Synergistic effects of bacteriophage cocktail and antibiotics combinations against extensively drug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii.

Background: The extensively drug-resistant (XDR) strains of Acinetobacter baumannii have become a major cause of nosocomial infections, increasing morbidity and mortality worldwide. Many different treatments, including phage therapy, are attractive ways to overcome the challenges of antibiotic resistance.

Methods: This study investigates the biofilm formation ability of 30 XDR A.

Isolation, characterization, and potential application of Acinetobacter baumannii phages against extensively drug-resistant strains.

One of the significant issues in treating bacterial infections is the increasing prevalence of extensively drug-resistant (XDR) strains of Acinetobacter baumannii. In the face of limited or no viable treatment options for extensively drug-resistant (XDR) bacteria, there is a renewed interest in utilizing bacteriophages as a treatment option. Three Acinetobacter phages (vB_AbaS_Ftm, vB_AbaS_Eva, and vB_AbaS_Gln) were identified from hospital sewage and analyzed for their morphology, host ranges, and their genome sequences were determined and annotated.

Effect of biogenic bismuth nanoparticle on the expression of New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase (NDM) gene in Multidrug-Resistant .

Aim And Background: The emergence of Multidrug-Resistant is a global concern due to high mortality and treatment challenges. One of the most important genes for resistance is NDM, which makes the organism resistant to most antibiotics. Today, the use of nanoparticles as therapeutic options has stimulated researchers around the world to investigate its effects.

Hydrogel nanocomposite based on alginate/zeolite for burn wound healing: and study.

Objectives: The main objective of the current assay was to evaluate the antibacterial and regenerative effects of hydrogel nanocomposite containing pure natural zeolite (clinoptilolite) integrated with alginate (Alg) as wound healing/dressing biomaterials.

Materials And Methods: The zeolites were size excluded, characterized by SEM, DLS, XRD, FTIR, and XRF, and then integrated into Alg hydrogel followed by calcium chloride crosslinking. The Alg and alginate zeolite (Alg/Zeo) hydrogel was characterized by swelling and weight loss tests, also the antibacterial, hemocompatibility, and cell viability tests were performed.

Evaluation of aminoglycoside modifying enzymes, SCCmec, gene and PCR-RFLP gene typing of isolates from hospitals in Shiraz, southwest of Iran.

is an important human pathogen that causes various infections. Aminoglycosides are broad-spectrum antibiotics used to treat methicillinresistant (MRSA) infections. Typing of isolates by coagulase gene typing and PCR-RFLP gene is a fast and suitable method for epidemiological studies.

Antiproliferative properties of Turmerone on Leishmania major: Modes of action confirmed by antioxidative and immunomodulatory roles.

Treatment of leishmaniasis by conventional synthetic compounds has faced a serious challenge worldwide. This study was performed to evaluate the effect and modes of action of aromatic Turmerone on the Leishmania major intra-macrophage amastigotes, the causative agent of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis in the Old World. In the findings, the mean numbers of L.

Reduced Susceptibility to Biocides among Enterococci from Clinical and Non-Clinical Sources.

Background: Wide use of biocidal agents such as benzalkonium chloride (BCC) and chlorhexidine digluconate (CHX) in hospitals and non-hospital environments, has raised concerns over the emergence of non-susceptible strains. Efflux pumps are of known main mechanisms in biocide tolerance which have been rarely addressed in enterococci - members of gut microbiota which can cause serious problems particularly in hospitalized patients. The purpose of this study was to investigate the susceptibility of enterococci from different sources (clinical and fecal isolates) toward BCC and CHX, and its correlation with efflux associated genes.

Stereochemical Trajectories of a Two-Component Regulatory System PmrA/B in a Colistin-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii Clinical Isolate.

Background: There is limited information on the three-dimensional (3D) prediction and modeling of the colistin resistance-associated proteins PmrA/B TCS in Acinetobacter baumannii. We aimed to evaluate the stereochemical structure and domain characterization of phosphotransferase membrane receptor A/B (PmrA/B) in an A. baumannii isolate resistant to high-level colistin, using bioinformatics tools.

Distribution of Genes Encoding Virulence Factors and the Genetic Diversity of Enteroinvasive (EIEC) Isolates from Patients with Diarrhea in Ahvaz, Iran.

Background: Entero-invasive (EIEC) is one of the causes of bacillary dysentery in adults and children. The ability of EIEC to invade and colonize the surface of epithelial cells is influenced by many virulence factors. This study aimed to investigate the distribution of virulence factor genes in EIEC strains isolated from patients with diarrhea in Ahvaz, Iran, as well as the genetic diversity between these isolates by Multilocus variable-number tandem repeat analysis (MLVA).

Virulence Factors, Capsular Serotypes and Antimicrobial Resistance of Hypervirulent and Classical in Southeast Iran.

Background: The present study was conducted to investigate the distribution of virulence factors, capsular serotypes and antibiotic resistance properties of classical (cKP) and hypermucoviscous/hypervirulent (hvKP) isolated from different clinical specimens in Kerman, south-east of Iran.

Materials And Methods: A total of 146 isolates were obtained from different clinical specimens. HvKP isolates were identified using the string test.

Antibiotic resistance, ESBL genes, integrons, phylogenetic groups and MLVA profiles of Escherichia coli pathotypes isolated from patients with diarrhea and farm animals in south-east of Iran.

The aims of this study were to investigate the prevalence, antibiotic resistance, presence of class 1 and 2 integrons, Extended Spectrum β-Lactamases (ESBL) genes, phylogenetic group and epidemiological relationships of EPEC, ETEC and EHEC pathotypes isolated from patients with diarrhea and farm animals in south east region of Iran. A total of 671 diarrheagenic E. coli (DEC) were collected from stool samples of 395 patients with diarrhea and 276 farm cattles and goats.

Endemic dissemination of different sequence types of carbapenem-resistant strains harboring and genes in Kerman hospitals, Iran, from 2015 to 2017.

Introduction: The emergence and spread of strains resistant to multiple antimicrobial agents are considered as a serious challenge for nosocomial infections.

Materials And Methods: In this study, 175 nonrepetitive clinical isolates of were collected from hospitalized patients in Kerman, Iran. Extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs), AmpC, and carbapenemase-producing isolates were recognized by phenotypic methods.

Development, physicochemical characterization, and antimicrobial evaluation of niosomal myrtle essential oil.

(myrtle) is well known for its therapeutic effects pertaining to the major secondary metabolites including essential oils (EOs). EOs are composed of volatile compounds and simply evaporate or decompose leading to their instability. Preparation of EOs niosomal formulation may be a promising approach to deal with these obstacles.

Distribution of Aminoglycoside-Modifying Enzymes and Molecular Analysis of the Coagulase Gene in Clinical Isolates of Methicillin-Resistant and Methicillin-Susceptible Staphylococcus aureus.

Enzymatic alteration of aminoglycosides by aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes (AMEs) is the major mechanism of resistance to aminoglycosides. The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of AME genes, staphylococcal chromosomal cassette mec (SCCmec) types, and molecular analysis of the coagulase (coa) gene in Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from clinical specimens. Totally, 102 S.

Serogroups, subtypes and virulence factors of shiga toxin-producing isolated from human, calves and goats in Kerman, Iran.

Aim: The present study was conducted to detect the occurrence, serogroups, virulence genes and phylogenetic relationship of shiga toxin-producing (STEC) in human, clave and goat in Kerman (southeast of Iran).

Background: STEC have emerged as the important foodborne zoonotic pathogens causing human gastrointestinal disease and confirming the risk to public health.

Methods: A total of 671 fecal samples were collected from diarrheic patients (n=395) and healthy calves (n=156) and goats (n=120) and screened for the presence of gene.

Role of antigen-43 on biofilm formation and horizontal antibiotic resistance gene transfer in non-O157 Shiga toxin producing strains.

Background And Objectives: The objectives of this study were to evaluate the antibiotic resistance profiles, biofilm formation, presence of antigen 43 (43) gene, and transfer of antibiotic resistance phenotype among non-O157 Shiga toxin producing (STEC).

Materials And Methods: From October 2014 to November 2015 a total of 276 stool samples were collected from healthy calves, goats and 395 patients with the sign of nonbloody diarrhea and screened for presence of and serotype O157 genes by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique. Susceptibility to 14 antibiotics was determined as per CLSI guideline.