Breast cancer molecular subtypes and associations with clinicopathological characteristics in Iranian women, 2002- 2011.

Breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease that is affected by ethnicity of patients. According to hormone receptor status and gene expression profiling, breast cancers are classified into four molecular subtypes, each showing distinct clinical behavior. Lack of sufficient data on molecular subtypes of breast cancer in Iran, prompted us to investigate the prevalence and the clinicopathological features of each subtype among Iranian women.

The effect of three different disinfection materials on alginate impression by spray method.

Introduction. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of three different types of disinfectant agents on alginate impression material after 5 and 10 minutes. Method and Materials.

Breast cancer knowledge, attitudes and screening behaviors in two groups of Iranian women: physicians and non-health care personnel.

Breast cancer is one of the most frequent malignancies worldwide which is characterized by early onset and diagnosis at advanced stages in Iranian women. Increasing women's awareness and implementing breast cancer screening programs detect cancer earlier and reduce mortality. Physicians play a pivotal role in this regard.

Load-deflection and surface properties of coated and conventional superelastic orthodontic archwires in conventional and metal-insert ceramic brackets.

Background: Properties of coated archwires, which have been introduced for esthetic demands during orthodontic treatments, along with the use of tooth-colored brackets, are not clear. The aim of this study is to compare the load-deflection and surface properties of coated superelastic archwires with conventional superelastic archwires in conventional and metal-insert ceramic brackets.

Materials And Methods: In this experimental study, 3 types of archwires including ultraesthetic polycoated, ultraesthetic epoxyresin coated and conventional (uncoated) superelastic nickel-titanium (NiTi) archwires were used in each of 2 types of brackets including conventional and metal-insert ceramic.

Comparison of the effect of non-antifungal and antifungal agents on Candida isolates from the gastrointestinal tract.

Background: Non-antifungal drugs appear promising in treatment of opportunistic infections of Candida spp. that are often resistant to current antifungals.

Methods: The broth macrodilution method (NCCLS M27-P document) was used to compare the antifungal activity of trifluoperazine, propranolol, and lansoprazole with that of ketoconazole and amphotericin B, using 50 yeast isolates from the GI tract.

Immunomodulatory properties of borage (Echium amoenum) on BALB/c mice infected with Leishmania major.

Leishmaniasis is caused by parasitic protozoa transmitted by the bite of a female sand fly and is currently endemic in 88 countries. BALB/c mice are highly susceptible to the infection with the parasite Leishmania major, and this susceptibility has been attributed, in part, to the expansion of Th2 cells, production of their cytokines, and downregulation of Th1 cytokine, interferon gamma (IFN-γ). In this report, we used both aqueous and alcoholic extracts of Iranian borage (Echium amoenum Fisch & C.

Epstein-Barr virus and breast cancer: lack of evidence for an association in Iranian women.

Controversies regarding the role of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) in breast cancer and lack of published literature in this regard in Iran, prompted us to assess EBV presence in 100 breast carcinoma and 42 control biopsies obtained from Iranian women. Breast carcinoma cases were comprised of 81 invasive ductal carcinoma NOS, 9 invasive lobular carcinoma, 1 apocrine carcinoma, 2 cribriform carcinoma, 2 papillary carcinoma and 5 mucinous carcinoma. Control biopsies consisted of 13 fibroadenoma, 9 benign epithelial proliferation (adenosis and sclerosing adenosis), 9 usual ductal hyperplasia, 4 atypical ductal hyperplasia, 4 non-proliferative fibrocystic changes and 3 normal breast tissue.

Striving for balance: coping with epilepsy in Iranian patients.

Patients with epilepsy are subject to a wide range of distinctive psychosocial consequences, which can be more harmful than the seizures themselves and other medical difficulties accompanying them. This qualitative study was aimed at identifying coping strategies employed by 21 Iranian adults with epilepsy. The study participants were chosen by purposeful sampling from hospitals, neurologists' clinics, rural health care facilities, and epilepsy associations.

Indications and diagnostic utility of bone marrow examination in different bone marrow disorders in Iran.

The shortage of published literature regarding the indications for bone marrow examination and the prevalence of hematologic disorders in the Middle East, especially Iran, prompted us to review 1154 bone marrow specimens sent to the Pathology Department of Rasoul Akram Hospital in Tehran from January 2002 to December 2006. We aimed to determine the diagnostic utility of the bone marrow examination for different bone marrow disorders by determining the clinical suspicion and indications for bone marrow examination for each patient and comparing these findings with the final pathologic diagnoses. The patients comprised 657 males and 497 females, with ages ranging from 1 to 95 years.

The stimulatory effects of topical application of radioactive lantern mantle powder on wound healing.

Some people in different parts of Iran use burned mantles as a wound healing medicine. To perform surface area measurement, twenty rats were divided randomly into two groups of 10 animals each. The 1st group received topical burned radioactive lantern mantle powder at 1st-3rd day after making excision wounds.

Epidemiology and prevention of fall injuries among the elderly.

The authors examine the problem of falls among the elderly. Due to the steadily increasing 65-and-older population, focus on prevention rather than treatment of falls among them has beneficial economic consequences. The authors discuss possible strategies for preventing such falls.

Comparative study on the insertion behavior of cerebral microprobes.

A series of experiments has been conducted with probes made from silicon, glass, tungsten and polyimide within a developed brain phantom, and the insertion behavior, forces and dimpling are compared to in vitro and in vivo models. This allows the choice of proper insertion parameters and probe structure to reach a compromise between needle stability and tissue trauma as a result of insertion. According to the performed experiments, the reduced interfacial area between the needle tip and the brain will result in reduced insertion force.

Patients with hyperhidrosis have changed grip force, coefficient of friction and safety margin.

Objective: To evaluate whether subjects with palmar hyperhidrosis have functional problems with the handgrip caused by the wet slippery surface of palm and fingertips. We used two different dosages of botulinum toxin to explore its impact on sweating and on muscle strength in the hand.

Method: Using an object equipped with force sensors we measured the muscle strength and calculated the coefficients of friction and safety margin (SM) in the precision grip before and 2, 4, 6, 8 10-12 weeks and 6 months after treatment of 13 patients with two different doses of botulinum toxin.

Distribution of ABO blood groups in childhood acute leukemia.

The distribution of ABO blood groups was determined in a multicenter study of 682 pediatric patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and 224 patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) up to 12 years old. The overall distribution of blood groups was significantly different in both ALL and AML groups from the control group (p < .001).

Load force during manual transport in Parkinson's disease.

Objectives: To search for a physiological method for the measurement of upper extremity dexterity during activities of daily life in Parkinson's disease (PD).

Materials And Methods: We examined load force output during manual transport in seven patients with PD and 10 healthy controls. PD patients were measured in both the non-medicated and medicated states.

Manual transport in Parkinson's disease.

We analyze hand dexterity in Parkinson's disease patients (PD) and control subjects using a natural manual transport task (moving an object from one place to another). Eight PD patients and 10 control subjects carried out the task repeatedly at maximum speed both in off and on medicated status. The movement parameters and the grip and load forces were recorded.

Grip and load force coordination during a manual transport movement: findings in healthy participants.

During transport of an object using the precision grip with thumb and index finger, a modulation of the grip force is needed in response to the forces evoked by the movement. We measured the grip force (GF) and the load force (LF) in 10 healthy participants moving a 640-g object forward and upward. The task was repeated with various speeds.

Disturbed grip function in women with rheumatoid arthritis.

Objective: Hand dysfunction is a frequent cause of disability in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). In patients with RA, we studied the precision grip-lift sequence in relation to pain, stiffness, and observer assessed hand function and their relation to patients' experience of clumsiness and tendency to drop objects.

Methods: Performance of the precision grip-lift sequence was studied in 23 women with RA and 7 age and sex matched controls.

On automatic determination of movement phases in manual transport during the precision grip.

Integrated movement and force analysis of the precision grip-lift sequence (grasping an object between index finger and thumb) is a useful tool in studies on manipulative hand functions. The everyday Manual Transport tasks, moving objects from one place to another, exhibits powerful test possibilities because it includes the precision grip. In this study, as a step towards the exploitation of these possibilities, we created an algorithm that extracts sequence of phases in this task.

Different Helicobacter pylori strains colonize the antral and duodenal mucosa of duodenal ulcer patients.

Background: We have investigated the possibility that the same patients may be colonized by Helicobacter pylori strains of different genotypes or phenotypes in the antrum as compared to in the duodenum. The strains were typed for DNA fingerprints, different lipopolysaccharides (LPS), and Lewis antigen expression on the O-side chains of LPS.

Materials And Methods: Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplifications using primer sequences (i.

IL-1beta, IL-6, TNFalpha, fetal fibronectin, and endotoxin in the lower genital tract of pregnant women with bacterial vaginosis.

Background: In our studies on women with bacterial vaginosis (BV) in early pregnancy a strong association has been found between BV and the levels of endotoxin or interleukin-1alpha (IL-1alpha) in the lower genital tract. In the present study we investigated if an association could be found between BV and other cytokines (IL-1beta, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor alpha, TNF) or fetal fibronectin (FFN). The cytokine-inducing capacity of endotoxins present in the cervical mucus was explored in a monocytic cell assay.

Fetal fibronectin, endotoxin, bacterial vaginosis and cervical length as predictors of preterm birth and neonatal morbidity in twin pregnancies.

Objective: To evaluate the predictive values of fetal fibronectin, bacterial vaginosis, endotoxin and cervical length for preterm birth (< 35 and < 37 weeks) and neonatal morbidity in twin pregnancies.

Participants: One-hundred and twenty-one women with twin pregnancies recruited into a prospective longitudinal study at three antenatal clinics in the southwest of Sweden.

Methods: Cervical or vaginal fluid was sampled and determined for fetal fibronectin (> or = 0.