Problem-based learning as an effective method for teaching theoretical surgery courses to medical students.

Background: This study was designed to assess the clinical judgment of medical students in surgery clinical decision-making by a standard examination after lecture-based learning (LBL) or problem-based learning (PBL).

Materials And Methods: A prospective randomized trial study on 175 medical students whom were randomly allocated to three groups was performed during November 2017 and January 2018. LBL group ( = 103), PBL group led by an attending ( = 39), and PBL group ( = 33) led by an intern.

Increased mRNA Expression of CTRP3 and CTRP9 in Adipose Tissue from Obese Women: Is it Linked to Obesity-Related Parameters and mRNA Expression of Inflammatory Cytokines?

Background: Obesity, a medical condition with impaired adipokine secretion and function, has a detrimental effect on insulin and glucose metabolism. CTRP3 and CTRP9 are adipokines with possible roles in energy homeostasis regulation. We sought to compare CTRP3, CTRP9, and inflammatory gene expression in subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) from obese women who underwent bariatric surgery and non-obese women as controls.

Management of a Penetrating Thoracic Injury with Thoracoscopy; A Case Study.

Introduction: Various strategies could be considered dealing with penetrating thoracic injuries. Thoracoscopy is much less invasive than routine thoracotomy approach for managing such cases in which the sharp object remains in the body. The case presented in this article was managed with thoracoscopy for a penetrating dorsolateral thoracic injury.