase cells, FISH analysis with BCR/ABL dual-fusion and ETV6 break-apart probes showed that a third ABL signal was inserted into 12p, splitting the ETV6 signal into two adjacent signals. CML patients with an ABL1/ETV6 fusion historically have demonstrated a variable and sometimes transient response to treatment with imatinib mesylate, which was also the case in the present patient.

Gesture-speech integration in narrative: Are children less redundant than adults?

Speakers sometimes express information in gestures that they do not express in speech. In this research, we developed a system that could be used to assess the redundancy of gesture and speech in a narrative task. We then applied this system to examine whether children and adults produce non-redundant gesture-speech combinations at similar rates.

Visible embodiment: gestures as simulated action.

Spontaneous gestures that accompany speech are related to both verbal and spatial processes. We argue that gestures emerge from perceptual and motor simulations that underlie embodied language and mental imagery. We first review current thinking about embodied cognition, embodied language, and embodied mental imagery.

Now you see me, now you don't: evidence that chimpanzees understand the role of the eyes in attention.

Chimpanzees appear to understand something about the attentional states of others; in the present experiment, we investigated whether they understand that the attentional state of a human is based on eye gaze. In all, 116 adult chimpanzees were offered food by an experimenter who engaged in one of the four experimental manipulations: eyes closed, eyes open, hand over eyes, and hand over mouth. The communicative behavior of the chimpanzees was observed.

A 10-year prospective study of prodromal patterns for bipolar disorder among Amish youth.

Objective: Prospective study of well children at risk of bipolarity to identify the frequency and pattern of potentially prodromal symptoms/behaviors for bipolar disorder type I (BPI) disorder.

Method: A total of 110 at-risk children with a BPI parent and 112 children with well parents were studied. Ten-year data collection used structured and semistructured annual interviews covering developmental, medical, and behavioral features.

Grip preference, dermatoglyphics, and hand use in captive chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes).

This paper examined the association between grip type, hand use, and fingerprint patterns in a sample of captive chimpanzees. Grip type for simple reaching was assessed for the left and right hand and classified as thumb-index, middle-index, or single-digit responses. Fingerprint patterns were characterized as whorls, loops, or arches on each finger.

The onset of postpartum depression: Implications for clinical screening in obstetrical and primary care.

Objective: Inconsistent diagnostic criteria fail to delineate guidelines for postpartum depression surveillance. This study evaluates the validity of commonly accepted postpartum onset criteria.

Study Design: Consecutive referrals to the Emory Women's Mental Health Program for evaluation of postpartum depression fulfilling criteria for major depression and taking no psychotropic medication were included.

Heart-smart service.

Cardiology patients--direct and ED admits--go to Lancaster General Hospital's Cardiology Admissions Unit (CAU) to receive care until a bed is available in an inpatient unit. The CAU yields high patient volume, positive patient and staff feedback, decreased ED length of stay, prompt initiation of treatment protocols, and more effective discharge planning.