Magnetic bentonite decorated with Pd nanoparticles and cross-linked polyvinyl pyridine as an efficient nanocatalyst for Suzuki coupling and 4-Nitrophenol reduction reactions.

This study reports the preparation of a novel type of support based on magnetically recyclable bentonite functionalized with divinylbenzene-polyvinyl pyridine (PVP-DVB) for Pd (II) nanocatalyst by a simple cost-effective method. Firstly, the conventional co-precipitation method synthesized FeO nanoparticles (NPs) onto bentonite sheets. Then the prepared magnetic support surface was functionalized by divinylbenzene-polyvinyl pyridine (PVP-DVB) to create a cross-linked polymer with a high coordination ability with palladium.

Global principles in local traditional knowledge: A review of forage plant-livestock-herder interactions.

An understanding of traditional ecological knowledge systems is increasingly acknowledged as a means of helping to develop global, regional and national, but locally relevant policies. Pastoralists often use lands that are unsuitable for crops due to biophysical and climatic extremities and variabilities. Forage plants of pastures are utilized by herding communities by applying locally relevant multigenerational knowledge.

Economic sustainability assessment in semi-steppe rangelands.

This study was conducted to determine indices and components of economic sustainability assessment in the pastoral units of Sahand summer rangelands. The method was based on descriptive-analytical survey (experts and researchers) with questionnaires. Analysis of variance showed that the mean values of economic components are significantly different from each other and the efficiency component has the highest mean value (0.

Preparation and characterization of biocompatible silver nanoparticles using pomegranate peel extract.

The potential application of any nanoparticles, including silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), strongly depends on their stability against aggregation. In the current study, an aqueous extract of pomegranate peel was used as a stabilizer during synthesis of AgNPs. Nanoparticles have been prepared by the chemical reduction method from an aqueous solution of silver nitrate in the presence of sodium borohydride as a reducing agent.

Analysis of lecithin treatment effects on the structural transformation of wool fiber using vibrational spectroscopy.

The keratin macromolecule in wool fiber may be found in α-helix or β-sheet conformations besides a disordered portion. The physical and chemical treatments may cause transformations between α-helix and β-sheet conformations. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of lecithin treatment on the wool fiber using the micro-Raman spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy.

Alkaline treatment effect on the properties of in-situ synthesised ZnO nanoparticles on cotton fabric.

In this study, an in-situ approach was used to synthesise zinc oxide nanoparticles on the surface of cotton fabric. The effect of alkaline pre- and after-treatment and Zn(2+) concentration was studied on the morphological, structural, thermal, photocatalytic, and antibacterial properties of loaded cotton fabrics. Scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, X-ray diffractometer, thermogravimetric analysis, and attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectrometer were used to characterise the properties of loaded cotton fabrics.

Stability of colloidal silver nanoparticles trapped in lipid bilayer: effect of lecithin concentration and applied temperature.

The use of silver nanoparticle on various substrates has been widespread because of its good antibacterial properties that directly depend on the stability of the silver nanoparticles in a colloidal suspension. In this study, the colloidal solutions of the silver nanoparticles were synthesised by a simple and safe method by using lecithin as a stabilising agent and their stability was examined at various temperatures. The effect of the lecithin concentrations on the stability of the synthesised silver nanoparticles was examined from 25 to 80°C at 5°C intervals, by recording the changes in the UV-vis absorption spectra, the hydrodynamic diameter and the light scattering intensity of the silver nanoparticles.

Antibacterial continuous nanofibrous hybrid yarn through in situ synthesis of silver nanoparticles: preparation and characterization.

Nanofibrous hybrid yarns of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and poly-l-lactide acid (PLLA) with the antibacterial activity were prepared that contains 0, 5, 10, 20, and 30 wt.% of silver nanoparticles according to the PVA polymer content. This was performed by electrospinning using distilled water and 2, 2, 2-trifluoroethanol as a solvent for PVA and PLLA respectively, and sodium borohydride was used as a reducing agent.

In situ synthesis of nano silver/lecithin on wool: enhancing nanoparticles diffusion.

Silver nanoparticles are being used increasingly in various applications because of their antibacterial properties. It is necessary to lower their direct contact with the skin by embedding in a polymer reducing their side effects. In this study, silver nanoparticles were synthesized inside the wool fibers acted as a polyfunctional ligands.

Nano silver entrapped in phospholipids membrane: synthesis, characteristics and antibacterial kinetics.

The antimicrobial property of stabilized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) with phospholipid membrane was investigated on both Gram-negative (Escherichia coli) and Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus) bacterial strains. The influence of phospholipid concentrations on antibacterial kinetics actions of AgNPs was studied with two different methodologies in order to understand the bactericidal and bacteriostatic effects. The bacterial inactivation of synthesized AgNPs fitted well to the Chick-Watson model with a high regression coefficient, R(2) > 0.

Synthesis of Ag-liposome nano composites.

Silver nanoparticles were synthesized and stabilized by a simple, environment-friendly method in a liposomes structure. Liposomes were prepared by facing lecithin to the aqueous-phase solutions while stirring vigorously. The ratio of lecithin concentration to silver nitrate (K(Lec/Ag) = [Lecithin]/[AgNO(3)]) is the influencing factor in the synthesis of silver nanoparticles.

A review on applications of liposomes in textile processing.

This review discusses the properties of liposomes and their role in the textile process, including textile preparation and dyeing. Liposomes have a surface activity effect due to a hydrophilic head group and hydrophobic hydrocarbon tail. Its preparations do not tend to foam, which advantageously distinguishes them from other textile auxiliaries.