Publications by authors named "Hossein Tarrahimofrad"

Background: The spread of the COVID-19 disease is the result of an infection caused by the SARS-CoV2 virus. Four crucial proteins, spike (S), membrane (M), nucleocapsid (N), and envelope (E) in coronaviruses have been considered to a large extent.

Objective: This research aimed to express the recombinant protein of a multiepitope immunogen construct and evaluate the immunogenicity of the multiepitope vaccine that was previously designed as a candidate immunogenic against SARS-Cov-2.

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Proteases, enzymes that hydrolyze peptide bonds, have various applications in medicine, clinical applications, and pharmaceutical development. They are used in cancer treatment, wound debridement, contact lens cleaning, prion degradation, biofilm removal, and fibrinolytic agents. Proteases are also crucial in cardiovascular disease treatment, emphasizing the need for safe, affordable, and effective fibrinolytic drugs.

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Article Synopsis
  • Highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses like H5N1 pose a potential pandemic threat, but their rapid mutation makes vaccine development difficult.
  • Researchers utilized an in silico method to design a multi-epitope vaccine targeting the H5N1 virus, incorporating various immune system components and adjuvants to enhance the immune response.
  • The study confirmed the vaccine's antigenicity, non-toxicity, and solubility, and showed promising results in molecular interactions with immune receptors TLR7 and TLR8, suggesting it could effectively stimulate T and B cell responses.
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  • * A novel antimicrobial protein called 'AF-DP' was isolated from seeds and showed significant antimicrobial and anticancer properties during testing, with a specific focus on its effects on various pathogens and cancer cells.
  • * The study found that AF-DP interacts effectively with different types of membranes, and its structure suggests it could be developed into a new drug to combat antibiotic-resistant infections.
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One of the major categories of industrial enzymes, proteases is crucial to the survival of living things. The purpose of this research was to newly thermostable protease from the thermophilum . With the conserved catalytic tetrad, protease (Protease JJ) is closely related to the serine proteases from the subtilisin S8 peptidase, according to phylogenetic tree analysis.

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The keratin-degrading bacterium secretes a keratinase with potential industrial interest. Here, the Keratinase gene was intracellularly expressed in BL21(DE3) using pET-21b (+) vector. Phylogenetic tree analysis showed that KRLr1 is closely related to keratinase that belongs to the serine peptidase/subtilisin-like S8 family.

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Article Synopsis
  • - Viral hepatitis is a widespread inflammatory liver disease caused primarily by five viruses (A-E), with HBV and HCV leading to chronic infections, while HAV and HEV usually result in short-term illnesses transmitted via the fecal-oral route.
  • - Current challenges include the lack of precise genetic diagnosis for viral hepatitis, despite advancements in treatments and the availability of vaccines for HAV and HBV.
  • - The review highlights the promise of CRISPR/Cas technology for developing effective and rapid diagnostic tools, which could significantly improve the detection and management of viral hepatitis infections.
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Currently, there are two vaccines based on killed and/or weakened Salmonella bacteria, but no recombinant vaccine is available for preventing or treating the disease. We used an in silico approach to design a multi-epitope vaccine against Salmonella using OmpA, OmpS, SopB, SseB, SthA and FilC antigens. We predicted helper T lymphocyte, cytotoxic T lymphocyte, and IFN-γ epitopes.

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Background: Contrary to the advantageous anticancer activities of curcumin (Cur), limited bioavailability and solubility hindered its efficacy. Here, nontoxic dendrosomal nano carrier with Cur was used to overcome these problems. Despite considerable antitumor properties of Oxaliplatin (Oxa), the limiting factors are drug resistance and adverse side-effects.

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Vaccines against Brucella abortus, B. melitensis and B. suis have been based on weakened or killed bacteria, however there is no recombinant vaccine for disease prevention or therapy.

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Cellulases are hydrolytic enzymes with wide scientific and industrial applications. We described a novel cellulase, CelC307, from the thermophilic indigenous Cohnella sp. A01.

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A new strain of Influenza A Virus (IAV), so-called "H7N9 Avian Influenza", is the first strain of this virus in which a human is infected by transmitting the N9 of influenza virus. Although continuous human-to-human transmission has not been reported, the occurrence of various H7N9-associated epidemics and the lack of production of strong antibodies against H7N9 in humans warn of the potential for H7N9 to become a new pandemic. Therefore, the need for effective vaccination against H7N9 as a life-threatening viral pathogen has become a major concern.

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Therapeutic vaccines are an effective approach in cancer therapy for treating the disease at later stages. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) recently approved the first therapeutic cancer vaccine, and further studies are ongoing in clinical trials. These are expected to result in the future development of vaccines with relatively improved efficacy.

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The agricultural sector is currently facing many global challenges, such as climate change, and environmental problems such as the release of pesticides and fertilizers, which will be exacerbated in the face of population growth and food shortages. Therefore, the need to change traditional farming methods and replace them with new technologies is essential, and the application of nanotechnology, especially green technology offers considerable promise in alleviating these problems. Nanotechnology has led to changes and advances in many technologies and has the potential to transform various fields of the agricultural sector, including biosensors, pesticides, fertilizers, food packaging and other areas of the agricultural industry.

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Probiotics are beneficial bacteria that exist within the human gut, and which are also present in different food products and supplements. They have been investigated for some decades, due to their potential beneficial impact on human health. Probiotics compete with pathogenic microorganisms for adhesion sites within the gut, to antagonize them or to regulate the host immune response resulting in preventive and therapeutic effects.

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Chitosan nanomaterials have become a hot topic in biomedicine due to exerting antimicrobial effects with interestingly high levels of biodegradability and biocompatibility without causing toxicity. Regarded as a potential means of wound dressing with antimicrobial activity, chitosan exhibits higher efficiency when it is functionally modified with other natural compounds, metallic antimicrobial particles and antibiotics. Mechanistically, the antibacterial effect of chitosan is mostly, associated with the death-proceeding leakage of intracellular content, induced by malfunction and altered permeability of the negatively charged cell membrane, on which chitosan is adsorbed.

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Article Synopsis
  • Protease 1147 is a newly identified thermostable enzyme from the thermophilum indigenous Cohnella sp. A01, which is closely related to other cysteine proteases and features a unique α/β sandwich structure.
  • It was successfully cloned, expressed in E. coli, and purified with high yields using affinity chromatography and thermal shock, resulting in a protein that maintains significant stability under various conditions.
  • The enzyme exhibits optimal activity at pH 7 and 60°C, with promising characteristics for biotechnological applications, including enhanced activity in the presence of certain surfactants.
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Both environmental and genetic factors are involved in the initiation and development of gastrointestinal cancer. Covalent closed circular RNAs (circRNAs) are produced by a mechanism called "back-splicing" from mRNAs. They are highly stable and show cell and tissue specific expression patterns.

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