Comparison of the Quadriceps Muscle Thickness and Function between Patients with Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome and Healthy Subjects using Ultrasonography: An Observational Study.

Objectives: To compare the thickness and function of the quadriceps muscle in subjects with and without patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS) by ultrasonography.

Methods: Patients diagnosed with PFPS were included in the study. To measure the thickness of the rectus femoris (RF), vastus medialis longus and oblique (VML, VMO), vastus lateralis (VL) and vastus intermedius (VI), the ultrasonography was employed in rest and normal contraction modes and also the % rest-thickness normal as muscle function.

Does Adding Lidocaine to Intrathecal Bupivacaine Affect Hemodynamic Parameters during Hip Fracture Surgery?

Background: Hip fracture is one of the most common problems in elderly that needs surgical repair. As, the majority of these patients have chronic diseases, they are at increased risk of peri-operative mortality and morbidity. The purpose of this study was to evaluate spinal anesthesia with bupivacaine vs bupivacaine in combination with lidocaine in terms of hemodynamic changes in patients undergoing hip fracture surgery.

Does Tranexamic Acid Reduce Bleeding during Femoral Fracture Operation?

Background: Proximal Femoral shaft fractures are commonly associated with marked blood loss which can lead to postoperative acute anemia and some other complications. Tranexamic acid (TA) is an antifibrinolytic medication that reduces intra-and postoperative blood loss and transfusion requirements during some elective surgeries. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of intravenous Tranexamic acid (TA) on intraoperative blood loss and a subsequent need for transfusion in patients who were undergoing surgery for femoral shaft fractures in trauma setting.

Treatment Outcomes of Corticosteroid Injection and Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy as Two Primary Therapeutic Methods for Acute Plantar Fasciitis: A Prospective Randomized Clinical Trial.

The outcome of corticosteroid injection (CSI) and extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) as primary treatment of acute plantar fasciitis has been debated. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate and compare the therapeutic effects of CSI and ESWT in patients with acute (<6-week duration) symptomatic plantar fasciitis. Of the 116 eligible patients, 68 were randomized to 2 equal groups of 34 patients, each undergoing either ESWT or CSI.

Changes in the serum level of vitamin d during healing of tibial and femoral shaft fractures.

Background: Several systemic factors and hormones are thought to regulate the fracture healing process. Vitamin D has emerged as a compound or hormone that actively participates in the regulation of calcium homeostasis and bone metabolism.

Objectives: The aim of this study is to determine the serum changes in the level of vitamin D during the acute healing period of tibial and femoral shaft fractures.